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Windows OS Fundament Als

Windows has evolved through several versions with improvements to the user interface, memory management, and ability to automatically detect hardware. The Windows NT family introduced a more robust kernel and was split into client and server lines. Minimum hardware requirements have increased with each version. Windows provides tools for installing and managing devices, drivers, disks, partitions and security features like encryption and firewalls. It also offers backup, restore, refresh and reset features to maintain the system.

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Sohan Patel
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84 views

Windows OS Fundament Als

Windows has evolved through several versions with improvements to the user interface, memory management, and ability to automatically detect hardware. The Windows NT family introduced a more robust kernel and was split into client and server lines. Minimum hardware requirements have increased with each version. Windows provides tools for installing and managing devices, drivers, disks, partitions and security features like encryption and firewalls. It also offers backup, restore, refresh and reset features to maintain the system.

Uploaded by

Sohan Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Windows

OS
Fundament

OS Editions and Installation Requirement

Versioning the Windows

Windows 1.0,
2.0, 2.1, 3.0,
3.11

Windows 9x
Family 95, 98,
ME,

Windows NT
Family - NT,
2000, XP,

These were GUI based Operating Environments.


The shell was MS-DOS Executive.
Featured several improvements to the user interface
and
memory management over every predecessor

Featuring a newobject oriented user interface.


Support forlong file namesof up to 255 characters.
Ability to automatically detect and configure installed
hardware
(plug and play) and preemptive multitasking

NT Family was based on new kernel fashioned with


higher
reliability and robustness.
Further NT family was split into 2 lines.

Client Line Windows XP, 7, 8

Server Line - Windows Server 2003

Installing Operating System


Minimum Hardware Requirements :
Windows XP

sor: Pentium 233-megahertz (MHz) processor or faster (300 MHz is recommende

At least 64 megabytes (MB) of RAM (128 MB is recommended)


OM or DVD-ROM drive.
Windows 7
Processor: 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) processor.
RAM: 1 gigabyte (GB) RAM (32-bit) or 2 GB RAM (64-bit)
Hard disk space: 16 GB available hard disk space (32-bit) or 20 GB (64-bit)
Graphics card: DirectX 9 graphics device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver.

CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive.


Windows 8
Processor: 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster with support for PAE, NX, and SSE2
RAM: 1 gigabyte (GB) (32-bit) or 2 GB (64-bit)
Hard disk space: 16 GB (32-bit) or 20 GB (64-bit)
Graphics card: Microsoft DirectX9 graphics device with WDDM driver
CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive

Handling Hardware Devices, Drivers & Disks


Windows 7 gives you several tools and utilities for configuring and managing
hardware devices and printers. You have several options for configuring devices and
installing the necessary drivers, which is important, because without the proper
drivers and the proper configuration, your devices wont function properly.
Installing hardware devices and drivers is much simpler in Windows 7 than in previous
versions of Windows. You can install several different types of hardware devices on
Windows 7 computers:
Internal drives: You can install hard drives, CD drives, DVD drives, Blu-ray drives,
floppy drives, zip drives and any other internal drive. These devices generally include
a data cable (Integrated Drive Electronics [IDE] or SATA) that attaches to the
motherboard and a power cable that attaches to the power supply.
Internal cards: These include adapters or expansion cards plugged into the
motherboards expansion slots (PCI Express [PCIe], PCI or Accelerated Graphics Port
[AGP]), such as video cards, RAIDs and SATA controllers. Laptop expansion cards are
also considered internal cards. Generally, you would use these cards to connect
another device through a cable.
External devices: These include any external device that connects to the computer
through available ports including USB, IEEE 1394 (FireWire), Line Printer Terminal
(LPT), COM and so on. You can use these ports to connect printers, scanners, external
hard drives, media devices and more through the appropriate cable.
Additional memory: You can add memory to the computers motherboard to expand
the amount of memory to which the computer has access.

