Heat Pipe 2 (1) (1) - 1

HEAT PIPE
SUBMITTED BY:
FAIZ AKRAM
ANOJ KUMAR
SUMIT KUMAR
SHABAZ KHAN
What is a Heat Pipe?

A heat pipe heat exchanger is a simple device
which is made use of to transfer heat from

one location to another, using an evaporationcondensation cycle.
Heat pipes are referred to as the
"superconductors" of heat due to their fast

transfer capability with low heat loss. A heat
pipe is a simple device that can quickly

transfer heat from one point to another.
Working Principle
The heat input region of the heat pipe is
called evaporator, the cooling region is called

condenser.
In between the evaporator and condenser
regions, there may be an adiabatic region .
COMPONENTS OF HEAT
PIPES
Container
Working fluid
Wick or Capillary structure
Container
Selection of the container material depends
on many factors. These are as follows:

The function of the container is to isolate the
working fluid from the outside environment.
Compatibility (both with working fluid and
external environment)
Strength to weight ratio
Thermal conductivity
Container
Metal Tubing, usually
copper or aluminum.
Provides a medium with
high thermal
conductivity.
Shape of tubing can be
bent or flattened.
CONTAINER MATERIALS
The many materials available for the
container, the most common in use name

copper, aluminum, and stainless steel.
commercially pure copper tube is suitable,
Like aluminum and stainless steel, the
material is readily available and can be
obtained in a wide variety of diameters and
wall thicknesses in its tubular form.
WORKING FLUID
The prime requirements are:
compatibility with wick and wall material .
Good thermal stability.
vapor pressure not too high or low over
the operating temperature range .

high latent heat .
high thermal conductivity .
WICK OR CAPILLARY STRUCTURE

It is a porous structure made of materials like
steel, aluminum, nickel or copper in various

ranges of pore sizes.
The prime purpose of the wick is to generate
capillary pressure to transport the working fluid
from the condenser to the evaporator.
It must also be able to distribute the liquid
around the evaporator section to any area where
heat is likely to be received by the heat pipe.
Purpose of the Wick

Transports working fluid from the
Condenser to the Evaporator.
Provides liquid flow even against gravity.
How the Wick Works
Liquid flows in a wick due to capillary action.
Intermolecular forces between the wick and the fluid
are stronger than the forces within the fluid.
A resultant increase in surface tension occurs.
Capillary Limitation
Wick must have minimum pressure difference
between the condenser and the evaporator for liquid to

flow.
Dry-out occurs when there is insufficient pressure
difference.
Dealing with the Heat
Traditional stacked heat
sink and fan set up not

feasible in a laptop
Need to separate the two
where you have more

space
Requirements for Cooling

Solid metal rods lose too
much heat to the

environment
Cannot use a powered
cooling system, too much

power consumption
caused the problem
WORKING
Evaporator
The working fluid is heated to its boiling point
and converted into a vapor.
Pressure and temperature differences forces
the vapor to flow to the cooler regions of the

heat pipe.
Condenser`s operations
Condensation
Vapor gives up its latent heat of vaporization

Vapor cools down and returns to its liquid state
Working fluid then flows back to the evaporator
through the wick.
Heat Exchanger
Dissipates heat into
environment
High Thermal Conductivity
Improve heat exchanger's
performance
Increase surface area with more
fins
Include a fan
Heat Pipe
Advantages Of Heat Pipes

May reduce or eliminate the need fir reheat.
Requires no mechanical or electrical input.
Are virtually maintenance free.
Provide lower operating costs.
Last a very long time.
Are environmentally safe.
Heat Pipe Applications

Electronics cooling
Aerospace
Heat exchangers
Refrigerators
Applications of Heat Pipes
SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Spacecraft temperature equalization
Component cooling, temperature control and
radiator design in satellites.
LAPTOP HEAT PIPE SOLUTION
HEAT PIPE IN CPU
CONCLUSION
The cost of heat pipes designed for laptop use is
very competitive compared to other alternatives.

Cost is partially offset and justified by improved
system reliability and the increased life of cooler
running electronics.
Heat pipe manufacture has been a difficult area
to compete in. Simple in concept, but difficult to
apply commercially, the heat pipe is a very
elusive technology & holds the key to the future
of heat transfer & its allied applications.
THANK YOU

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HEAT PIPE

What is a Heat Pipe?

which is made use of to transfer heat from

"superconductors" of heat due to their fast

pipe is a simple device that can quickly

called evaporator, the cooling region is called

regions, there may be an adiabatic region .

on many factors. These are as follows:

container, the most common in use name

vapor pressure not too high or low over

the operating temperature range .

WICK OR CAPILLARY STRUCTURE

steel, aluminum, nickel or copper in various

Purpose of the Wick

Condenser to the Evaporator.

Provides liquid flow even against gravity.

How the Wick Works

Liquid flows in a wick due to capillary action.

Intermolecular forces between the wick and the fluid

are stronger than the forces within the fluid.

A resultant increase in surface tension occurs.

between the condenser and the evaporator for liquid to

Dealing with the Heat

Traditional stacked heat

sink and fan set up not

where you have more

Requirements for Cooling

much heat to the

Cannot use a powered

cooling system, too much

The working fluid is heated to its boiling point

and converted into a vapor.

Pressure and temperature differences forces

the vapor to flow to the cooler regions of the

Vapor gives up its latent heat of vaporization

through the wick.

Advantages Of Heat Pipes

Heat Pipe Applications

Applications of Heat Pipes

radiator design in satellites.

LAPTOP HEAT PIPE SOLUTION

HEAT PIPE IN CPU

The cost of heat pipes designed for laptop use is

very competitive compared to other alternatives.

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