WELCOME

TO
C-DOT MBM
09/30/15

GENERAL
C-DOT DSS MAX is a universal
digital switch which can be
configured for different
applications as local, transit, or
integrated local and transit switch.
High traffic/load handling capacity
upto 8,00,000 BHCA with
termination capacity of 40,000

BASIC BUILDING
MODULES

Base Module
Central Module
Administrative Module
Input Output Module

The Base Module (BM)

The basic growth unit of the system.
It interfaces the external world to the
switch.
The interfaces may be subscriber lines,
analogue and digital trunks.
Each Base Module can interface upto
2024 terminations.
It carries out majority of call processing
functions
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The Single Base Module

(SBM)
In Single Base Module (SBM) exchange

configuration, the Base Module acts as an

independent switching system and provides
connections to 1500 lines and 128 trunks.
In such a configuration, the Base Module
directly interfaces with the Input Output
Module .
It is a very useful application for small
urban and rural environments.
With minimum modifications in hardware a
Base Module(BM) can be remotely located
as a Remote Switch Unit (RSU), parented to
the main exchange using PCM links.
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Central Module (CM)

It consists of a message switch and a
space switch to provide inter-module
communication
It perform voice and data switching
between Base Modules.
It communicates with Administrative
Module for operation and maintenance
functions.
It also provides clock and
synchronisation on a centralised basis.
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Administrative Module
It support administration and
maintenance functions
It communicates with the Base
Module via the Central Module.
It supports the Input Output Module
for providing man- machine interface.
It also supports the Alarm Display
Panel for the audio-visual indication
of faults in the system.
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Input Output Module

(IOM)
It is a powerful duplex computer
system
It interfaces various secondary storage
devices like disk drives, cartridge tape
drive and floppy drive.
It supports printers and ports for
video display units which are used for
man- machine communication
interface.
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REMOTE SWITCH UNIT

The normal BM can be modified for
remoting with the host exchange
via 2 Mbps digital links.
The number of 2 Mbps links
between the Main Exchange and
RSU is primarily determined by the
traffic.
Operation
and
maintenance
functions are handled by the host
exchange.
A maximum 16 RSUs are possible in
C-DOT DSS MAX-XL and 8 RSUs in
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HARDWARE
ARCHITECTURE
09/30/15

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BASE MODULE (BM)

The subscribers may be individual or
grouped PBX lines, analog or digital
lines.
The trunks may be : 1 Two Wire Physical
2 E&M Four Wire
3 E&M Two Wire
4 Digital CAS or CCS.
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 BASE MODULE (BM)

The basic functions of a Base Module are
Analog to digital conversion of all signals
on analog lines and trunks
Interface to digital trunks
Switching the calls between terminals
connected to the same Base Module
Communication with the Administrative
Module via the Central Module for
administrative and maintenance functions
Provision of special circuits for call
processing support e.g. tones,
announcements, MF/DTMF
senders/receivers
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BASE MODULE (BM)

(Contd)
Analog Terminal Unit - to interface analog
lines/trunks, and providing special circuits as
conference, announcements and terminal tester.
Digital Terminal Unit - for interfacing digital trunks
i.e. 2Mbps E-1/PCM links
Signalling Unit Module - to support SS7 protocol
handlers and call processing functions for CCS7 calls.
ISDN Terminal Unit - to support termination of
BRI/PRI interfaces
Time Switch Unit - for voice and message
switching and provision of service circuits.
Base Processor Unit - for control message
communication and call processing functions.
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Analog Terminal Unit

(ATU)
The Analog Terminal Unit (ATU) is used for
interfacing 128 analog terminations which may be
lines or trunks.
It consists of terminal cards which may be a
combination of Line Circuit Cards (LCC), CCB with
Metering (CCM) cards, Two Wire Trunk (TWT) cards,
E&M Two wire (EMT) Trunk cards and E&M Four wire
(EMF) trunk cards
provision to equip Conference (CNF) card
Announcement (ANN) to support 15 user friendly
announcement messages
Terminal Test Controller (TTC) for testing of analog
terminations.
Power Supply Unit (PSU-I) is used.
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Analog Terminal Unit

