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Different Programming Languages

The document discusses several different programming languages: - Functional programming languages focus on function return values and avoid side effects and state changes. Procedural languages execute a sequence of statements to produce a result and can control and modify variables. Object-oriented languages model the world as collections of interacting objects. - Scripting languages are often procedural or object-oriented but are not suited for large systems due to lack of features like type checking. Logic programming languages allow declarative statements and reasoning about their consequences rather than specifying how to do something. - Popular languages discussed include C, C++, Java, Perl, PHP, Lisp, Scheme, Pascal, Fortran, and Visual Basic. Key differences between languages involve

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138 views

Different Programming Languages

The document discusses several different programming languages: - Functional programming languages focus on function return values and avoid side effects and state changes. Procedural languages execute a sequence of statements to produce a result and can control and modify variables. Object-oriented languages model the world as collections of interacting objects. - Scripting languages are often procedural or object-oriented but are not suited for large systems due to lack of features like type checking. Logic programming languages allow declarative statements and reasoning about their consequences rather than specifying how to do something. - Popular languages discussed include C, C++, Java, Perl, PHP, Lisp, Scheme, Pascal, Fortran, and Visual Basic. Key differences between languages involve

Uploaded by

shartendu
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Different programming

languages

Functional programming language

Functional programming language


typically uses stored data, frequently
avoiding loops in favor of recursive
functions. The functional
programings primary focus is on the
return values of functions, and side
effects and different suggests that
storing state are powerfully
discouraged.

Procedural Programming Language

The procedural programming language is used to execute a


sequence of statements which lead to a result. Typically,
this type of programming language uses multiple variables,
heavy loops and other elements, which separates them
from functional programming languages. Functions of
procedural language may control variables, other than
functions value returns. For example, printing out
information.

Object oriented Programming


Language

This programming language views the world as a group of


objects that have internal data and external accessing parts
of that data. The aim this programming language is to
think about the fault by separating it into a collection of
objects that offer services which can be used to solve a
specific problem. One of the main principle of object
oriented programming language is encapsulation that
everything an object will need must be inside of the object.
This language also emphasizes reusability through
inheritance and the capacity to spread current
implementations without having to change a great deal of
code by using polymorphism.

Scripting Programming Language


These programming languages are often
procedural and may comprise object-oriented
language elements, but they fall into their own
category as they are normally not full-fledged
programming languages with support for
development of large systems. For example, they
may not have compile-time type checking.
Usually, these languages require tiny syntax to
get started.

Logic Programming Language

These types of languages let programmers make


declarative statements and then allow the machine to
reason about the consequences of those statements. In a
sense, this language doesnt tell the computer how to do
something, but employing restrictions on what it must
consider doing.
To call these groups types of language is really a bit
confusing. Its easy to program in an object-oriented style in
C language. In truth, most of the languages include ideas
and features from various domains, which only helps to
increase the usefulness of these types of languages.
Nevertheless, most of the programming languages do not
best in all styles of programming.

The Difference Between Different Programming


Languages

C++ Language
The C++ language has an object oriented
structure which is used in large projects.
Programmers can collaborate one program into
different parts or even one individual work on
each part of the program. The structure of object
oriented also permit code to be reused many
times.This language is an efficient language. But,
many programmers will disagree

C Language
The C language is a basic programming language
and it is a very popular language, particularly
used in game programming, Because C language
includes the additional packing of the C++, Every
programmer uses this language because it makes
programs faster . However the value of this
language gives the reusability of C++ to get the
slight increase in performance with C language.

Pascal Language
Pascal language is mostly a teaching language
and few industries uses this language to write the
programs. This language tends to use keywords
instead of symbols and braces in C language. So
this language is very easy for beginners to
understand than a programming language like C,
C++. Borland is a compiler software company,
which is using Delphi programming language for
industrial strength. Delphi is an object oriented
language of Pascal, and presently Borland
compilers only use it.

Fortran Language
Fortran language is a number crunching language
and still it is used by scientists. This language
allows different sizes of variables up to the
memory limit in the machine. This language is
suitable for engineers, who have to calculate
values with high precision. Program in Fortran is
inflexible and sometimes it makes difficult to
read.

Java Language
The Java language is a multi platform language thats
particularly helpful in networking. Of course, mostly
this language is used on the web with Java applets.
However, this language is used to design cross
platform programs, Since it similar to C++ in
structure and syntax. For C++ programmers, Java
language is very easy to learn and it offers some
advantages provided by object oriented
programming. Like reusability and it can be difficult to
write efficient code in Java. But, nowadays the speed
of the Java language has increased and 1.5 version
offers some good features for easy program making.

Perl Language

Perl language is a file management language for UNIX. But


it is more popular for its common gateway interface
programming (CGI). It is a term for programs that web
servers can perform to allow additional capabilities of web
pages. Pearl language is a method for searching text and it
is used for useful server functions and other databases, and
it is very easy to pick up the fundamentals if you have any
experience in any language. As a CGi language, web
hosting services select Perl language over C++ language.
Because, the web hosts can review Perl script files. Since
they are text files, when C++ is compiled.

PHP Language
The PHP language is used to design web pages
and sometimes it is also used as scripting
language. This language is designed to develop a
rapid website, and as a result comprises features
which make it easy generate HTTP headers and
link to databases. As a scripting language, it
includes aset of componentspermit the
programmer to easily get up to speed. However,
it has more sophisticated object oriented
features.

LISP Language
LISP language is mostly used in computer
science research and it stores all data in
lists such as arrays. The syntax of list is
very simple and easy to make for
developers to implement structures.

Scheme Language
The scheme language is an alternate of LISP
language, and it has a simpler syntax and
features. Any project under the scheme language
will result in the re implementation of most of the
LISP language. But, this is very popular
introductory language in the computer science
department of MITs. This language easily solves
the problems instead of worrying about syntaxes
of programming language.

Difference between c and c++

C++

1.C is Procedural Language.

1.C++ is non Procedural i.e


Object oriented Language.

2.No virtual Functions are present 2.The concept of virtual Functions


in C
are used in C++.
3.In C, Polymorphism is not
possible.

3.The concept of polymorphism is


used in C++.
Polymorphism is the most
Important Feature of OOPS.

4.Operator overloading is not


possible in C.

4.Operator overloading is one of


the greatest Feature of C++.

5.Top down approach is used in


Program Design.

5.Bottom up approach adopted in


Program Design.

Difference Between Visual basics


and Java

Visual Basic (VB) is a third-generation event driven


programming language and associated development
environment from Microsoft for its COM programming
model. Visual Basic was derived from BASIC and enables the
rapid application development (RAD) of graphical user
interface (GUI) applications, access to databases using DAO,
RDO, or ADO, and creation of ActiveX controls and objects.

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