Scribd
Upload
51 views15 pages

Gps - Glonass: - Used To Determine The Location of A User's Receiver Anywhere On Earth

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) use satellites to determine the location of receivers on Earth. The main GNSS systems are the US GPS, Russian Glonass, Chinese Beidou, and European Galileo. Each system uses a constellation of satellites in medium Earth orbit to transmit timing signals used by receivers to calculate their location.

Uploaded by

artiraha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
51 views15 pages

Gps - Glonass: - Used To Determine The Location of A User's Receiver Anywhere On Earth

Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) use satellites to determine the location of receivers on Earth. The main GNSS systems are the US GPS, Russian Glonass, Chinese Beidou, and European Galileo. Each system uses a constellation of satellites in medium Earth orbit to transmit timing signals used by receivers to calculate their location.

Uploaded by

artiraha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Global Navigation Satellite

System(GNSS)

Used to determine the location of a users receiver anywhere


on earth

GPS

US Department of Defense

Glonass

Russian Federation Department of Defense

Beidou 2 / Compass
Chinese system

Galileo

European initiative

Augmentation systems

WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, GAGAN

The Global Positioning System (GPS)


A satellite-based navigation system
N/W of 24 satellites placed into orbit
NAVSTAR, the official U.S. Department of
Defense name.
Approximately 12,000 miles above the
earth.
Powered by solar energy

The Global Positioning System (2)


Originally intended for military applications
Later became available for civilian use.
Works in any weather conditions
Works anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day
No subscription fees or setup charges to use
GPS

Some facts about Navstar


First GPS satellite launched in 1978
A full constellation of 24 satellites was achieved in
1994
Each satellite built to last about 10 years
Replacements are constantly being built and launched
into orbit.
A GPS satellite weighs approximately 2,000 pound
Transmitter power is only 50 watts or less

GPS Structure
Space segment
composed of the orbiting GPS satellites
Control segment

a master control station (MCS),


an alternate master control station,
four dedicated ground antennas and
six dedicated monitor stations

GPS Structure (2)


User segment
hundreds of thousands of U.S. and allied
military users of the secure GPS Precise
Positioning Service
tens of millions of civil, commercial and
scientific users of the Standard
Positioning Service
GPS receiver

How GPS works


GPS satellites circle the earth twice a
day in a very precise orbit
Transmit signal information to earth
GPS receivers take this information
Time difference b/w sending and
receiving tells the GPS receiver how
far away the satellite is

GPS Signals
Transmit two low power radio signals,
designated L1 and L2
Carrier
L1
L2
Frequency 1575.42 MHz
1227.60
MHz
Wavelength
19cm
24cm

Good vs Poor Satellite


Geometry

GPS Modernization(2)
Safety of Life (L5)

A civilian-use signal, broadcast on the L5


frequency (1176.45MHz)
Improves signal structure
Higher transmission power than L1 or L2C
Wider bandwidth

GPS Modernization(3)
New Civilian L1 (L1C)

A civilian-use signal, to be broadcast on


the same L1 frequency
New code on L1 frequency

Compatible with Legacy GPS,


Interoperable with Galileo
First GPS III launch planned 2013
Full constellation planned 2020

Beidou
Beidou-1 ( 4 sat )
Geostationary over China, 2 operational and 2
backups

Beidou-2 ( 35 sat )
Independent satellite navigation system, similar GPS
5 Geostationary
30 MEO satellites, global coverage

2 Levels of Service
Free in China, 10 m location-tracking accuracy
Military, more accurate and used for communication

Only 1 test satellite in orbit - launched 2007

Galileo
European Alternate to GPS
30 MEO satellites was originally scheduled to be
operational in 2010
First experimental satellite was launched on 28
December 2005
The receivers will be able to combine the signals
from both Galileo and GPS satellites to greatly
increase the accuracy
Expected to be in full service by 2020

GLONASS
Russian Global Navigation System
Based on a constellation of active
satellites which continuously
transmit coded signals in two
frequency bands
Consists of 21 satellites in 3 orbital
planes, with 3 on-orbit spares

GLONASS(2)
The system fell into disrepair with
the collapse of the Russian economy.
As of February 2011, the
constellation consists of 22
operational satellites

You might also like