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P
S

T T T T T T T T

C C C C C C C C

U U

P
T

U
I

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Analog Subscriber Line

Cards
Subscriber line cards as LCC or CCM with
interfaces upto 8 subscribers, provide
basic BORSCHT functions for each line.
Each CCM card has the provision of
battery reversal for all the 8 lines with
the last two lines having provision to
generate 16 KHz metering pulses to be
sent to subscriber's metering equipment.
output of four LCCs is multiplexed to
form a 32- channel, 2 Mbps PCM link also called a terminal group (TG).
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Analog Subscriber Line

Cards (Contd..)
Since a Terminal Unit has a maximum of 16
terminal cards, there are four such terminal
groups.
The signalling information is separated by a
scan/drive logic circuit and is sent to the
signalling processor
The LCC/CCM also provides test access
relay to isolate the exchange side and line
side to test it separately by using the
Terminal Test Controller (TTC).
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Analog Trunk Cards

Analog trunk cards interface analog
inter-exchange trunks which may be
of three types as TWT, EMT and EMF.

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Signalling Processor (SP)

Card
Signalling Processor (SP) processes the
signalling information received from the
terminal cards.
This signalling information consists of
scan/drive functions like origination detection,
answer detection, digit reception, reversal
detection, etc.
The validated events are reported to Terminal
Interface card.
Based on the information received from the
Terminal Interface Controller, it also drives the
event on the selected terminal through
scan/drive signals.
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Terminal Interface
Controller
(TIC) Card
Terminal Interface Controller (TIC) controls the
four terminal groups (TG) of 32 channels,
Multiplex them to form a duplicated 128channel, 8 Mbps link towards the Time Switch
(TS).
For signalling information of 128- channels, it
communicates with Signalling Processor (SP)
to receive/send the signalling event on analog
terminations.
Terminal Interface Controller is built around 8bit microprocessor with associated memory
and interface and it is duplicated for
redundancy.
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Special Service Cards

A Terminal Unit has some special service cards
such as Conference (CNF) Card.
Terminal Test Controller (TTC) Card is used to
test analog terminal interfaces via the test
access relays on the terminal cards.
Announcement Controller (ANN) Card provides
15 announcements on broadcast basis.
Only one service card of each type is equipped
in a Base Module with provision of fixed slot for
TTC and variable slots for CNF/ANNC.
Two slots are occupied by each card i.e. 16
channels for each card are used out of 128
channels available on a Bus between a TU & TS.
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Digital Terminal Unit

(DTU)
Digital Terminal Unit (DTU) is used exclusively
to interface digital trunks.
One set of Digital Trunk Synchronization (DTS)
card alongwith the Digital Trunk Controller
(DTC) card is used to provide one E-1
interface.
Each interface occupies one TG of 32
channels and four such interfaces share 4 TGs
in a Digital Terminal Unit.
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Digital Terminal Unit

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P

D
T
S
3

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SS7 Signalling Unit Module

(SUM)
Any one of the ATU or DTU in a BM
can be replaced by SUM frame to
support CCS7 signalling.
Only one such unit is equipped in the
exchange irrespective of its
configuration or capacity.

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#7 Signalling Unit Module

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B
M
E

S S S S
H H H H
M M M M
1 2 3 4

U U
I

H H H H
M M M M
5

B
M
E

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ISDN - Terminal Unit (ISTU)

One of the four ATUs/DTUs in a BM can be
replaced by ISTU to provide BRI/PRI interfaces in
C-DOT DSS.
The only constraint is that ISTU has to be
principal TU i.e. directly connected to TSU on 8
Mbps PCM link.
By equipping one ISTU in the exchange, a max. of
256 B channels are available to the administrator
which can be configured as BRI, PRI or any mix as
per site requirement.
Depending on the requirement of number of
ISDN-Interfaces, one or more ISTUs can be
integrated in C-DOT DSS, either in one BM or
distributed across different BMs.
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ISDN Terminal Unit

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P

L L L L L L L L
C C C C C C C C
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

