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Term Paper IT-655

4G is the fourth generation of wireless networks that aims to provide transmission speeds from 100Mbps to 1Gbps through packet switched networks only. It utilizes technologies like OFDM, MIMO and adaptive radio interfaces to achieve high spectral efficiency and seamless connectivity across heterogeneous networks. 4G networks will support applications like HDTV, video chat, high speed data transfer and provide seamless global roaming, but their deployment faces limitations of high equipment costs and limited coverage in rural areas.

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390 views11 pages

Term Paper IT-655

4G is the fourth generation of wireless networks that aims to provide transmission speeds from 100Mbps to 1Gbps through packet switched networks only. It utilizes technologies like OFDM, MIMO and adaptive radio interfaces to achieve high spectral efficiency and seamless connectivity across heterogeneous networks. 4G networks will support applications like HDTV, video chat, high speed data transfer and provide seamless global roaming, but their deployment faces limitations of high equipment costs and limited coverage in rural areas.

Uploaded by

davidhenry001
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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4G

(Fourth Generation)
of Wireless
Networks
(Term Paper IT-655)

Guide- SUBMITTED BY-


Prof. B.V.R. REDDY NITIN JAIN
(DEAN) 02116404509
USIT, GGSIPU MCA – 1st sem
INTRODUCTION

• 4G (also known as Beyond 3G), an


abbreviation for Fourth-Generation, is a term
used to describe the next complete evolution in
wireless communications.
• The international telecommunications
regulatory and standardization bodies are
working for commercial deployment of 4G
networks roughly in the 2011-2015 time scale.
WIRELESS SYSTEM
EVOLUTION
• 1G
– Introduced in the early 1980s and completed in the
early 1990s
– Analog signals with the speeds up to 2.4kbps
– Voice was main traffic
• 2G
– Late 1980s and finished in the late 2000s
– Digital signals with the speeds up to 64kbps
– Voice transmission and SMS
• 3G
– Late 1990s to late 2000s
– Transmission speeds from 125kbps to 2Mbps
– Based on either circuit switching or packet switching

• 4G
– Starting from late 2000s
– Transmission speeds from 100Mbps to 1Gbps
– Only packet switched networks
OBJECTIVES
• A spectrally efficient system
• High network capacity: more simultaneous users per cell,
• Data Rate: A nominal data rate of 100 Mbit/s while the client
physically moves at high speeds relative to the station, and 1
Gbit/s while client and station are in relatively fixed positions,
• Smooth handoff across heterogeneous networks,
• Seamless connectivity and global roaming across multiple
networks,
• High quality of service for next generation multimedia
support (real time audio, high speed data, HDTV video
content, mobile TV, etc)
• Interoperability with existing wireless standards, and
• An all IP, packet switched network.
PRINCIPAL TECHNOLOGIES
• Baseband techniques
 OFDM: To exploit the frequency selective channel
property
 MIMO: To attain ultra high spectral efficiency
 Turbo principle: To minimize the required SNR at
the reception side
• Adaptive radio interface
• Modulation, spatial processing including multi-antenna
and multi-user MIMO
• Relaying, including fixed relay networks (FRNs), and
the cooperative relaying concept, known as multi-mode
protocol
4G HARDWARE
• Ultra Wide Band Networks
– works by emitting a series of short, low powered
electrical pulses that are not directed at one
particular frequency but rather are spread across
the entire spectrum

• Advanced Antenna Systems


– e.g. deploying multiple antennas at the transmitter
and at the receiver
4G SOFTWARES
• Software Defined Radio (SDR)
– It is a radio communication system where
components that have typically been implemented
in hardware are instead implemented using
software on a personal computer or other
embedded computing devices.
• Packets
– 4G will be based on packet switching only.
• IPv6
– IPv6 support is essential in order to support a large
number of wireless-enabled devices.
APPLICATIONS
• HDTV
• Video Chat
• High Speed Data Transfer
• Anytime Medical Assistance
• Seamless Connectivity & Global Roaming
• High Network Capacity
LIMITATIONS
• Cost - The equipments required to implement a
next-generation network are still very expensive.

• Operating Area - Rural areas and many buildings


in metropolitan areas are not being served well
by existing wireless networks. This limitation of
today’s networks will carryover into future
generations of wireless systems if care is not
taken properly.
THANKS

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