Assignment 2

PAR301-SMART BUILDINGS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS

OPERATING STRATEGIES
V.Manimegalai, M.Arch(General), II year, 1423008
A Strategic Approach to integrated building design is the key to achieving

high-energy savings at low or no extra capital cost in
buildings. Energy efficient buildings can be achieved through a holistic
design with energy efficient technologies and intelligent building
management.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES
Energy efficiency is a measure of energy used for delivering a given

service. Improving energy efficiency means getting more from the
energy
that we use.
There are different ways to improve
energy efficiency. For example:
Innovation can lead to the equal or
greater output with less energy.
Cutting out wasted energy reduces
energy needed while maintaining
output.
Why now?
There are good reasons to set the direction on improving energy efficiency
finding ways to do more (or the same) with less makes economic sense;
it can help households and businesses reduce their energy bills at a time of increasing
energy prices;
many energy efficiency improvement schemes are approaching implementation and we
need to clearly set out the linkages and the collective ambition;
we need to be clear as to the role of demand side management as our electricity
UNDERSTANDING
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
generation market is reformed;
and

Energy efficiency in buildings is crucial for sustainable
development, mitigating climate change and limiting
resource use and a low-risk worldwide energy system.
Approximately 40% of global

final energy demand and one
third of the energy-related
CO2 emissions are related to
buildings (IEA 2008). Early
and comprehensive use of
energy efficient design and
technology can substantially
reduce both energy usage and
emissions.
THE STEPS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY THROUGH A STRATEGIC APPROACH

In the short-term, the Easy Efficiency Approach should be regarded as the minimum target.
It focuses on low-cost options, mainly passive options. Although it can already significantly reduce
energy consumption, this first step will not be sufficient to reach long-term climate
protection goals. It is thus necessary to implement and support an Advanced Efficiency Approach at
the earliest to avoid lock-in effects, which result in new, inefficient houses continuing in use for
decades because of long building lifetimes.
Improving energy efficiency in the Easy Efficiency Approach can reduce primary energy demand
for cooling, heating, ventilation and domestic hot water by 40 to 60% to achieve a Low-Energy
Building.
Improvements in the Advanced Efficiency Approach can reduce primary energy demand by up to
90% to achieve an Ultra-Low-Energy Building.
Further improvements, especially through the use of renewable energies reduce the primary
energy demand to nearly 0% or even beyond achieving a (nearly) Zero-Energy Building or a net
REDUCE,
SELECT,
OPTIMISE: AN INTEGRATED DESIGN PROCESS.
energy producer
Plus-Energy
Buildings.

To effectively reach these goals of energy efficiency in buildings, a
holistic package with a strategic approach is needed to reach to high
energy savings at low or no extra cost buildings.
The Strategic Approach follows the premise of first implementing
load-reducing Passive Options for building design, followed by
energy-efficient Active Options for thermal conditioning and
ventilation as needed and then fine-tuning building operation
through User Behaviour and Energy Management.
This integrated three-step process can reduce the primary energy
demand of a building to low or even ultra-low levels. Adding onsite renewable energy technologies for heating and cooling can turn
the primary energy balance of a building to the positive side, with
the building becoming a net producer of energy over the year.
REDUCE, SELECT, OPTIMISE: AN INTEGRATED DESIGN PROCESS.

Use a team approach
Establish and commit to an energy policy
Improving energy efficiency across an entire
portfolio.
Using life-cycle cost analysis
Purchasing energy-efficient products
Ensuring energy efficiency is a key component of
green building programs
Tracking results of energy efficiency initiatives
Use available, standardized tools for baseline
energy consumption assessments
Benchmark buildings
Conduct technical assessments and audits
Consider potential savings
Determine appropriate scope
Develop whole building energy performance targets
Use a staged approach to identify technical
measures for improving energy efficiency.
Secure necessary funding
Establish and Maintain a Tracking System
Evaluate Progress
RECOGNIZE SUCCESS
REDUCE, SELECT, OPTIMISE: AN INTEGRATED DESIGN PROCESS.
STRATEGY IMPLEMENTING INSTRUMENTS

BEST PRACTICE 1:
GOALS
INCORPORATE GOALS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING OPERATION INTO THE STRATEGIC
BUSINESS PLAN
BEST PRACTICE 2:
PLANNING
REQUIRE AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT PLAN WITH ENERGY-EFFICIENT OPERATION AS A PRIMARY
COMPONENT
BEST PRACTICE 3:
ENERGY ACCOUNTING
USE AN ENERGY ACCOUNTING SYSTEM TO LOCATE SAVINGS OPPORTUNITIES AND TO TRACK AND
MEASURE THE SUCCESS OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT STRATEGIES
BEST PRACTICE 4:
STAFFING
HIRE OR APPOINT AN ENERGY MANAGER
BEST PRACTICE 5:
TRAINING
TRAIN BUILDING OPERATORS IN ENERGY-EFFICIENT O&M ACTIVITIES
BEST PRACTICE 6:
OUTSOURCING
REQUIRE SERVICE CONTRACTS THAT SUPPORT ENERGY-EFFICIENT BUILDING OPERATION
BEST PRACTICE 7:
PARTNERSHIPS
THE 15PRONGED APPROACH IN STRATEGIES

