Literature Review: Rina K Kusumaratna Dept of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

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Literature review

Rina K Kusumaratna
Dept of Public Health,
Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

A literature review

a review of the writings, or literature, on a


particular subject / topic
a review of the most relevant, recent and
scholarly work in the subject / topic area
a piece of writing that supports, evaluates
and critiques your research topic.
The focus of a literature review
to summarize and synthesize the
arguments and ideas of others without
adding new contributions.

What a literature review is not

A literature review is not just a


summary of articles, texts or
journals.
A literature review is not an
analytical, opinionative or
argumentative essay.

Why do we write literature


reviews?
Provide you with a handy guide to a particular topic.
If you have limited time to conduct research,
literature reviews can give you an overview or act as
a stepping stone.
For professionals keep them up to date with what
is current in the field.
For scholars, the depth and breadth of the literature
review emphasizes the credibility of the writer in his
or her field.
Also provide a solid background for a research
paper's investigation.

The purpose of a literature review

Establish a theoretical framework for


your topic / subject area
Define key terms, definitions and
terminology
Identify studies, models, case studies
etc supporting your topic
Define / establish your area of study,
ie. your research topic.

The three key points of a literature review

Tell what the research says (theory).


Tell how the research was carried out
(methodology).
Tell what is missing, ie the gap that
your research intends to fill.

'Literature' can include a range of


sources

journal articles
monographs
computerized databases
conferences proceedings
dissertations
empirical studies
government reports and reports from other
bodies
historical records
statistical handbooks.

Structuring & planning your writing :


Mindmaps a visual map of a number key ideas
in the order to place in your literature review.

Format writing
Like all academic writing at least three basic
elements:
1. An introduction or background information
section;
2. The body of the review containing the
discussion of sources;
3. Finally, a conclusion and/or
recommendations
section to end the paper.

The Introduction include

the nature of the topic under


discussion
the parameters of the topic (what
does it include and exclude)?
the basis for your selection of the
literature

The Conclusion include:

A summary of major agreements and


disagreements in the literature
A summary of general conclusions
that are being drawn.
A summary of where your thesis sits
in the literature

The Body paragraphs include

Historical background, including classic texts;


Current mainstream versus alternative
theoretical or ideological viewpoints,
Possible approaches to the subject (empirical,
philosophical, historical, postmodernist, etc);
Definitions in use;
Current research studies;
Current discoveries about the topic;
Principal questions that are being asked;
General conclusions that are being drawn;
Methodologies and methods in use;

Good luck

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