Scribd
Upload
47 views19 pages

Fuzzy PH Control 2

The document describes fuzzy logic based pH control of a neutralization process. It discusses modeling the dynamic pH neutralization process and designing a fuzzy logic controller and PID controller. Performance comparisons show the fuzzy logic controller performs better for servo operations with a lower mean ISE. The fuzzy logic controller response is also examined for regulatory and servo operations with disturbances. In conclusion, the fuzzy logic controller is found to satisfactorily control pH for both operations and outperforms the PID controller for servo control.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Ibnul Hossain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
47 views19 pages

Fuzzy PH Control 2

The document describes fuzzy logic based pH control of a neutralization process. It discusses modeling the dynamic pH neutralization process and designing a fuzzy logic controller and PID controller. Performance comparisons show the fuzzy logic controller performs better for servo operations with a lower mean ISE. The fuzzy logic controller response is also examined for regulatory and servo operations with disturbances. In conclusion, the fuzzy logic controller is found to satisfactorily control pH for both operations and outperforms the PID controller for servo control.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Ibnul Hossain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Fuzzy Logic based pH Control of a

Neutralization Process

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

I. INTRODUCTION
pH control is an indispensible part of water treatment system of many
industrial plants like wastewater treatment, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals,
and chemical processing.
pH control of a neutralization process is recognized as a benchmark for
modeling and control of highly nonlinear chemical processes.
Development of the first-principle based dynamic modeling of pH
neutralization process involves material balance on selective ions, equilibrium
constants and electroneutrality equations.

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

Many different and practical approaches for pH control based on


Feedforward and Gain Scheduling techniques have been proposed in the
literature.

Fuzzy logic based intelligent control can be described as a control


approach that is used to synthesize linguistic control rules of a skilled
operator.

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

II. DYNAMIC MODELING OF NEUTRALIZATION


SYSTEM
A. Neutralization system

Armfield multifunctional process control

Schematic of neutralization system

teaching system (PCT40) and its accessories


(PCT41 and PCT41)
01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

Schematic of neutralization system

Flow characteristics of pump A and pump B


01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

B. Dynamic modeling of pH Neutralization Process

V = the volume of the CSTR


Ca, Fa = the concentration and flow rate of feed A
Cb, Fb = the concentration and flow rate of feed B
Fa + Fb = the flow rate of effluent stream
xa = the concentration of acid component (Cl-) in
the effluent stream
xb = the concentration of base component (Na+) in
the effluent stream

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

1
Ca

Fa*Ca/V

V = 1.95 L, Ca = 0.0487 mol/L, Fa = 0 to

1
s
(Fa*Ca/V)-(Fa+Fb)*Xa/V

Xa

6.229 mL/s (step change at 241 seconds),

Fa
Fa+Fb

3
V

Cb = 0.0285 mol/L, and Fb = 6.229 to 0

(Fa+Fb)*Xa/V

4
Cb

Fb*Cb/V

5
Fb

mL/s (step change at 151 seconds).

1
s
(Fb*Cb/V)-(Fa+Fb)*Xb/V

X=(Xa-Xb)
Xb

(Fa+Fb)*Xb/V

0.5

Gain
u2
X^2

sqrt

[H+]

u
1/[H+]

log10

log (1/[H+])

pH

[(X^2)/4+Kw]^0.5
0.25
Gain1

(X^2)/4+Kw

1e-14
Kw

Dynamic pH neutralization process

pH titration curve

model for strong acid-strong base


01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

III. DESIGN OF THE CONVENTIONAL PID


CONTROLLER
At the point of sustained oscillations: pH set
point = 7; KCU = 166.67; TIU = TDU = 0; Fa = 0
to 6.229 mL/s; Fb = 1.682 mL/s.