T C I

I C T

C C C C C C
0 0 0 1 1 1

L L L L L L L L
C C C C C C C C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

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Time Switch Unit (TSU)

Time Switch Unit (TSU) implements three
basic functions
As time switching within the Base Module,
routing of control-messages within the
Base Module and across Base Modules and
support services like MF/DTMF circuits,
answering circuits, tones, etc.
These functions are performed by three
different functional units, integrated as
time switch unit in a single frame .
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Time Switch Unit

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P
S
U
II

T M M
G F F
A C C

S
C
I
C

A M M T T T T T T T T M M A
F S S S S S S S S S S S S F
B D C I M C S S C M I C D B

S
C
I
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M M T
F F G
C C A

P
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II

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(1) Service Unit (SU)

Service Unit is integrated around three
different cards as Tone Generator with
Answering Circuit (TGA), Service Circuit
Interface Controller (SCIC). and
MF/DTMF Controller (MFC) Card.
Two MFC cards are grouped to form a
terminal group.
Upto four MFC Cards can be equipped

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(2) Base Message Switch

(BMS)
Base Message Switch (BMS) routes the control
messages within the Base Module, across
different Base Modules, and also Administrative
Module via the Central Module.
It is implemented around two different cards as
Message Switch Controller (MSC) with six direct
HDLC-links and the Message Switch Device
(MSD) Card implementing 16 switched HDLC
links.
As a unit, total 22 HDLC channels are
implemented for communication with the Base
Processor
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(2)

Base Message Switch

(BMS)

To support 8,00,000 BHCA, MSC and

MSD cards are replaced by a High
performance Message Switch (HMS)
with high speed, 32 bit
microprocessor (MC 68040).
It implements 38 HDLC links

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(3)

Time Switch (TS)

The Time Switch complex is implemented using

three different functional cards as
multiplexer/demultiplexer (TSM), time switch
(TSS) and time switch controller (TSC).
The Time Switch complex receives the following
PCM links and performs time- switching on them
for switching within the Base Module :
(1) Four 128-channel multiplexed links from
four different Terminal Units which may be any
combination of ATU, DTU, #7SU and ISTU.
(2) One 128-channel multiplexed BUS from the
Service Circuits Interface Controller (SCIC) in
the Time Switch Unit.
(3) Three 128-channel links to support onboard
three party conference circuits (3 x 128).
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Base Processor Unit (BPU)

Base Processor Unit (BPU) is the
master controller in the Base Module.
It is implemented as a duplicated
controller with memory units.
These duplicated sub-units are realised
in the form of the following cards :
Base Processor Controller (BPC) Card
Base Memory Extender (BME) Card
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Base Processor Unit

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H

P
S
U
II

P
B

B
P
C

H
P
C
/
B
P
C

B
M
E

P
S
U
II

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Base Processor Unit (BPU)

(Contd)
BPC controls time-switching within the Base Module
via the Base Message Switch and the Time Switch
Controller.
It communicates with the Administrative Processor
via Base Message Switch for operations and
maintenance functions.
In a SBM configuration, BPC directly interfaces with
the Alarm Display Panel and the Input Output
Module.

To support 8,00,000 BHCA, the BPC card is replaced
by High performance Processor Card (HPC).

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CENTRAL MODULE (CM)

Central Module (CM) is responsible for space
switching of inter-Base Module calls,
communication between Base Modules and the
Administrative Module, clock distribution and
network synchronisation.
For these functions, Central Module has a Space
Switch, Space Switch Controller and a Central
Message Switch.

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CENTRAL MODULE (CM)

(Contd)
CM provides connectivity to 16 BMs if it is
CM-L and 32 BMs if it is CM-XL. Each BM
interfaces with CM via two 512-channel
parallel buses as BUS-0 and BUS-1, each
operating at 4 Mbps.
In a 32 Base Module configuration, there are
64 parallel buses carrying the voice
information from Base Modules to the
Central Module, and also the switched
information in the reverse direction.
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Space Switch (SS) and

Space Switch Controller
(SSC)

In order to take care of the large

number of interface signals, the
switch portion of CM is divided into
three stages viz. MUX stage, Switch
stage and DEMUX stage.
The MUX and DEMUX stages are
implemented on single card to
provide the Base Module to Central
Module interface in each direction.
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SS and SSC (contd..)