BEST PRACTICE 8:
DOCUMENTATION
MAINTAIN CONTINUITY AND REDUCE TROUBLESHOOTING COSTS
BEST PRACTICE 9:
TOOLS
EQUIP O&M STAFF WITH STATE-OFTHE-ART DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS
BEST PRACTICE 10:
ASSESSMENTS
PERFORM A COMPREHENSIVE O&M SITE ASSESSMENT
BEST PRACTICE 11:
TUNE UPS
PERFORM O&M TUNE-UP ACTIONS
BEST PRACTICE 12:
AUTOMATIC CONTROLS
MAKE FULL USE OF AUTOMATIC CONTROLS TO OPTIMIZE EFFICIENT OPERATION
BEST PRACTICE 13:
SCHEDULING
OPERATE EQUIPMENT ONLY WHEN NEEDED
BEST PRACTICE 14:
TRACKING
TRACK ACTUAL PERFORMANCE AGAINST EXPECTED PERFORMANCE FOR MAJOR EQUIPMENT
BEST PRACTICE 15:
PREVENTIVE OPERATION & MAINTENANCE
REDEFINE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE TO INCLUDE ACTIVITIES CRITICALTO ENERGY-EFFICIENT BUILDING
OPERATION
THE 15PRONGED APPROACH IN STRATEGIES
CASE STUDY-KEN YEANG-BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN-SKYSCRAPER DESIGN
CASE STUDY-KEN YEANG-SKYSCRAPER DESIGN
CASE STUDY ROTATING TOWER IN DUBAI

Skyscrapers ability in sustain
itself matters just form the
breeze of wind.
As it turns out, if the wind
blows strong enough, it will
produce more energy than it
actually need. This is rotating
towers in Dubai, AE
This tower will be made up of
80 pre-fabricated apartments
rotating around a central
column, with the help of 79
giant wind turbines placed
between the floors.
The 420 meters-long building
will never look the same, not
once in a lifetime.
The wind turbines will produce
more than enough energy for the
whole building, the extra energy
will go back into the grid.

ADVANTAGES
Conclusion
Carbon sinks
As the realities and consequences of our
Pollution controller
wasteful
ways
and
highly
centralised
infrastructure become
Natural cooling
increasingly apparent, so the value of the
Microclimate control
wide-reaching benefits of more sustainable
Flood prevention
energy use becomes plain
Biodiversity enhancement
to see. We have massive potential for reliable

and cost-effective efficiency interventions
Habitat restoration
behaviour,
Energy consumption reduction
energy conservation that will reduce the unit
Improved economy
incentives
and
regulation
for
cost of energy and pollution, including our

contribution to climate change, while also
supporting provision of sustainable access to
BENEFITS OF INTEGRATED
DESIGN
energy services
for all.

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PAR301-SMART BUILDINGS

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS

V.Manimegalai, M.Arch(General), II year, 1423008

A Strategic Approach to integrated building design is the key to achieving

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

Energy efficiency is a measure of energy used for delivering a given

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

Approximately 40% of global

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

REDUCE, SELECT, OPTIMISE: AN INTEGRATED DESIGN PROCESS.

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

STRATEGY IMPLEMENTING INSTRUMENTS

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

THE 15PRONGED APPROACH IN STRATEGIES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

CASE STUDY-KEN YEANG-BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN-SKYSCRAPER DESIGN

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

CASE STUDY-KEN YEANG-SKYSCRAPER DESIGN

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

CASE STUDY-KEN YEANG-SKYSCRAPER DESIGN

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

CASE STUDY-KEN YEANG-SKYSCRAPER DESIGN

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

CASE STUDY-KEN YEANG-SKYSCRAPER DESIGN

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

CASE STUDY-KEN YEANG-SKYSCRAPER DESIGN

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

CASE STUDY ROTATING TOWER IN DUBAI

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

CASE STUDY ROTATING TOWER IN DUBAI

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS - OPERATING STRATEGIES

As the realities and consequences of our

increasingly apparent, so the value of the

wide-reaching benefits of more sustainable

energy use becomes plain

to see. We have massive potential for reliable

Energy consumption reduction

energy conservation that will reduce the unit

cost of energy and pollution, including our

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