Direct-action PID control of


pH neutralization process
01/10/16

Flow rate variations of feed A for


ultimate-gain method
PMI Noida - 2011

Optimized parameter values for PID control:


KC = (y/3) =10; TI = (t) = 30 sec; TD = (t/6) = 5 sec.
where y is the peak to peak pH variation between the highest value of the overshoot and the
lowest value of the undershoot and t is the time between these two values.

pH variations for ultimate-gain method


01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

IV. DESIGN OF THE FUZZY LOGIC BASED


CONTROLLER

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

10

The input variables used for the fuzzy logic based controllers are

- Error, e(t) = (pHSPpH)


- The universe of discourse
(UOD) for e(t) : [-4, 4] pH
units

- Change in error, ce(t) =


[e(t) - e(t-1)]
- The UOD for ce(t) : [-0.5,
0.5] pH units

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

11

The output variable represents the change of flow rate of feed A.


The change in output, cu(t) = [u(t) - u(t-1)]
The UOD for cu(t) : [-0.28, 0.28]*10-5 L/s

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

12

Fuzzy logic based pH control

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

13

V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS


A. Performance comparison of controllers for servo control
For PID and fuzzy logic based controllers, the mean integral square error (ISE) are 0.0267
and 0.0018 pH unit respectively.

Response of PID controller


for step changes in set point
01/10/16

Response of fuzzy controller


for step changes in set point
PMI Noida - 2011

14

B. Fuzzy logic based controller response for regulatory


and servo operations
The flow rate of feed B is subjected to a periodic disturbance of amplitude 1% of the
nominal value.

The mean IES for the


regulatory operations is
0.1822 pH unit.

Response of fuzzy controller


for regulatory operation
01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

15

The mean IES for


the servo operations
is 0.0094 pH unit.

Response of fuzzy controller


for servo operations

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

16

VI. CONCLUSION

Based on mean ISE, it is concluded that the proposed fuzzy logic based controller
performs satisfactorily for both servo and regulatory operations.

Performance of FLC is found to be better than the PID controller for the servo
operations.

To improve the performance of the proposed fuzzy logic based controller, neural
network or genetic algorithm based optimization techniques can be used.

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

17

REFERENCES

[1] T.J. McAvoy, E. Hsu, and S. Lowenthals, Dynamics of pH in controlled stirred tank reactor, Ind. Eng. Chem.
Process Des. Develop., vol. 11, Jan. 1972, pp. 68-70.
[2] T.K. Gustafsson and K.V. Waller, Dynamic modeling and reaction invariant control of pH, Chemical Engineering
Science, vol. 38, Mar. 1983, pp. 389-398.
[3] R.A. Wright and C. Kravaris, Nonlinear control of pH processes using strong acid equivalent, Ind. Eng. Chem.
Process Des. Develop., vol. 30, Jul. 1991, pp. 1561-1572.
[4] J.-P. Corriou, Process Control: Theory and Applications. New Delhi: Springer (India), 2008, pp. 153157.
[5] F.G. Shinskey, Process-Control Systems: Application, Design, Adjustment. McGraw-Hill, 1967, pp. 275-282.
[6] E.H. Mamdani, Application of fuzzy logic to approximate reasoning using linguistic synthesis, IEEE Trans.
Computers, vol. C-26, pp. 1182-1191, Dec. 1977.
[7] T. Takagi and M. Sugeno, Fuzzy identification of systems and its applications to modeling and control, IEEE Trans.
Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. SMC-15, pp. 116-132, Jan.-Feb. 1985.
[8] PCT40 datasheet, Armfield Ltd., Hampshire, England, 2008.
[9] Instruments Engineers Handbook: Process Control and Optimization, 4th ed., CRC press, B.G. Liptak, Florida,
USA, 2006, pp. 2045-2047.
[10] E.H. Mamdani and S. Assilian, An experiment in linguistic synthesis with a fuzzy logic controller, Int. J. ManMachine Studies, vol. 7, pp. 1-13, Jan. 1975.
[12] S. Bhanot, Process Control: Principles and Applications. New Delhi: Oxford (India), 2008, pp. 424-427.
01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

18

Thank you

01/10/16

PMI Noida - 2011

19

You might also like