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Components & Elements of Built Structure

The document discusses the key components and elements of built structures. It divides them into two categories: structural and non-structural. Structural elements include the foundation, columns, beams, slabs, floors, lintels, arches, and plinth level as they are load-bearing and provide stability. Non-structural elements include walls, fenestrations like doors and windows, steps, stairs, and ladders. Foundations come in different types like shallow and deep, depending on the building type, and transfer load from the building to the soil.

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267 views42 pages

Components & Elements of Built Structure

The document discusses the key components and elements of built structures. It divides them into two categories: structural and non-structural. Structural elements include the foundation, columns, beams, slabs, floors, lintels, arches, and plinth level as they are load-bearing and provide stability. Non-structural elements include walls, fenestrations like doors and windows, steps, stairs, and ladders. Foundations come in different types like shallow and deep, depending on the building type, and transfer load from the building to the soil.

Uploaded by

purva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Components & Elements

of Built Structure

Components and elements of


building are divided in two parts

Structural

Non structural

Components and elements of building Structural


These are main element of building .
No one should disturb any one of
them or the structure will be
destroyed.

Foundation Foundation is the lowermost part of building .


It takes up the load of entire building and
transfer it to the soil below it.
Thus it distribute the load to the large area.
Avoiding settlement or failure of building.
It also support building.
It give stability to structure against various
forces like wind ,rain.

Two types of foundation Shallow foundation:


This foundation is done at medium level
below the ground. it is used for load bearing
structure.
e.g. old houses in village.
Deep foundation:
This type of the foundation is done at very
deep level below the ground. it is used for framed
structure.
e.g. multi storey building.

Sloped foundation and Stepped foundation:

Footings It is a kind of foundation in this sufficient area of


contact with soil is provided around each column
,when good quality of soil is available at shallow
depth.
Provide stability to foundation.

ColumnsIt is the vertical member of the building supporting


the beams.

Beams It is a horizontal member supporting the


slab

SlabIt is flat ceiling of a storey

Plinth Level This is the portion provided just above the


foundation
The difference between ground level and the
first flooring of the building is called plinth level
It secure the building from rain water coming
inside.
The height of the plinth should be 0.6m to 0.8m.

Floors Floor system are the horizontal planes that


must support both
live load- people, furnishing and moving
equipments
Dead load- the weight of construction itself.

Lintels A lintel is a horizontal member which is

placed across an opening to support the


portion of the structure above it.
The function of lintel is just the same as
that of beam or an arch They are easy in
construction.
The ends of lintel are built into masonry
and thus the load carried by lintels is
transferred to the masonry.

Wooden lintel
Stone lintel

Steel lintel

Decorative lintel

Arch An arch may be define as mechanical


arrangement of wedge shaped blocks of
stones or brick mutually supporting each
other & supported at the end by piers or
abutments like lintels .Function of arch is
to carry the weight of the structure above
the opening.

Non structural elements Walls.


Fenestrations (Door, Windows, Ventilator,
openings)
Steps.
Stairs.
Ladders.

Walls Walls are vertical


constructions of
a building that
enclose,
separate and
protect its interior
spaces.

Fenestrations

Door
Windows
Ventilators
openings

Door Doors and doorways access from the outside


into the interior of building as well as passage
between interior space.

Windows Windows provides access for air, light from


outside into the interior of building. they provide
ventilation also.

ventilators

StepStep consist of one vertical part called riser


and horizontal part called tread.

StaircaseIt is series of steps.


It take up from one floor to another floor.

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