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    CH 2 - Guide To Physics Practicals

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    Nong Hm
    This document provides guidelines for physics practical exams, including measurement, presentation of results, and graphical work. It discusses key points such as: - Taking repeated readings and calculating averages - Recording raw data with consistent significant figures - Labeling graphs with quantities and units - Balancing plotted points evenly about the line of best fit - Drawing triangles to calculate gradients from plotted points - Finding the gradient and y-intercept from graphs

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    CH 2 - Guide To Physics Practicals

    Uploaded by

    Nong Hm
    143 views20 pages
    This document provides guidelines for physics practical exams, including measurement, presentation of results, and graphical work. It discusses key points such as: - Taking repeated readings and calculating averages - Recording raw data with consistent significant figures - Labeling graphs with quantities and units - Balancing plotted points evenly about the line of best fit - Drawing triangles to calculate gradients from plotted points - Finding the gradient and y-intercept from graphs

    Original Description:

    Physics Guide

    Original Title

    Ch 2 - Guide to Physics Practicals

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    This document provides guidelines for physics practical exams, including measurement, presentation of results, and graphical work. It discusses key points such as: - Taking repeated readings and calculating averages - Recording raw data with consistent significant figures - Labeling graphs with quantities and units - Balancing plotted points evenly about the line of best fit - Drawing triangles to calculate gradients from plotted points - Finding the gradient and y-intercept from graphs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    143 views20 pages

    CH 2 - Guide To Physics Practicals

    Uploaded by

    Nong Hm
    This document provides guidelines for physics practical exams, including measurement, presentation of results, and graphical work. It discusses key points such as: - Taking repeated readings and calculating averages - Recording raw data with consistent significant figures - Labeling graphs with quantities and units - Balancing plotted points evenly about the line of best fit - Drawing triangles to calculate gradients from plotted points - Finding the gradient and y-intercept from graphs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    GUIDE TO PHYSICS

    PRACTICALS
    1. Measurement and Observation
    2.

    Presentation of results
    3.
    Graphical Work

    MEASUREMEN
    T AND
    OBSERVATION

    1.1 Points and Interval Required


    Linear Trend 6 readings

    required
    Curved Trend 9 readings
    required
    Sensible interval must be chosen
    e.g. 15cm < d < 75cm
    (Take until 6 readings)
    20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm,
    70cm

    1.2 Repeated Readings.


    Candidates expected to repeat readings and

    calculate average. (at least 3 readings)


    ALL raw data (readings) must be recorded,

    for example to find the period of a simple


    pendulum, readings should include:
    l/cm
    30.0

    Time for 20 Oscillation


    t1/s
    t2/s
    t3/s
    16.2

    16.6
    RAW DATA

    16.0

    Average, Period
    <t>/s
    T/s
    16.3

    0.813

    FINAL AVERAGE
    VALUE

    1.3 Significant Figures


    The number of significant figures in the final

    calculated quantity should be related to the


    number of s.f in the Raw Data
    Example:

    If bigger numbers, for instance

    Resistance of voltmeter is 50 000, Better to


    write in in scientific notation (standard form)
    R = 5 x 104 (1 Sig fig)
    R = 5.0 x 104 (2 Sig fig, 1 d.p)

    For logarithmic quantities, the no.


    of decimal should be considered. It
    is sensible to quote log x to 3d.p if
    the values of x is correct to 3s.f

    PRESENTATIO
    N OF DATA

    2.1 Column headings


    It must have:
    A quantity
    A unit
    Examples : l/cm or l (cm), t/s or t (s)

    In case of logarithms log (l/cm), log

    (t/s)

    2.2 Consistency of raw data


    ALL raw data should be recorded to
    the same number of decimal places
    which should be consistent

    Reading (2) is acceptable since all the


    raw data are given to the same
    degree of accuracy

    2.3 Significant figures


    Calculated quantities should be given to the
    same number as s.f. as in the measured
    quantity of least accuracy.

    3. Graphical Work
    Choice of scale
    ii. Plotting Points
    iii. Line of Best fits
    iv. Calculation of gradients
    v. Determination of y-intercept.
    i.

    3.1 Choice of scales.


    Scale must be chosen so that plotted points will

    cover/occupy more than half the graph for both


    x axis and y axis.

    Each scale must be labeled with the quantity

    and units.
    Chose scale that is easy to read
    E.g. 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 1 :10
    Unacceptable scales are 1:3, 2:3 etc.

    3.2 Plotting Points & Line Best Fit


    Points should be accurately plotted, to within

    one half of the small square.


    Plot points using cross or a dot.
    Line best fit
    There must be a balance of points about the
    line(i.e. plotted points should be scattered
    equally about the line.
    The line must be thin and clear. Thick lines
    will not be accepted!

    3.4 Calculation of Gradients


    ALL working must be shown
    The triangle should be drawn and the

    coordinates of the vertices clearly labeled.


    The coordinates used when calculating the
    gradient must be on the straight line.

    3.5 Finding y-intercept


    Find the yintercept on the
    graph itself, or by
    calculation. y =
    mx +c

    Find the gradient and the y-intercept of


    this graph

    Example of recording data.

    Plot this graphs T2/S2 vs l/m, and find the


    gradient and y-intercept. (y=mx+c)
    Y axis versus x-axis

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