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Acceptance Sampling

The sampling plan is: N = Lot size n = 99 c = 4 Reject the lot if more than 4 defects are found in the sample of 99 units. Otherwise, accept the lot.

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Paras Thakur
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452 views35 pages

Acceptance Sampling

The sampling plan is: N = Lot size n = 99 c = 4 Reject the lot if more than 4 defects are found in the sample of 99 units. Otherwise, accept the lot.

Uploaded by

Paras Thakur
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Forms of Statistical

Sampling for Quality Control


Sampling to accept or reject the
immediate lot of product at hand
(Acceptance Sampling).

Sampling to determine if the process


is within acceptable limits
(Statistical Process Control)
Acceptance Sampling
• Purposes
– Determine quality level
– Ensure quality is within predetermined level
• Advantages
– Economy
– Less handling damage
– Fewer inspectors
– Upgrading of the inspection job
– Applicability to destructive testing
– Entire lot rejection (motivation for improvement)
Statistical Sampling--Data
• Attribute (Go no-go information)
– Defectives--refers to the acceptability of product
across a range of characteristics.
– Defects--refers to the number of defects per unit--
may be higher than the number of defectives.

• Variable (Continuous)
– Usually measured by the mean and the standard
deviation.
Acceptance Sampling--Single
Sampling Plan
A simple goal

Determine (1) how many units, n, to


sample from a lot of size N and
(2) the maximum number of defective
items, c, that can be found in the
sample before the lot is rejected.
DESIGNING THE PLAN
• Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) = Max.
acceptable percentage of defectives defined by
producer.
• α (Producer’s risk) = The probability of
rejecting a good lot.
• Limiting Quality Level (LQL) = Lot Tolerance
Percent Defective (LTPD) = Percentage of
defectives that defines consumer’s rejection
point.
• Β (Consumer’s risk) =The probability of
accepting a bad lot.
Operating Characteristic Curve
1
0.9 α
Probability of acceptance

= .05 (producer’s risk)


0.8
0.7 n = 99
0.6 c=4
0.5
0.4
0.3 Β =.10
0.2 (consumer’s risk)
0.1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
AQL LTPD
Percent defective
The OC Curve
• Why is OC Curve So Important?
• It Provides Trade-Offs between, N, n, c,
AQL, α , LTPD, and Β .
• The Resulting OC Curve should achieve the
desired characteristics for producer and
consumer.
• Study the previous OC Curve or Fig. 10-2
versus the Ideal of Figure 10-1.
Example: Acceptance Sampling
A manufacturer of computers, PH Electronics purchases
motherboards from a vendor, HAL Inc.. HAL has set an
acceptable quality level of 1% and accepts a 5% risk of
rejecting lots at or below this level. PH Electronics
considers lots with 3% defectives to be unacceptable and
will assume a 10% risk of accepting a defective lot.

Develop a sampling plan for PH and determine a rule to


be followed by the receiving inspection personnel.
DESIGN THE PLAN
For this example, determine

AQL =

α =

LTPD =

Β =
DESIGN THE PLAN
To achieve the design of the plan AQL, α ,
LTPD, and Β , specify:

N = Lot Size, n = Sample Size, c = Acceptance #

ANSI/ASQC, ISO, AND Military Standards


exist to define the desired plan.

I.E., after Defining AQL, α , LTPD, and Β , go


to these standards for n and c.

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