Interfacing and switching are
controlled by SSC which provides
control signals for the MUX/DEMUX
cards and the Space Switch Switch
cards.
These time-slots carry control
message from each Base Module and
these messages are sent to the
Central Message Switch (CMS).
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Clock Distribution

CM provides the central clock for distribution

to the Base Modules.
The 8MHz clock may be locally generated at
the Central Clock (CCK) card in case of CM-XL
and of Space Switch Clock (SCK) card in case
of CM-L by using high stability VCXO crystal
or may be derived from an external
reference clock using the Network
Synchronisation Controller (NSC) card in case
of CM-XL and Network Synchronisation
Equipment (NSE) in case CM-L under the
control of SSC.
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NETWORK
SYNCHRONIZATION
IN C-DOT DSS
Locked Mode
Holdover Mode
Free Run Mode

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Central Message Switch

(CMS)
. It is implemented as four different
message switches, working in loadsharing mode.
Each message switch is a high
performance message routing block,
implemented by using high speed 32
bit microprocessor MC 68040 in case
of CM-XL and 16 bit microprocessor
MC 68000 in case of CM L.
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ADMINISTRATIVE MODULE
(AM)
Administrative Module (AM) consists of a
duplicated 16/32-bit controller called the
Administrative Processor (APC).
It communicates with Base Processors via the
Central Message Switch for control messages
and with the duplicated Input Output
Processors in the Input Output Module for
interfacing peripheral devices
Administrative processor is responsible for
global routing, translation, resource allocation
and all other functions that are provided
centrally in C-DOT DSS MAX
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INPUT OUTPUT MODULE

(IOM)
Input Output Module (IOM) consists of
duplicated Input Output Processor (IOP).
The Input Output Processor (IOP) is a general
purpose computer with UNIX Operating
System.
It is used as the front end processor in CDOT DSS.
It handles all the input and output functions
in C-DOT DSS.
The IOP is connected to AP/BP via HDLC
links
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IOP-VH Hardware
Architecture
The IOP-VH is value engineered high performance
IOP, designed using a single card.
The IOP CPU uses MC 68040 (25 MHz) processor on
the VHC card.
All active IOP processes reside in the dynamic RAM.
Also the data being transferred through HDLC links,
secondary storage devices and terminals, use the
dynamic RAM.
The IOP as a module is duplicated to provide
redundancy for cartridge and disk drives as well as
serial communication terminals and printers..
Presently the two ports, namely X.25 and ETHERNET
are not supported in current UNIX release.

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IOP-VH Peripherals
Input Output Processor (IOP-VH)
supports three standard SCSI-2
interfaces, on VHC card,
one each for Winchester Drive,
Cartridge Tape Drive and one as spare.
Here, it may be noted that only the
peripherals with SCSI-2 interface can
be used in IOP-VH.
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Front Panel Display

The CPU Reset and Abort switches are
provided along with lock and key.
Run and Halt LEDs for the CPU status
indication is also extended on the front
panel.
A Reset LED is provided along with RESET
switch and glows when the CPU is reset by
pressing RESET switch on the front panel.
Power I/P LED is provided to indicate the
presence of I/P power on the front panel.
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REMOTE SWITCHING UNIT

(RSU)
In case of a Remote Switch Unit (RSU)
the Time Switch Switch (TSS) cards in
BM are replaced by Enhanced Time
Switch (ETS) cards.
In case of a remotely located BM
(RSU), the corresponding MUX/DEMUX
cards in CM are replaced by
Enhanced Switch MUX (ESM) Cards in
CM-XL and ESL cards in CM-L.
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ALARM DISPLAY PANEL

It is a three card implementation. A
matrix of LEDs is provided to indicate
the maintenance status of the switch
units and their level of initialisation.
A seven-segment display shows the
count of lines and trunks currently
faulty.
Keys are provided for manual
acknowledgment, initiating self test
and selective audio disable.
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