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    Hagia Sophia

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    mehtabhumikaa
    Hagia Sophia is one of the most famous churches in the world located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was originally constructed as an Eastern Orthodox church between 532-537 AD on the orders of Byzantine Emperor Justinian. The massive central dome, which remained the largest in the world for over 1000 years, exemplifies the epitome of Byzantine architecture. After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the church was converted into a mosque and various Islamic features were added. It served as a mosque until 1931 when it closed for renovations and reopened as a museum in 1935, its current use today.

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    Hagia Sophia

    Uploaded by

    mehtabhumikaa
    171 views13 pages
    Hagia Sophia is one of the most famous churches in the world located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was originally constructed as an Eastern Orthodox church between 532-537 AD on the orders of Byzantine Emperor Justinian. The massive central dome, which remained the largest in the world for over 1000 years, exemplifies the epitome of Byzantine architecture. After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the church was converted into a mosque and various Islamic features were added. It served as a mosque until 1931 when it closed for renovations and reopened as a museum in 1935, its current use today.

    Original Description:

    history of architecture

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    Hagia Sophia is one of the most famous churches in the world located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was originally constructed as an Eastern Orthodox church between 532-537 AD on the orders of Byzantine Emperor Justinian. The massive central dome, which remained the largest in the world for over 1000 years, exemplifies the epitome of Byzantine architecture. After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the church was converted into a mosque and various Islamic features were added. It served as a mosque until 1931 when it closed for renovations and reopened as a museum in 1935, its current use today.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    171 views13 pages

    Hagia Sophia

    Uploaded by

    mehtabhumikaa
    Hagia Sophia is one of the most famous churches in the world located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was originally constructed as an Eastern Orthodox church between 532-537 AD on the orders of Byzantine Emperor Justinian. The massive central dome, which remained the largest in the world for over 1000 years, exemplifies the epitome of Byzantine architecture. After the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople in 1453, the church was converted into a mosque and various Islamic features were added. It served as a mosque until 1931 when it closed for renovations and reopened as a museum in 1935, its current use today.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    HAGIA SOPHIA

    Introduction

    Hagia sophia is famous particular for its massive dome, it is considered the
    epitome of Byzantine architecture and is said to have "changed the history of
    architecture.
    It remained the world's largest cathedral for nearly a thousand years thereafter,
    until Seville Cathedral was completed in 1520.
    The current building was originally constructed as a church between 532 and
    537 on the orders of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian and was the third
    Church of the Holy Wisdom to occupy the site.
    It was designed by the Greek scientists Isidore of Miletus, a physicist,
    and Anthemius of Tralles, a mathematician.

    Convertion of church into mosque

    The church contained a large collection of holy relics and featured, among
    other things, a 15-metre (49 ft) silver iconostasis.
    In 1453, Constantinople was conquered by the Ottoman Turks under
    Sultan Mehmed II, who subsequently ordered the building converted into a
    mosque.
    The bells, altar, iconostasis, and sacrificial vessels were removed and many
    of the mosaics were plastered over. Islamic features such as
    the mihrab, minbar, and four minarets were added while in the
    possession of the Ottomans.
    It remained a mosque until 1931 when it was closed to the public for four
    years. It was re-opened in 1935 as a museum.

    Plan

    Length-82 m (269 ft)


    Width-73 m (240 ft)
    Height-55 m (180 ft)
    Beginning date-532
    Completion date-537; 1475 years
    ago

    Architecture

    Justinians Hagia Sophia is the one that stands today.


    It is an architectural intelligence and the first masterpiece in Byzantine
    architecture. It has been the largest cathedral for 1000 years until the Seville
    Cathedral was built.
    The church has a rectangular shape, and the square vast square nave measuring
    31m (102ft) is covered with a central dome that is carried on four pendentives.
    The arcade around the dome is unbroken with 40 arched windows to bring the
    light inside. Excluding the two narthexes and the large atrium, the basilica
    measures 70 x 75 m (229 x 245 ft) .
    The atrium measures 48 x 32 m (157 x 106 ft) and the total length of the
    construction measures 135 m (442 ft).
    The narthex outside at the eastern part of atrium is enclosed, and the inner narthex
    is entered by 5 doors, and from this inner narthex there are 9 doors to the nave.
    The accesses to upper galleries are provided by ramps, which are traditional
    feature of Constantinopolitan church planning.

    View of interior

    Architecture

    It is mostly the dome which makes Hagia Sophia world famous.


    The dome sits at the centre of the church. It is between two half domes
    which together equals to the diameters of the dome.
    The dome is built by brick and mortar, it is 31, 24 mt (102 ft 6 in)
    diameters and is 55, 6 mt (182 ft 5 in) high. Because of the several repairs
    and constructions in time, the dome lost its circular shape and the diameter
    became 31,24 mt (102 ft 6 in) to 30,86 mt (101 ft 3in)
    The dome is carried on four pendentives and these pendentives enable its
    transition into the square shape of its piers below. These pendentives
    distribute the weight of the dome to the walls under it.

    Detail

    Plan

    3D view

    3D view

    Details

    Material

    Wall-brick , stone
    Covering &
    ornamentationMarble , Glass
    mosaic ,Gold
    Mortar used for
    bonding is in the
    same proportion of
    thickness of brick.

    Use of natural light

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