Intro Eclipse

Heriot-Watt University
INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING
ECLIPSE 100
Introductory Course
Course tutor: Eric Mackay
12 January 2007
ECLIPSE 100
General purpose black oil simulator
De facto standard
Robust
Obtains input data from a user created file

which uses a keyword system
Output data can be visualised using post
processing packages Floviz and ECLIPSE
Office (or MS Excel)
Conceptually How Eclipse Works

Construct
grid
Kr
Input
data
Provide
PVTand
rockdata
FVF
Sw
GOC
WOC
Initialise
model
Rate
Time
Define
wellsand
supply
production
schedule
Output
visualisation
& analysis
ECLIPSE Input File

Rules govern how input file to be edited
split into sections
each section starts with a keyword
sections must be in order
ECLIPSE File Sections
RUNSPEC
General characteristics of model
GRID
PROPS Fluid properties
SOLUTION Initial reservoir conditions
SUMMARY Output required
SCHEDULE Well data & production schedule
Cell dimensions & rock
properties
Preparing Data File
Data specified using appropriate keywords.
Keywords are explained in the manual.
Keywords must start in column 1 of the file.
Data should be on next line after keyword.
A / must be inserted after specifying the data.
Any line beginning with - - is ignored.
Blank lines are ignored.
ECLIPSE Tutorial 1
1
500
50
500
50
500
50
500
1
500
2
5
500
500
500
500
500
RUNSPEC Section
Contains general information such as:
title of simulation
number of grid cells in model
phases present
units used
maximum number of wells & groups
maximum number of relative permeability
tables
start date of simulation
Tutorial 1: RUNSPEC Section
RUNSPEC keyword
Title (TITLE)
TITLE
3D 2-Phase
Number of grid cells (DIMENS)

DIMENS
(NX) 5
(NY) 5
(NZ) 3
Phases present
OIL
WATER (GAS)
Choice of units
FIELD (METRIC) (LAB)
Maximum number of wells, connections & groups

(WELLDIMS)
WELLDIMS
(max wells) 2
(max cons/well) 3
(max groups) 2
(max wells/group) 1
Maximum number of relative permeability tables

(TABDIMS)
TABDIMS 2
Unified output files

UNIFOUT
(alternative to having output files for each
time step)
Start date (START)

START
1 Jan 2006
GRID Section
Defines the geometry of the simulation

grid and the various rock properties:
geometry
size and location of each grid block
rock properties
porosity and absolute permeability
Tutorial 1: GRID Section
Starts with GRID keyword
Model will use block centred geometry
Data for each grid block can be specified in

either of two ways:
1 Defining values for each cell, one at a time
2 Defining a value for a box which contains
a group of cells
Tutorial 1:
Defining values one cell at a time
Example: set 10 cells to have length of

500 feet using DX keyword
DX
500
500
500
500
or
DX
10*500 /
500
500
500
500
500
500 /
Tutorial 1: Notes on
Defining values one cell at a time
No data on same line as keyword
At least one space between data
If using multiplier * no space on either

side of *
x co-ordinate varies fastest, z co-ordinate
slowest
end input of data with /
Tutorial 1:
Defining values using BOX
Example: Define a box as follows:

X direction - cell 1 to cell 5
Y direction - cell 1 to cell 5
Z direction - cell 1 to cell 1 (top layer only)
Set the depth below sea level of the tops of

each cell in the box to 8,000 feet using the
BOX,
BOX TOPS and ENDBOX keywords
Tutorial 1:
Defining values using BOX
--
X1 X2
Y1 Y2
Z1 Z2
BOX
5
1 /
TOPS
25*8000 /
ENDBOX
Notes
- specify value for each cell in box - use
ENDBOX to end definition
Tutorial 1: GRID Section

Rock properties must be defined for each cell
Absolute permeability in each direction:

PERMX
PERMY
PERMZ
Porosity
PORO
PROPS Section
Contains:
Fluid densities
PVT properties of
dead oil
live oil
dry gas
wet gas
water
Rock compressibility
Relative permeability tables
Tutorial 1: PROPS Section
Starts with PROPS keyword
Oil, water and gas densities (DENSITY)

DENSITY
Tables of PVT properties
PVDO
PVT properties of dead oil
PVTW
PVT properties of water
Rock compressibility (ROCK)

ROCK
Oil and water relative permeabilities in one
(SWOF)
SWOF table
SOLUTION Section
Initial reservoir conditions are set by one of:
1
EQUILIBRATION - Define pressure at datum

depth to allow internal pressure vs. depth
tables to be calculated.
RESTART - Load pressures and saturations

for each grid cell from a previous run.
ENUMERATION - Specify pressures and

saturations for each cell explicitly.
Tutorial 1: SOLUTION Section
Starts with SOLUTION keyword
Use Equilibration data (EQUIL)

EQUIL
pressure at datum depth
WOC
GOC
Outside the transition zones the initial saturations

are set to the appropriate end points of the
saturation table (SWOF)
SWOF
SCHEDULE Section
Drives the simulator by defining:
Well locations and completions

