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2.1 Quadratics Notes

The document provides objectives and instructions for writing and graphing quadratic functions. It defines the key parts of a quadratic function in vertex form as y = a(x-h)2 + k, where (h,k) represents the vertex. Examples are given for writing quadratic equations from graphs by finding the vertex and another point, as well as converting between standard and vertex form using the technique of completing the square. The objectives are to be able to graph and write quadratic functions in different forms.

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127 views15 pages

2.1 Quadratics Notes

The document provides objectives and instructions for writing and graphing quadratic functions. It defines the key parts of a quadratic function in vertex form as y = a(x-h)2 + k, where (h,k) represents the vertex. Examples are given for writing quadratic equations from graphs by finding the vertex and another point, as well as converting between standard and vertex form using the technique of completing the square. The objectives are to be able to graph and write quadratic functions in different forms.

Uploaded by

Helen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.

Quadratic Functions

OBJECTIVES
SWBAT:
1) write a quadratic function given two points
2) Graph a quadratic function by finding the
vertex and intercepts
3) Convert a quadratic function from standard
form into vertex form
Lanugage Objective:
SWBAT write in complete sentences what the parts
of the vertex represent for a given word problem.

The parent function for quadratics is y = x2. This means


that all other quadratics are some variation of this basic
equation.
The vertex form of a quadratic is:

y a ( x h) 2 k

a0

In this equation the vertex is at (h,k)


Ex: State the vertex of the following quadratic:

y 3( x 5) 2
2

vertex is (5,2)

y a ( x h) 2 k

Given the following graph, write a quadratic equation in


vertex form.
2

y a ( x h) k
y a ( x 1) 2 2

0 a (2 1) 2 2
0 a(1) 2 2
Note: The vertex is at
(1,2) and the point (2,0)
is also on the graph.

0 1a 2
2 1a
2 a

y 2( x 1) 2
2

Plug in the
extra point
for x and y

y a ( x h) 2 k

Given the following graph, write a quadratic equation in


vertex form.
2

y a ( x h) k

y a ( x 2) 2 0
2 a(3 2) 2 0
2 a (1) 2
Note: The vertex is at
(2,0) and the point (3,2)
is also on the graph.

2 1a
2a

y 2( x 2) 0
2

Plug in the
extra point
for x and y

Many quadratics are not given to us in vertex form, but


instead in standard form:

y ax bx c
2

Ex: Write an equation for a quadratic that has x-intercepts


at 4 and 8.

x int : (4,0) and (8,0)

y ( x 4)( x 8)
2
y x 4 x 8 x 32
y x 12 x 32
2

x-ints written as factors


FOIL / Distribute

Combine like terms

y ax bx c
2

Now, if you are given this form you must be able to sketch
graphs.
To sketch a parabola you NEED at least the vertex,
x-intercepts, and y-intercept to graph it accurately.

To find the vertex:

b
x
2a
y plug in x from above to original equation

To find the x-intercepts: FACTOR = 0


To find the y-intercept: plug in 0 for x and solve!

Ex: Sketch the graph after finding all necessary points:

y x 2x 1
2

Vertex:

2
2

2(1)
2

So, vertex is at (-1,0)

y (1) 2 2(1) 1 0
X-intercepts are -1 and -1
(dont need to write the same
one twice)

X-intercepts:

( x 1)( x 1)

y-intercepts:

y (0) 2 2(0) 1 1 So, y-int at 1


Now we can sketch the graph

So, vertex is at (-1,0)

X-intercepts are -1

So, y-int at 1

Just plot the vertex and intercepts then


connect the dots!

Ex: Sketch the graph after finding all necessary points:

y x 12 x 20
2

Vertex:

12 12

2(1)
2

So, vertex is at (-6,-16)

y (6) 2 12(6) 20 16
X-intercepts:

y-intercepts:

( x 10)( x 2)

X-intercepts are -10 and -2

y (0) 2 12(0) 20 20 So, y-int at 20


Now we can sketch the graph

So, vertex is at (-6,-16) X-intercepts are -10,-2 So, y-int at 20

Just plot the vertex and intercepts then


connect the dots!

Ex: Just find the x-intercepts for this one for practice!

y x 10 x 19
2

Since this does not factor nicely, we have to use the


quadratic formula

b b 4ac
x
2a
2

10 10 2 4(1)(19)
x
2(1)
10 24
10 2 6
x

2
2

5 6

To graph these, put them in the calc to get a decimal


approx: xs = -2.5 and -7.4

The profit P (in dollars) for Ahmads record business is

P .0002 x 140 x 250,000


2

where x is the number of songs sold on iTunes.


How many songs will he have to sell to yield a maximum profit?
** maximum is the same as the vertex**

140
140
x

2(.0002)
.0004

350,000

So Ahmad would have to sell 350,000 songs to make the


maximum possible profit.
What is his maximum possible profit?

P .0002(350,000) 140(350,000) 250,000


P $24,250,000..... yikes! Don' t forget
favorite math teacher when you ' re famous!
2

The last thing you need to be able to do is covert from


standard to vertex form.
In order to do this we have to complete the square
Ex: Put the following into vertex form: y 2 x 2 8 x 7

y 2x 8x 7
2
y 7 2 x 8x
2

Move non x to other side

y 7 2( x 4 x)
2

Factor out the front number

4 )
y 7 ___
8 2( x 4 x ___
2

4 2 2, 2 2

y 7 8 2( x 4 x 4 )
2

y 1 2( x 2)

y 2( x 2) 1
2

Set up to complete a perfect square

Distribute the 2 before adding


To the other side.

Simply left, factor the right


Get y by itself again to finish!

Ex 2 : y x 6 x 8
2

y x 6x 8
2
y 8 x 6x
2

y 8 1( x 6 x)
2

Move non x to other side


Factor out the front number

y 8 ___ 1( x 6 x ___ )
2

6 2 3, (3) 2

y 8 9 1( x 6 x 9 )
2

y 1 1( x 3)

y 1( x 3) 1
2

Simply left, factor the right


Get y by itself again to finish!

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