Basic Concepts of Control System
Basic Concepts of Control System
MAIN
ENGINE
MANUAL CONTROL
HEATER
TRANSDUCER
FILTER
REFERENCE
INPUT
CONTROLLER
PLANT
CONTROLLED
OUTPUT
OIL
TANK
HEATER
MANIPULATED
VARIABLE
CONTROLLER
TRANSDUCER
FILTER
MEASURED VALUE
AND FEEDBACK
-+
SET POINT
12-14 CST
OUTPUT
CONTROLLER
FEEDBACK
ELEMENT
CONTROLLING
DEVICE
PROCESS
OIL
TANK
HEATER
TRANSDUCER
CONTROLLER
SUMMATION
RELAY
FILTER
MEASURED VALUE
AND FEEDBACK
-+
SET POINT
12-14 CST
DISTURBANCE
REFERENCE
INPUT
+
CONTROLLER
CONTROLLER
FEEDBACK
ELEMENT
CONTROLLING
DEVICE
PROCESS
PROCESS
Advantages of a Open-Loop
System
Simple in construction and Design
Economic
Easy for maintenance
Advantages of a Closed-Loop
System
Increased Accuracy
Increased ability to reproduce output with
varied input.
Reduced Sensitivity to Disturbance
Self-correcting minimizes effects of system
changes.
Smoothing and Filtering
System induced noise and distortion are
reduced.
Dis-advantages of a Closed-Loop
System
Complicated in design
Maintenance is costlier.
System may become unstable
Open Loop
Highly sensitive to
environment
Simple Design
Accuracy dependant
on calibration
Unlikely to become
unstable
Small bandwidth
Closed Loop
Less sensitive to
changes in
environment
Complex in design
More accurate
Smooth response
Can become
unstable
Large bandwidth
Questions?