Production and injection rates and
pressures
Time steps
for calculations
for reports
Tutorial 1: SCHEDULE Section
Starts with SCHEDULE keyword
WELSPECS and COMPDAT to specify

Vertical oil production well (prod)
prod in
cells (1,1,1) -> (1,1,3)
Vertical water injection well (inj)
inj in
cells (5,5,1) -> (5,5,3)
Tutorial 1: SCHEDULE Section
WCONPROD
produce 10,000 stb/day of liquid
minimum BHP limit of 2,000 psia
WCONINJ
inject 11,000 stb/day of water
maximum BHP limit of 10,000 psia
TSTEP gives each t(nottotaltime)
Output Files
Two files can be created at start, containing time
invariant data
1
GRID File
(eg TUT1A.EGRID)
Generated by default, used by Floviz

2
INIT File
(eg TUT1A.INIT)
INIT keyword must be in GRID section

Contains DX,
DX DY,
DY DZ,
DZ PERMX,
PERMX PERMY,
PERMY PERMZ,
PERMZ
etc for plotting in Floviz
Output Files
Two files can be written to at each report step
1
SUMMARY Files (eg TUT1A.UNSMRY &

TUT1A.RSM)
Contents specified in SUMMARY section.
Contain summary data for field, regions, wells,
connections or specific grid cells.
Used by ECLIPSE Office or MS Excel for lines
graphs.
Output Files
2
RESTART Files (eg TUT1A.UNRST)

Contents specified in SCHEDULE
section.
Contain data on pressures and
saturations in each grid cell.
Used by Floviz, along with GRID file,
for grid displays.
SUMMARY Section
Specifies items to be output to summary files

at each time step. These can be plotted using
ECLIPSE Office or Excel.
May include, for example:
Field quantities, such as total oil
production rate or fluid in place
Well quantities, such as water cut or
bottom hole pressure
Completion quantities, as for wells
SUMMARY Section
Keywords usually have four letters
1st letter F
Field
Region
Well
Completion
Block
SUMMARY Section
2nd letter O
Oil
(@ surface)
W Water
(@ surface)
G Gas
(@ surface)
L Liquid (oil + water @ surface)

V Volume
3rd letter P
I
Injection
(in reservoir)
Production
SUMMARY Section
4th letter R
T
Rate
Total (or cumulative)
Examples:
FOPR
Field Oil Production Rate
WWIT
Well Water Injection Total
SUMMARY Section
Some exceptions
WWCT
Well Water Cut
WBHP
Well Bottom Hole Pressure
FPR
Field Average Pressure
CPR
Connection Pressure
FGOR
Field Gas Oil Ratio
Restart Files
Keyword RPTRST is used to output time

varying grid data (eg pressures and
saturations)
In SOLUTION section specifies output of
initial conditions ( time = 0 )
In SCHEDULE section specifies output
for every report time step ( time > 0 )
Restart Files
Same format in SOLUTION & SCHEDULE
sections
Request data every TSTEP (time step)

BASIC=2

Intro Eclipse

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Intro Eclipse

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Intro Eclipse

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Heriot-Watt University

INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING

General purpose black oil simulator

Obtains input data from a user created file

Conceptually How Eclipse Works

ECLIPSE Input File

split into sections

each section starts with a keyword

sections must be in order

ECLIPSE File Sections

General characteristics of model

PROPS Fluid properties

SOLUTION Initial reservoir conditions

SUMMARY Output required

SCHEDULE Well data & production schedule

Cell dimensions & rock

Preparing Data File

Data specified using appropriate keywords.

Keywords are explained in the manual.

Keywords must start in column 1 of the file.

Data should be on next line after keyword.

A / must be inserted after specifying the data.

Any line beginning with - - is ignored.

Blank lines are ignored.

Tutorial 1: RUNSPEC Section

Number of grid cells (DIMENS)

Tutorial 1: RUNSPEC Section

Maximum number of wells, connections & groups

Maximum number of relative permeability tables

Tutorial 1: RUNSPEC Section

Unified output files

Start date (START)

Defines the geometry of the simulation

Tutorial 1: GRID Section

Starts with GRID keyword

Model will use block centred geometry

Data for each grid block can be specified in

Example: set 10 cells to have length of

No data on same line as keyword

At least one space between data

If using multiplier * no space on either

Example: Define a box as follows:

Set the depth below sea level of the tops of

Tutorial 1: GRID Section

Absolute permeability in each direction:

Tutorial 1: PROPS Section

Starts with PROPS keyword

Oil, water and gas densities (DENSITY)

Tables of PVT properties

PVT properties of dead oil

PVT properties of water

Rock compressibility (ROCK)

EQUILIBRATION - Define pressure at datum

RESTART - Load pressures and saturations

ENUMERATION - Specify pressures and

Tutorial 1: SOLUTION Section

Starts with SOLUTION keyword

Use Equilibration data (EQUIL)

Outside the transition zones the initial saturations