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    Elec S Presentation

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    Laurena Silvestre
    A solar cell converts sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When light photons are absorbed in the solar cell, they create electrons and holes that are separated by an electric field, generating an electric current. Multiple solar cells connected together form a solar panel and convert sunlight into direct current electricity. The efficiency, fill factor, short circuit current, and open circuit voltage are key parameters that determine the maximum output power of a solar cell. Losses from series and shunt resistances impact the current-voltage characteristics.

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    Elec S Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Laurena Silvestre
    39 views14 pages
    A solar cell converts sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When light photons are absorbed in the solar cell, they create electrons and holes that are separated by an electric field, generating an electric current. Multiple solar cells connected together form a solar panel and convert sunlight into direct current electricity. The efficiency, fill factor, short circuit current, and open circuit voltage are key parameters that determine the maximum output power of a solar cell. Losses from series and shunt resistances impact the current-voltage characteristics.

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    Solar cell

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    Elec s Presentation

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    A solar cell converts sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When light photons are absorbed in the solar cell, they create electrons and holes that are separated by an electric field, generating an electric current. Multiple solar cells connected together form a solar panel and convert sunlight into direct current electricity. The efficiency, fill factor, short circuit current, and open circuit voltage are key parameters that determine the maximum output power of a solar cell. Losses from series and shunt resistances impact the current-voltage characteristics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    39 views14 pages

    Elec S Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Laurena Silvestre
    A solar cell converts sunlight directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. When light photons are absorbed in the solar cell, they create electrons and holes that are separated by an electric field, generating an electric current. Multiple solar cells connected together form a solar panel and convert sunlight into direct current electricity. The efficiency, fill factor, short circuit current, and open circuit voltage are key parameters that determine the maximum output power of a solar cell. Losses from series and shunt resistances impact the current-voltage characteristics.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    SOLAR CELL

    A solar cell is an electronic


    device which directly
    converts sunlight into
    electricity. Light shining on
    the solar cell produces both
    a current and a voltage to
    generate electric power.
    2

    Solar Cell Operation


    n
    Emitt
    er

    Anti
    reflection
    coating

    Absorption of
    photon creates an
    electron hole pair.
    If they are within
    a diffusion length
    of the depletion
    region the electric
    field separates

    Front
    Contact

    p
    Rear
    Base Contact
    The electron
    after passing
    through the
    load
    recombines
    with the hole
    completing
    the circuit.
    An array of solar
    cells converts
    solar energy into a
    usable amount
    of direct current
    + (DC) electricity.

    External
    Load
    3

    Solar Cell I-V Characteristics


    Current
    Dark

    Current from Absorption of Photons


    Light

    Voltage

    Twice the Light = Twice the Current


    4

    PARAMETERS:
    when the cell is operated atshort circuit,V
    = 0and the currentIthrough the
    terminals is defined as theshort-circuit
    current. It can be shown that for a highquality solar cell (lowRSandI0, and
    highRSH) the short-circuit currentISCis

    Isc= IL
    where IL is the current in Load.

    When the cell is operated at open circuit,I = 0and the


    voltage across the output terminals is defined as theopencircuit voltage. Assuming the shunt resistance is high
    enough to neglect the final term of the characteristic
    equation, the open-circuit voltageVOCis

    Voc= nkT ln ( IL + 1)
    q Io
    where :

    Io= reversesaturation current(ampere)

    IL= photogenerated current (ampere)


    n= diode ideality factor (1 for an ideal diode)
    q=elementary charge (1.6021765 1019 C)

    k=Boltzmann's constant
    T=absolute temperature
    6

    The "fill factor", more commonly


    known by its abbreviation "FF", is a
    parameter which, in conjunction with
    Vocand Isc, determines the maximum
    power from a solar cell.
    FF =
    Pm
    Voc x Isc
    Where Pm = Im x Vm
    7

    Short
    Circuit
    Current

    IV Plot
    Imp
    Operating
    Point

    Pm

    Current

    Power

    Voltage (V)

    Vmp

    Open
    Circuit
    Voltage

    Efficiency
    the most commonly used parameter to compare the
    performance of one solar cell to another.
    Efficiency is defined as the ratio of energy output
    from the solar cell to input energy from the sun.

    The input power for efficiency calculations is 1


    kW/m2or 100 mW/cm2. Thus the input power for a
    100 100 mm2cell is 10 W and for a 156 156
    mm2cell is 24.3 W

    Circuit Diagram

    Schematic
    symbol of solar
    cell.

    I = IL ID - ISH
    where

    I = output current (ampere)


    IL = photogenerated current (ampere)
    ID = diode current (ampere)
    ISH = shunt current (ampere).

    Where :

    Io = reverse saturation current (ampere)

    n = diode ideality factor (1 for an ideal diode)


    q = elementary charge (1.6021765 10 19 C)
    k = Boltzmann's constant
    T = absolute temperature

    Vj = V + IRs
    where

    Vj = Voltage across the diode and

    Shunt resistor
    V = voltage across the output terminals (volt)
    I = output current (ampere)
    RSH = series resistance ().

    11

    Parasitic
    Resistances

    12

    Series Resistance
    Series Resistance
    circuit

    Series Resistance I-V


    Curve

    13

    Shunt Resistance
    Shunt Resistance
    Circuit

    Shunt Resistance I-V


    Curve

    14

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