Creating & Managing Partition


Accessing Disk Management
The quickest way to launch the Disk Management tool; right click on my
computer and select Manage

Select Disk management


Youll see a window
divided into two
panes.
The
top
pane shows you a
list
of
your
partitions, referred
to as volumes, and
the
bottom
one
shows
you
a
graphical

Resizing a Partition
Right-click a partition in either pane and select Extend Volume or Shrink
Volume to resize it. Other options for manipulating partitions are also
located in the right-click menu.

Creating a Partition
Once youve shrunk a partition, you can use the free space to create another
one. Just right-click inside the unallocated space and select New Simple
Volume

Youll see the New Simple Volume wizard, which guides you through
setting a size for the partition, assigning a drive letter and formatting
it with a file system.

Windows Security
NTFS Permissions. In any Windows network, you can set sharing
permissions for drives and folders. On that network, each user can
choose to share entire drives or individual folders with the network.
NTFS (NT File System) permissions are available to drives
formatted with NTFS.
BitLocker is designed to help protect all of the personal and system
files on the drive Windows is installed on (the operating system drive)
if your computer is stolen, or if unauthorized users try to access the
computer. You can also use BitLocker to encrypt all files on fixed data
drives (such as internal hard drives) and use BitLocker To Go to
encrypt files on removable data drives (such as external hard drives
or USB flash drives).
Encrypting File System (EFS) is used to help protect individual files on any
drive on a per-user basis.

Windows Firewall & Wireless Security


Managing Windows Firewall and exceptions
Open the Control Panel (icons view), and click/tap on the Windows
Firewall icon.

Firewall with Advance Security

Open the Control Panel Administrative Tools and click/tap on the


Windows Firewall with Advanced Security icon.

System Protection & recovery


Working with Backup and Restoration
File History tool in Control Panel
Windows 8 File History
File History is a new feature in Windows 8 that allows you to setup a
schedule for automatically saving copies of documents located in your
Libraries,Contacts,Favorites or SkyDrive to an external drive or network
location. File History can be leveraged for those situations where you need
to recover an older version of a particular document that
you'veoverwritten. To turn on File History, use the Control Panel -> File
History applet and click the "Turn On" button.

Advanced Setting and Features of Windows Recovery


After you've turned on File History, you'll then be able to further customize
your Advanced settings, such as schedule (default= every hour), # of
versions (default = all versions)to keep and % of disk space (default =
5%) to use for caching changes when your File History location is offline.
In addition, you can Exclude folders that you may not want to include in
your File History, perhaps if you have applications that already use built-in
versioning to save documents to your Libraries.

Windows 8 Refresh and Reset PC


Windows 8 Refresh and Reset PC
Sometimes, a system becomes so infected or corrupted that it's easier
and safer to just reset the operating system and applications back to a
"normal" factory default out-of-box (OOB) experience. In Windows 8, you
have two options to make this process easier than ever: Refresh (which
resets the OS and applications without losing your documents and other
personal files) and Reset (which resets the OS and applications and
removes everything else). You can also create a Recovery Drive on a
USB flash drive so that you can perform a Refresh or Reset operation even
if your PC isn't bootable.
You'll find these new options in the Control Panel -> Recovery applet,
along with other familiar tools like System Restore.

Monitoring & Maintaing Windows


Managing Windows Update
The simplest way for end-users to update Windows 8 applications is through
the Windows Store itself. When on the start screen, users will see the Store
tile and, if there are updates to applications, they will see a number on the
live tile -

Monitoring, Optimizing and Troubleshooting system


Press ctrl+alt+del
Select Task manager

Working With Applications

net Explorer 10 - Browser Configuration

Browser Pop-up Setting


Open Internet Explorer
Select Tools > Internet Options
Select the Privacy tab > Pop-up Blocker
Settings

Add the following web sites:


*.niu.edu
Myniu.niu.edu
Niufs.niu.edu
Niuhrs.niu.edu
Blocking Level:
Low: Allow pop-ups from secure sites
Click Close

Configuring Windows Defender in Windows


8 and 8.1
To launch Windows Defender, open Apps search using keyboard shortcut
Windows Key+Q, type "defender" into Search box and click the result.

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