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Sample Problem #11:: Solve This Problem by Graphical Method

The distillation column is separating an ethanol-water mixture with a feed composition of 20% ethanol. A bottoms composition of 2% ethanol is desired. The external reflux ratio is 5/3 and the reflux is returned as a saturated liquid. Using the Ponchon-Savarit graphical method and given data on compositions and temperatures, the optimum feed plate location is determined to be 12.7 and the total number of equilibrium stages required is 14.1.

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881 views

Sample Problem #11:: Solve This Problem by Graphical Method

The distillation column is separating an ethanol-water mixture with a feed composition of 20% ethanol. A bottoms composition of 2% ethanol is desired. The external reflux ratio is 5/3 and the reflux is returned as a saturated liquid. Using the Ponchon-Savarit graphical method and given data on compositions and temperatures, the optimum feed plate location is determined to be 12.7 and the total number of equilibrium stages required is 14.1.

Uploaded by

Dozdi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SAMPLE PROBLEM #11:

A distillation column with a total condenser and partial


reboiler is separating an ethanol-water mixture(ETOH + H2O).
The feed is 20 mol% ethanol and a bottoms composition of 2
mol % ethanol are desired. The external reflux ratio is 5/3.
The reflux is returned as a saturated liquid.

Find the optimum feed plate location and the


total number of equilibrium stages required. Pressure is
101.325 kPa.

Solve this problem by graphical method :

Ponchon-Savarit method
SOLUTION

DETERMINE??? C The reflux is returned


Feed plate location as a saturated liquid
No. of stages (n)
D
Setting up first the
1 atm Txhe
D = 80% mol
distillate
composition
(ETOH)is:
diagram for Distillation
Lo 5
F R= =
D 3

xFG=iven
20%themolfollowing
(ETOH)
xocompositions
= 1000 kmols and / hr
conditions of the
Tfeed
= 26.7oC B
R TXhe
B = 2% mol
bottoms
(ETOH)is:
composition
Equilibrium Data for ethanol-water system at 1 atm
(mole fraction ethanol)
X Y
0 0 Using the given Data, we can now
0.00792 0.08507 illustrate the relationship of water and
0.02018 0.19146 ethanol using Ponchon-Savarit and
0.04167 0.30361 MacCabe-Thiele method.
0.08911 0.42733
Liquid Vapor
0.14362 0.49293
X Enthalpy Enthalpy
0.2069 0.53472
  (Btu/mol mixture) (Btu/mol mixture)
0.28125 0.56849
0 3241.8 20700
0.36986 0.60131
0.04167 3062.83 20738.3
0.47727 0.64375
0.61017 0.69935 0.14362 2972.87 20766.1
0.77885 0.80219 0.28125 3180.04 20803.5
0.85976 0.86404 0.47727 3484.5 20825.5
0.90377 0.9015 0.77885 3845.42 20938.8
0.95043 0.94564 1 4094 21045
1 1
First, making use of Ponchon-Savarit Graphical
method in determining the feed plate location and
the number of stages.
ΔD
Using the
Lo reflux
5 Ratio
ΔD we
- Hcan
R= = =
now determine
D 3 ΔD H - h
Lo
Lo 5 ΔD - 21,000
= =
H D 3 21,000- 2000
V

D
ΔD = 52,666.67 Btu/ lbmol
h
Lo
Therefore from the graph we can now determine
the feed plate location and the no of equilibrium
stages:

Feed plate location = 12.7


Total no of equilibrium stages = 14.1
ΔD

No. of Tie line:


V Saturated Vapor Curve (H)

14.1
14
13
12
11
10
1
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2

L Saturated Liquid Curve (h)


F
0

ΔB

XB XF XD

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