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Forging New Generations of Engineers

A basic pneumatic system uses compressed air to provide linear and rotary motion. It consists of an air production system that filters, dries and stores compressed air, and an air consumption system that uses components like actuators and directional valves to control airflow and create movement. Pneumatic systems offer benefits like easy storage of compressed air, simple design and control, low component costs, and being environmentally friendly. Common parts include compressors, air receivers, filters, dryers, regulators, control valves, and linear or rotary actuators.

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132 views16 pages

Forging New Generations of Engineers

A basic pneumatic system uses compressed air to provide linear and rotary motion. It consists of an air production system that filters, dries and stores compressed air, and an air consumption system that uses components like actuators and directional valves to control airflow and create movement. Pneumatic systems offer benefits like easy storage of compressed air, simple design and control, low component costs, and being environmentally friendly. Common parts include compressors, air receivers, filters, dryers, regulators, control valves, and linear or rotary actuators.

Uploaded by

SnehalPagdhune
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Forging new generations of engineers

Basic Pneumatics

Properties of Compressed Air

Availability
Easily stored in large volumes
Simplicity in design and control
Provides linear and rotary movement
Installation
Low system cost due to low component
cost

Properties of Compressed Air


Components have long working life
resulting in longer system reliability
Environmentally friendly
Safety issues are minimized e.g.. Fire
hazards; unaffected by overloads
(actuators stall or slip)
Pneumatic actuators in a system do not
produce heat (except for friction)

Parts of a Pneumatic System

What are they?


and
What do they Do?

A Basic Pneumatic System


Air Production and Distribution System

Line Filter
Compressor
Pressure
Check
Motor
Valve
Refrigerated
Pressure Air Dryer
Drain
Switch
TankGauge

A Basic Pneumatic System


Air Consumption System

Actuator

Drain Unit
Conditioning
Directional
Valve
Air Line Take-off

Air Compression
Reciprocating:

Single stage

Double Stage

Air Compression
Rotary:

Vane

Screw

Compressor

Air Receiver
A pressure Vessel (Tank) normally made of metal and installed
either horizontally or vertically. This vessel provides a volume of air
to be utilized by the system and reduced the loading and unloading
of the compressor.

Air Receiver (Tank)

Air Treatment
All atmospheric air carries both moisture and dust

Inlet Filter

Used to remove large particle dirt from


entering the system.

Used to prevent excessive


wear of cylinder, piston rings
and other moving parts in the
initial stage of the system

Air Dryer
Compressed air cannot hold the same amount of moisture as non
compressed air. Once the air is compressed, some of the moisture
condenses in the tank and is removed through a drain valve. The remaining
moisture will rust internal components of the system and must be removed.
One way this is done by sending the air through an air conditioned chamber
which will condense more of the moisture which is present.

Regulating and Conditioning


The compressed air to be used in a system needs to be treated
because of contamination inside the system. An example of this
could be the scaling of piped or worn seal material. A line filter is used
to collect water and solid impurities. A Lubricator is used to vaporize
oil into the air stream to lubricate moving parts in the system such as
air tools
A regulator is used to adjust the
line pressure to a lower usable
pressure needed for some tool
applications.

Control Valves
3 Port Pilot Valve

3 Port Pilot Valve

Double Pressure Operated


5 Port Valve

Actuators
The work done by a pneumatic actuator can be linear or rotary.

There are two basic types of linear cylinders


Single-acting
Double-acting

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