Anurag D.

Chivilkar
Btech. (Agril. Engg.), MMS
 Points to be
Discussed
• Current potential and Installed capacity
• New Technologies in Solar Energy
• Why to invest in Solar Energy?
• Government Activities
• Benefits and Problems related to Solar
Energy
• Major Projects
• Field Visits
 Current Scenario
• India is endowed with vast solar energy potential
• About 5,000 trillion kWh per year energy is incident over
India’s land area with most parts receiving 4-7 kWh per
sq. m per day
 Current Scenario
• India just had 2.12 MW of grid connected
solar energy generation capacity till 2007
• The amount of solar energy produced in
India is merely 0.5% compared to other
energy resources
• The government has envisaged a capacity
addition of around 1000 MW by 2012.
• The Thar Desert in India is also a
promising location for a solar energy.
 Current Scenario
• But at current pace of 20 percent annual
growth India could emerge as the fourth
largest market for solar energy after
Germany, Japan and China in the coming
years.
 Why to Invest in Solar
Energy?
• Durability and Longevity
1) On Average Solar Panel last for 30 years or more
2) Solar Panels are designed to withstand harsh
climates
3) Solar Panels can convert solar to electrical energy
even on a cloudy day(although not at the same
capacity)
• Unlimited Power
While everyone is crying about increasing gas prices
and energy cost you can have unlimited power supply.
 Why to Invest in Solar
Energy?
• Installation is easy and you can expand over
time
• Payback can be quick – Solar Panels pay for
themselves
• Help the environment with solar energy.
• Solar Panels doesn’t have to expensive
• Tax Incentives (For example, in Australia, if you spend
$16,000 on a solar set up, they will rebate you up to $8000
back. This doesn't include other rebates you can get either)
 Why to Invest In Solar
Energy?
• According to the
report, Global
Trends in
Sustainable Energy

Million
Investment 2009
$
 Limitations of Solar
Energy
• Cost of producing solar energy is high (The cost of
production ranges from Rs 15 to Rs 30 per unit compared
to around Rs 2 to Rs 6 per unit for thermal energy)
• Efficiency of conversion of solar energy to useful
energy is low (The energy collected by 1 m square of a
solar collector in a day is approximately equal to that
released by burning 1 kg of coal or 1/2 litres of kerosene)
• Banks are highly hesitant to finance new projects
and developers are waiting for better returns in a
climate of decreasing module prices.
 Limitation of Solar
•
Energy
Oversupply, coupled with the global financial
crisis, is hitting the solar industry hard(Fall in demand
and rapid expansion of the more than 400 module manufacturers
worldwide, is putting module prices under pressure)
 Government Activities
 Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM)
• To create an enabling policy framework for
the deployment of 20,000 MW of solar
power
S. by 2022
Application Target for Target for Target for
No. segment Phase I (2010- Phase 2 Phase 3
13) (2013-17) (2017-22)

Solar collectors 7 million sq 15 million sq 20 million sq

1. meters meters meters
2. Off grid solar 200 MW 1000 MW 2000 MW
applications
3. Utility grid 1,000-2000 4000-10,000 20000 MW
power, MW MW
including roof
top
 Government Activities
 Solar Lantern Programme 2009-2010
• It is proposed to take up deployment of 30,000
solar lanterns under 2006-07 SPV Programme.
• The Ministry will provide a subsidy of Rs.2,400/-
per solar lantern to the eligible beneficiaries in
the un-electrified villages, hamlets of the (i)
Special Category States and the (ii) UT islands.
 Solar Photovoltaic Programme 2009-2010
• To promote the use of SPV systems for lighting
and various other applications in the country.
• To save diesel for power generation in institutions
and other commercial organizations
Government Activities
Highlights of Budget 2010
1.Custom duty has also been pegged a at
a low 5% on equipment for Solar
Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Power.
2.These equipment will also be exempt
from central excise duties.
3.Excise will also be reduced from 8% to
4% on Led Lights.
4.An Unique solar powered rickshaw
developed by CSIR will attract a mere
4% excise duty and its components will
be exempted from Customs duty.
5.Solar Powered and Electric Cars to be
Cheaper
Solar Powered Cars
 Carbon Credits
• Carbon Offsets can be used to compensate for
the emissions produced by funding an
equivalent carbon dioxide saving somewhere
else.
• 1 kw of solar power with an average of 5.5 hours
of sunlight per day will produce 1 carbon credit
per year.
• 1 carbon credit is equal to 1 ton of carbon
dioxide offset
• So far 30 million carbon credits are generated
by India, in coming years 140 millions are
expected, with 650 energy efficiency projects
 Future Solar
Projects
• Location :-
Madhopur, Bhuj, Gujarat

