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Intelligent Cylinder Deactivation in 4-Stroke Multicylinder Si Engine

This document discusses intelligent cylinder deactivation in 4-stroke multi-cylinder gasoline engines. It begins with introductions to internal combustion engines and cylinder deactivation concepts. It then provides assumptions and conceptual explanations of cylinder deactivation based on engine load. Sample calculations are shown for a Maruti Swift engine comparing fuel consumption rates with all cylinders active versus one cylinder deactivated. The conclusions are that cylinder deactivation can theoretically increase fuel efficiency and reduce emissions and pollution by tailoring the number of active cylinders to the load on the engine.

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32 views28 pages

Intelligent Cylinder Deactivation in 4-Stroke Multicylinder Si Engine

This document discusses intelligent cylinder deactivation in 4-stroke multi-cylinder gasoline engines. It begins with introductions to internal combustion engines and cylinder deactivation concepts. It then provides assumptions and conceptual explanations of cylinder deactivation based on engine load. Sample calculations are shown for a Maruti Swift engine comparing fuel consumption rates with all cylinders active versus one cylinder deactivated. The conclusions are that cylinder deactivation can theoretically increase fuel efficiency and reduce emissions and pollution by tailoring the number of active cylinders to the load on the engine.

Uploaded by

tarun
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTELLIGENT CYLINDER

DEACTIVATION
IN 4-STROKE MULTICYLINDER
SI ENGINE

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
BASICS OF SI ENGINE
EXPERIMENTAL CONCEPT
ASSUPTIONS
CONCEPTUAL EXPLANATIONS
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

INTRODUCT
ION

Today, with the rapid development in the


technology, the automobile world has touched the
peaks in making engines with fabulous
performance, stylish design and much more.
But among all, the major concern is the fuel
efficiency especially in cars and heavy duty
vehicles.
The growing demand for fossil fuels has made the
automobile manufacturers around the world to
look for technologies which can help them to give
maximum efficiency to the engines.

One such requisite development in the field of an IC


engine is Cylinder Deactivation Method in a multi
cylinder engine. The major component for in a such a
system is the Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The ECU
takes into account all the factors that affect the
performance of an engine like fuel injection, spark by a
spark plug, load on the engine, etc.

According to the load on the engine, the activation


and deactivation of the cylinders take place. Here, the
main function of ECU will be to control the supply of
fuel in the cylinder at various load conditions and
hence improving the efficiency i.e. mileage of a vehicle.
The detailed explanation is discussed in the later part
of the presentation.

OF
SI
ENGINE

4- STROKES IN SI ENGINE

The air-fuel mixture enters from the inlet valve


during suction stroke.
The very next stroke is compression stroke in which
the mixture is compressed.
At the end of this stroke, the ignition starts in which
spark takes place by the spark plug and hence burns
the mixture.
The energy thus release is supplied to push back the
piston. This stroke is known as Power stroke.
After the power stroke the exhaust gases moves out
through the exhaust valve, the stroke is known as
Exhaust stroke.

In the modern IC engines, the operation of fuelinjection system and spark plug timing is
controlled by electronics systems. The well known
development in the fuel injection is MPFI
(MultiPoint Fuel Injection), EFI (Electronic Fuel
Injection), etc.
All such advancements have helped to achieve the
better valve operation timing, proper fuel supply to
the cylinder, accurate spark timing etc.

EXPERIMENT
AL CONCEPT

Assumptions
1. The vehicle is moving on a plane road without steep slope.
2. At maximum Load, all cylinders are active.
3. The unbalancing occurred due to deactivation of cylinder is
not considered.
4. Frictional resistance is not taken into consideration.
5. The considered values in calculations are theoretical and may
not match with actual values obtained when carried out
practically.

Conceptual Explanation
An example is considered of a
car with 4 cylinder petrol
engine having electronically
controlled fuel supply.
The total weight of a car is the
sum of gross weight of car and
one driver.
When the car is running at
maximum
Load,
all
4
cylinders are in working
condition.

As the load starts decreasing, i.e.

ju

velocity
reduce, the
power
requirement to run the engine also
reduces. Hence, the cylinders are
deactivated in an order from D to
A.
Load Condition 1cylinder A
is active
Load Condition 2cylinder A
and B is active.
Load Condition 3cylinder A,
B and C is active.
Load Condition 4all cylinders
are active.

The deactivation of cylinder is


dependent on the load on the engine.
The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) is
programmed to decide and cut off
the combustion of one or more
number of cylinder(s), depending
upon the load condition.
ECU receives the load sensor signal
through a comparator and a feedback arrangement so as to decode
the requirement of firing cylinder(s).

The comparator compares the


running value with optimum
value.
The ECU sends this final signal
to the actuator which in turn
deactivates the not- required
no. of cylinders.
During the low-load condition,
the
more
cylinders
are
deactivated which saves the
fuel and reduces the toxic
emissions.

SAMPLE
CALCULATI
ONS

Analysis is done on theoretical specifications of


MARUTI SUZUKI SWIFT VXi model
Capacity: 1298cc
No of cylinders: 4
Power: 87 hp @6000 rpm
Gross vehicle weight: 1415 kg
Fuel injection system: MPI (or MPFI)
So here let the total weight be 1500kg.

So here let the total weight be 1500kg.


For finding power required on the basis of weight
and velocity, the relation is:

Therefore, at a normal velocity of 40-42km/hr.


HP=1500 x [12/234]3 x 24.63
=4.99HP

Now the general equation for fuel flow rate is,


FUEL FLOW RATE= HP X 7.3
= 4.99 X 7.3
= 36.427 ml/min.
= 2.2 lit/hr. ------------- (1)
Now, as we know that specified mileage = 15.8 km/lit. -----(2)
So for the same distance to cover, the fuel requirement will be
=40kmph/15.8kmpl
=2.53lit/hr.
-------------- (3)
We got two values almost similar...

But, still let us consider the higher value


i.e. 2.53 lit/hr.
This is the total fuel consumption rate when all 4 cylinders are
active.
Now, let us assume that at this particular velocity, we do not
require all the cylinders to be active
So, according to our above assumption, let one cylinder be deactivated by the ECU automatically.
Then,
Fuel consumption for remaining 3 cylinders
= Total fuel supply Fuel supply in
1 cyl.
= 2.53 (2.53/4)
= 1.897 lit/hr.

So now with revised fuel consumption value of 3


cylinders will be
(40/new mileage)=1.897
Which implies
New mileage = 21.08km/lit. -------- (4)

CONCLUSI
ONS

Comparing eq. (3) and eq. (4), it has theoretically been


found that by deactivating the cylinders at the lower
load, the mileage of this particular car is increased
from 15.8kmpl to nearly 21kmpl.
The fuel efficiency will increase by adopting this
technique in the engine.
The toxic emission will be reduced and hence pollution
also will be reduced.

The engine performance is improved with the usage


of ECU which helps in accurate functioning of fuel
injection system and spark timing.
Lakhs of vehicle run on petrol as a fuel. The total
saving of fuel of all those vehicles by this method will
help to reduce the daily consumption of fuel worldwide.

AMONG ALL..
LAST BUT NOT THE LEAST
THE MOST VALUABLE IS

EVEN A LITTLE DROP


SAVED TODAY, WILL
HELP US TO RUN THE
WORLD ONE MORE
DAY!!!

REFERENCES
www.wikipedia.com
www.conceptengine.tripod.com
www.ajdesigner.com
www.google.com
www.marutiswift.com

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