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Optical Computer: A Seminar On

An optical computer seminar was presented that discussed: 1) Optical computers perform computations using light rather than electricity, allowing for faster data transmission and parallel processing. 2) Key components of optical computers include lasers, photonic crystals, and optical logic gates that simulate electronic components using light. 3) Advantages of optical computers include increased speed, immunity to electromagnetic interference, high storage density, and reduced power losses. However, making optical switches and photonic crystals remains challenging. Current research is exploring new materials for faster optical switching and data storage.

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chikulenka
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448 views

Optical Computer: A Seminar On

An optical computer seminar was presented that discussed: 1) Optical computers perform computations using light rather than electricity, allowing for faster data transmission and parallel processing. 2) Key components of optical computers include lasers, photonic crystals, and optical logic gates that simulate electronic components using light. 3) Advantages of optical computers include increased speed, immunity to electromagnetic interference, high storage density, and reduced power losses. However, making optical switches and photonic crystals remains challenging. Current research is exploring new materials for faster optical switching and data storage.

Uploaded by

chikulenka
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A

Seminar on

Optical Computer

By
RITESH KUMAR LENKA
REGD. NO-0601213262
Inst. & Elec. Engineering
8th sem
Under the guidance
of
Asst. Prof. HEMALATA RAO (M.Tech)
Content:
Introduction
Why Optical computer
How it works
Components
Use of Optical computer
Use of Optics in memory device
Advantages
Limitation
Future trend
Conclusion
Introduction:
Optical Computers perform computations, operate,
store and transmit data using only light.

Electronic
To Photonic
Converter
.txt format

Fiber optic
cables
An optical computer is a device that uses the photons
in visible light or infrared ( IR ) beams, rather than
electric current, to perform digital computations.
Real Optical Computer :
Why Optical Computer:
Light travel 10 time faster than electron. So using light
the data transmission rate can be increased .
In electronic computer the solid state transmission media
limits both the speed and volume of signal.
Optical data processing can be done in parallel process
Parallelism is the capability of the system to execute more
than one operation simultaneously.
Optical materials have a superior storage density and
accessibility over magnetic materials.
How it works ??????????
 Light(Photon) in the place of electron.

 Uses optical components like Optical Transistor, Optical Gate


and Switch, Holographic Memory, Input Output Devices etc.

 Transistors, logical gates etc are simulated using optics.

 There are switches that are activated by beams of light rather


than by pulse of electricity.

 All-optical components require a high level of laser power to


function as required.
Components:
1. VCSEL-(vertical cavity surface emitting micro laser)
it emits light in a cylindrical beam
vertically from the surface of a fabricated wafer
Cont…..
2. Photonic crystal :
 Photonic crystals designed to replace transistors in
optical computers.
 Photonic crystals is also known as photonic band gap
material and similar to semiconductors, only that the
electrons are replaced by photons.
 photonic crystals reflect light of different wavelengths
selectively depending on their band gaps.
Cont….
3.SLM (spatial light modulators)
SLM modulates the intensity and phase of the light
beam.
SLMs are used extensively in holographic data storage
setups to encode information into a laser beam.
Cont….
4.Logical Gates :
Logic gates are the building blocks of any digital
system. An optical logic gate is a switch that controls
one light beam with another. It is "on" when the device
transmits light, and "off" when it blocks the light.
Cont……
5.Smart Pixels :
Smart pixels is the union of optics and electronics.

the electronic circuitry provides complex functionality

and programmability while the optoelectronic devices


provide high-speed switching.
Use of optics in Memory storage :

The holographic optical data storage technologies have


higher storage capacities and faster read-out rates.

In conventional memory data are store bit to bit but in a


holographic memory data are store in the form of a
hologram within a crystal.

It offer to store 1 tera GB in a sugar cube size crystal


Advantages...

Increase in the speed of computation.

Immune to electromagnetic interference.

Free from electrical short circuits.

Have low-loss transmission and large bandwidth.

Capable of communicating several channels in parallel
without interference.

Possess superior storage density and accessibility

No power loss due to excess of heating.

Life of the hardware of optical computer is more.
Challenges...
 Computation is a nonlinear process in which
multiple signals must interact to compute the
answer.
 Making photonic crystals is a difficult process.

 Putting optical switches on computer chips is a

difficult task.
 It is bulky in size and not movable.
Some Current Research:
A group of researchers from the university of southern
California , jointly with a team from the university of
California , los angles , have developed an organic
polymer with a switching frequency of 60 Ghz.

Another groupe at brown university and the IBM ,


Almaden research center has used ultrafast laser
pulses to build ultra fast data storage devices .
Conclusion :
Research in optical computing has opened up new
possibilities in several fields related to high
performance computing, high-speed communications.
Any Queries

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