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Prabhat Dayal 532/12 - (43) : Wireless Mobile Charging Using Microwaves

This document proposes a system for wirelessly charging mobile phones using microwaves. It describes a transmitter that uses a magnetron to generate microwaves and a slotted waveguide antenna to transmit them. The receiver would incorporate a rectenna (rectifying antenna) containing a Schottky diode to convert the microwaves to DC electricity. A sensor circuit would detect incoming call signals and trigger the rectenna to charge the phone during calls even while traveling. Advantages include wireless charging and continued power while communicating. Disadvantages include potential radiation effects and dependence on network coverage for charging. The system could provide charging anywhere without wired connections.

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71 views15 pages

Prabhat Dayal 532/12 - (43) : Wireless Mobile Charging Using Microwaves

This document proposes a system for wirelessly charging mobile phones using microwaves. It describes a transmitter that uses a magnetron to generate microwaves and a slotted waveguide antenna to transmit them. The receiver would incorporate a rectenna (rectifying antenna) containing a Schottky diode to convert the microwaves to DC electricity. A sensor circuit would detect incoming call signals and trigger the rectenna to charge the phone during calls even while traveling. Advantages include wireless charging and continued power while communicating. Disadvantages include potential radiation effects and dependence on network coverage for charging. The system could provide charging anywhere without wired connections.

Uploaded by

prabhatdayal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WIRELESS M OBILE CHARGING USING M ICROWAVES

Prabhat Dayal
532/12- (43)

INTRODUCTION
1.
What is a spectrum?
Ans: When white light is shone through a prism it is separated out into all the colors
of the rainbow, this is the visible spectrum. So white light is a mixture of all colors.
Black is not a color, it is what you get when all the light is taken away. Some
physicists pretend that light consists of tiny particles which they call photons. They
travel at the speed of light . The speed of light is about 300,000,000 m/s.
The visible spectrum is just one small part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
These electromagnetic waves are made up of to two parts. The first part is an electric
field and the second part is a magnetic field. So that is why they are called
electromagnetic waves. The two fields are at right angles to each other.
The "electromagnetic spectrum" of an object has a different meaning, and is
instead the characteristic distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed
by that particular object. The electromagnetic spectrum extends from below the low
frequencies used for modern radio communication to gamma radiation at the shortwavelength (high-frequency) end, thereby covering wavelengths from thousands of
kilometres down to a fraction of the size of an atom.

Fig.1.1. Electromagnetic Spectrum

Microwave Region
Microwave wavelengths range from approximately one millimeter to thirty
centimeters (about twelve inches).
Microwaves have wavelengths that can be measured in centimeters! The longer
microwaves, those closer to a foot in length, are the waves which heat our food in a
microwave oven.
Microwaves are good for transmitting information from one place to another
because microwave energy can penetrate haze, light rain and snow, clouds, and smoke.
Shorter microwaves are used in remote sensing. These microwaves are used for
clouds and smoke, these waves are good for viewing the Earth from space
Microwave waves are used in the communication industry and in the kitchen as a
way to cook foods. Microwave radiation is still associated with energy levels that are
usually considered harmless except for people with pace makers.

Fig.1.2 Microwave region of


electromagnetic spectrum

Table 1.1 Microwave spectrum

2. TRANSMITTER SECTION
The transmitter section consists of two parts. They are:
Magnetron
Slotted waveguide antenna
2.1 Magnetron
Magnetron is the combination of a simple diode vacuum tube with built in cavity
resonators and an extremely powerful permanent magnet.
The anode is usually made of copper and is connected to a high-voltage positive
direct current.
In the center of the anode, called the interaction chamber, is a circular cathode.
A magnetron, therefore, is an oscillator, not an amplifier. A takeoff loop in one
cavity provides the output

Fig.2.1 Magnetron

Fig 2.2 Slotted waveguide antenna

3. RECEIVER SECTION
The basic addition to the mobile phone is going to be the Rectenna.
A Rectenna is a rectifying antenna, a special type of antenna that is used to directly
convert microwave energy into DC electricity.
Its elements are usually arranged in a mesh pattern, giving it a distinct appearance
from most antennae. A simple Rectenna can be constructed from a Schottky diode placed
between antenna dipoles. The diode rectifies the current induced in the antenna by the
microwaves. Rectenna are highly efficient at converting microwave energy to electricity.

Fig 3.1.Block Diagram

3.1 Sensor Circuit


The sensor circuitry is a simple circuit, which detects if the mobile phone receives
any message signal. This is required, as the phone has to be charged as long as the user
is talking. Thus a simple F to V converter would serve our purpose.
In India the operating frequency of the mobile phone operators is generally
900MHz or 1800MHz for the GSM system for mobile communication. Thus the usage
of simple F to V converters would act as switches to trigger the Rectenna circuit to on.

Fig. 3.2 Block diagram for the LM2907

Fig. 3.3 LM2907 IC

3.2 Process of Rectification


Studies on various microwave power rectifier configurations show that a bridge
configuration is better than a single diode one. But the dimensions and the cost of that
kind of solution do not meet our objective. This study consists in designing and
simulating a single diode power rectifier in hybrid technology with improved
sensitivity at low power levels. We achieved good matching between simulation results
and measurements thanks to the optimization of the packaging of the Schottky diode.
This study is divided on two kinds of technologies. The first is the hybrid
technology and the second is the monolithic one.

Fig 3.4 Rectification

Fig 3.5 Rectenna Array

4. ADVANTAGES
Charging of mobile phone is done wirelessly.
We can saving time for charging mobiles.
Wastage of power is less.
Mobile get charged as we make call even during long journey.

5. DISADVANTAGES
Radiation problems may occur.
Network traffic may cause problems in charging.
Charging depends on network coverage.
Rate of charging may be of minute range.

6. APPLICATIONS
As the topics name itself this technology is used for Wireless charging
of mobile phones.

Fig.6.1.Mobile getting charged from mobile tower

7. CONCLUSION
Thus this paper successfully demonstrates a novel method of
using the power of microwave to charge mobile phones without
use of wired chargers. It provides great advantage to mobile
phone users to carry their phones anywhere even if the place is
devoid of facilities for charging. It has effect on human beings
similar to that from cell phones at present. The use of Rectenna
and sensor in mobile phone could provide new dimension in the
revolution of mobile power.

THANK YOU

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