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Basic Pneumatic Design (Cascade) 1

This document discusses various methods for representing control problems in pneumatic systems, including positional sketches, displacement-step diagrams, control charts, function diagrams, and abbreviated notation. Displacement-step diagrams graphically show the operation sequence of actuators by recording displacement in relation to sequence steps. Control charts represent the switching status of control elements over time or process steps. Function diagrams combine motion diagrams and control charts. Abbreviated notation uses plus signs for advancing and minus signs for retracting to denote sequences.

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Hans Haryanto
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160 views8 pages

Basic Pneumatic Design (Cascade) 1

This document discusses various methods for representing control problems in pneumatic systems, including positional sketches, displacement-step diagrams, control charts, function diagrams, and abbreviated notation. Displacement-step diagrams graphically show the operation sequence of actuators by recording displacement in relation to sequence steps. Control charts represent the switching status of control elements over time or process steps. Function diagrams combine motion diagrams and control charts. Abbreviated notation uses plus signs for advancing and minus signs for retracting to denote sequences.

Uploaded by

Hans Haryanto
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pneumatics _ Basic Level

Control system development


The development of the control system solution requires that the
problem is defined clearly. There are many ways of representing the
problem in a descriptive or graphical form. The methods of
representing the control problem include :
1. Positional sketch
2. Displacement-step diagram
3. Control chart
4. Function diagram
5. Function chart
6. Circuit diagram

Jeonbuk Human Resources Development Institute

Pneumatics _ Basic Level

Positional sketch
Shows the relationship between the actuators and the machine fixture.
The actuators are shown in the correct orientation.
Not normally to scale and should not be too detailed.

Jeonbuk Human Resources Development Institute

Pneumatics _ Basic Level

Displacement-step diagram
Represents the operation sequence of the actuators;
the displacement is recorded in relation to the sequence step.
The action (travel, stroke) of the
piston rod of cylinder 1A
from the retracted position (sequence
state 1)
to the extended position (sequence
state 2) on the one hand,
and from the extended (sequence
state 2)
to the retracted (sequence state 3)
position on the other
is represented graphically by function
lines (action lines) as shown

Jeonbuk Human Resources Development Institute

Pneumatics _ Basic Level

Displacement-time diagram
Represent the displacement (travel) of power elements
with a linear action over time.
A variety of speeds can thus be described roughly in the diagram.

Jeonbuk Human Resources Development Institute

Pneumatics _ Basic Level

Control chart
The switching status of the control element is represented in
relation to the steps or the time

Jeonbuk Human Resources Development Institute

Pneumatics _ Basic Level

Function diagram
A combination of the motion diagram and the control chart

Jeonbuk Human Resources Development Institute

Pneumatics _ Basic Level

Displacement-step diagram with signal lines


- If limit switch 2S1 is actuated and push
button 1S1 is pressed =>piston[1A] extends.
- cylinder 1A reaches its forward end
position=>limit switch 1S3 is actuated
=>piston[2A]advances.
- cylinder 2A reaches its forward end
position=> limit switch 2S2 is actuated
=>the piston rod of cylinder 1A retracts.
- cylinder 1A reaches its retracted end
position=> the limit switch 1S2 is actuated
=> the piston rod of cylinder 2A retracts.
-cylinder 2A reaches its retracted end
position=>limit switch 2S1 is actuated
=> the initial position is reached again.

Jeonbuk Human Resources Development Institute

Pneumatics _ Basic Level

Abbreviated notation
The signal for advancing is designated using a
and the signal for retracting using a '-'

'+'

The sequence
A+ B+ B- A- is to be read
as follow :
cylinder
cylinder
cylinder
cylinder

A advances,
B advances,
B retracts,
A retracts.

Jeonbuk Human Resources Development Institute

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