• Capacity :- 5 GW

• Cost of the Project :- 475 million$

• The current largest solar array in
the world produces 900 megawatts
of power, so this 5 gigawatts plan
gives you an idea of its scope
• Still in Planning Phase
 Future Solar
Projects
• Enviro Mission Solar Tower
• Location :- Burronga Station,
Riverland area of New South Wales,
Australia
• Chimney Height :- 1000 metre
• Capacity :- 200 MW
• Cost of Project :- 1 billion Aus $
• Cost of Electricity :-7
eurocents/kWh
• Will provide electricity for
2,00,000 households
 Solar
Nanotechnology
• Conventional Solar Cells have only 10
percent Efficiency and have high
manufacturing costs
• Use of Solar Nanotechnology will
considerably lower the manufacturing
cost
• Chemists at the University of California,
Berkeley, have discovered a way to
make cheap plastic solar cells that
could be painted on almost any surface
• Konarka Technologies are already
manufacturing a product called, “Power
Plastic” which absorbs both sunlight
and indoor light and converts it into
electricity, which has efficiency around
8%.
 Installed Projects in
• The 
India
Shirdi solar system  which is
built with a cost of 133 lakh
rupees generates 3500 kg of steam –
enough to cook for 20,000 people
• The whole system is installed in less
than 10 months and it saves Shirdi
temple 20 lakh rupees per year (in
terms of the money spent on 1 lakh kg
of LPG which they spend now)
• 40 solar parabolic concentrators move
in the direction of sun and raise the
temperature of water which will then
produce the steam.
 Installed Projects in
India
• The Tirumala Tirupati
Devasthanam, Tirupati (AP)
• The solar system can cook
30,000 meals per day and
15,000 meals at a time
• The system curbs fuel
consumption by nearly 50 per
cent thereby saving Rs 17 lakh
per year for the Devasthanam
• The system is comprised of 106
rooftop-mounted parabolic
concentrators
A Solar Housing Complex at
 Characteristics
• Solar Water Heater – 130
LPD
• 2.0 kW roof top solar PV
with grid connectivity
• Solar PV operated garden
lights
• A Swimming Pool heated
with solar collector
• Hydro-pneumatic water
supply system with 40%
less energy consumption.
 Solar Energy
Applications
• Solar water heating
• Solar air heating
• Solar crop and timber drying
• Solar water distillation
• Solar cooking
• Solar passive and active heating of buildings
• Solar refrigeration and air conditioning
• Solar power generation
• Solar electricity generation by solar cell etc.
Aries Industries : Italy operations in :- 21 countries
Trading in :- 150

Variety of Products: Technical

Types of collector Evacuated tube
Specifications collector
Thickness of coating 320-350 nm
- Solar box cookers
Thermal expansion 3.2 * 10-6 c
-Solar caps ,-Solar educational kits
Glass 3.3 borosilicate
- Solar home lighting systems glass
- Solar panels,- Advantages
Characteristics Solar parabolic cookersThickness of glass 1.6 mm
tube
- Solar street light,- Solar water heater
Tube length 1800 mm
Product Advantages:
Insulation Superior heat No of tubes 12 for 100 lpd & 24
retension for 200 lpd
Insulation Vacuum jacket
Tube length Optimised length
Capacity 100/200 lpd
Outer body High grade
Reflector Superior engineering plastic
UV resistant
absorption ability
Mounting stand Structural steel with
pure polyster
Reflectivity Optimum coating
reflection
 Yashika Solar
Products
• Solar Camping Lantern (Charging Time: 18hrs,
Lighting Time: 15 Hrs)
• Solar Pond Floating Ball
• Solar Lawn Lights (Operating Time: 10 hrs)
• Solar Street Lights (Operating Time: 12 hrs)
• Solar Desk Light cum Torch(Charging Time: 10hrs,
Lighting: 8 Hrs)
• Solar Mobile Charger/Radio
• Solar Key Chain
• Solar Road Stud
• Solar Cap
• Solar Travelling Bag
• Solar Home Lights
• Solar Water Heater
 B.Tech. First Class graduate
from Indian Institute of
Technology, Mumbai of 1978
batch with 1 year course in
software technology
conducted by NCST in 1982
Mr. Ashok D. Paranjape
and a short term course in
Director and Founder of
Clique Consultants piping from IIT, CAD center in
1992. Professional experience
since 1978 on the design of
various industrial and infra-
structural projects.
 Features of Project
ARUN

• Can save 70 ltrs of diesel every day running 2 two-ton boilers

• That’s around 23,000 ltrs per year
• Uses photo sensor & co-ordinates calculation computer to
track sun
• Payback in first year of installation
• Runs clean with negligible maintenance costs which majorly
involves just cleaning of parabola 3-4 times a month

Project ARUN of Clique Consultants Pvt. Ltd

 Projects of Clique
Consultancy
• Project Arun – 50 lakhs (govt.
subsidised 12 lakhs)
• Installations
– ITC, Delhi – 2 dish
– M & M, Chakan – 2 dish
– Heavy Water Board, Kota – 4 dish.
– Chitale dairy – 2 dish
– Project with IIT for 5 MW, currently
in design stage
 Financing model
• ESCO model used
• Firm A sets up solar system in Firm B but does
not sell it to them.
• Owning rights are still with Firm A and they will
handle any maintenance cost incurred
• Firm B will only pay Firm A on daily basis
according to the measure of usage done
– Usage measured in no. of hrs or amount of
steam generated etc.
• Although practical on paper has not gained
popularity in India due to Corruption & lack of
trust among businesses.