Three-dimensional Shapes (3D)

These shapes are

solid or hollow, you
could hold them in
your hand.
They have three
dimensions: length,
width and height.

Solid
A shape you can
hold (3D).
A solid has length,
width and height.
Examples:

Cube
Cylinder
Sphere
Cone
Prism

Surface
The curved part of a 3D
shape.
Cylinders and cones
have surfaces.

Face
Part of a 3D shape
that is flat.
Example: A cube has
6 faces.

Base
The bottom
face of a 3D
object.

Base

Edge
The line where two
faces meet on a 3D
object.
Example: A cube has
12 edges.

Corner
The point where three
or more edges touch.
This cube has 12
corners all together.

Vertex (Vertices)
The point where three
or more edges meet.
This cube has 12
vertices all together.

Cube
A 3D shape (you can
hold it).
It has 6 equal square
faces.
Cubes in daily life:
A box
Blocks
Dice

Cube
A three-dimensional
shape which has:
6 square faces all the
same size
12 edges
8 corners

Cube
A three-dimensional
shape which has:
6 square faces all the
same size
12 edges
8 vertices

Cube
A three-dimensional
shape which has 6
square faces all the
same size, 12 edges
and 8 vertices.

Some faces parallel

Some edges parallel
Some faces perpendicular
Some edges perpendicular

Sphere
A 3D shape (you can
hold it) that can roll.
A Sphere has no
corners or edges
Spheres in daily life:
A Ball
A Globe
A Marble

Sphere
A perfectly round
three-dimensional
shape, like a ball. It
has only one curved
surface.
A sphere has
0 faces
0 edges
0 corners

Sphere
A perfectly round
three-dimensional
shape, like a ball. It
has only one curved
surface.
A sphere has
0 faces
0 edges
0 vertices

Cone
A 3D shape (you can
hold it) that can roll.
A Cone has a circle at
its base and a curved
surface that comes to
a point at its top
(vertex).
Cones in daily life:
Ice Cream Cone
A Party Hat

Cone
A three-dimensional
shape made up of:
a circular base
a curved surface that
comes to a point at the
top (vertex).

A Cone has 0 edges

and 0 corners.

Cone
A three-dimensional
shape made up of:
a circular base
a curved surface that
comes to a point at the
top (vertex).

A Cone has 0 edges

and 0 vertices.

Cylinder
A 3D shape (you can
hold it) that can roll.
A Cylinder has 2
equal circles on its
ends.
Cylinders in daily life:
A Soup Can
A Roll of Toilet Paper

Cylinder
A three-dimensional
shape with one
curved surface and 2
equal circles on its
ends.
A Cylinder has 2
faces, 1 surface, 0
edges and
0 corners.

Cylinder
A three-dimensional
shape with one
curved surface and 2
equal circles on its
ends.
A Cylinder has 2
faces, 1 surface, 0
edges and
0 vertices.

Pyramid
A three-dimensional
shape which has a
polygon for its base
and triangular faces
which meet at one
point (vertex).

Rectangular Prism
A 3D shape (you can
hold it).
It has 6 rectangular
faces.
Cubes in daily life:
A Kleenex Box
A Refrigerator
A Cereal Box

Rectangular Prism
A 3D shape that has:
6 rectangular faces
2 of those faces are
equal

12 edges
8 corners

Rectangular Prism
A 3D shape that has:
6 rectangular faces
2 of those faces are
equal

12 edges
8 vertices

Rectangular Prism
A 3D shape that has:
6 rectangular faces
2 of those faces are
equal
12 edges
8 vertices

Some faces are parallel

Some edges are parallel
Some faces are perpendicular
Some edges are perpendicular

Two-Dimensional Shapes (2D)

These shapes are flat
and can only be
drawn on paper.
They have two
dimensions: length
and width.
They are sometimes
called plane shapes.

Sides
The lines you can
trace and count on
the outside of a
2D shape.
Example: A
triangle has 3
sides. A square
has 4.

Polygons
Two-dimensional
shapes that have
three or more sides
made from straight
lines.
Examples:

triangles
squares
rectangles

Quadrilaterals
Any two-dimensional
shapes (polygon)
with 4 straight sides
and 4 angles
Ex.
rhombus
rectangle
square

kite
trapezoid

Quadrilaterals
Any two-dimensional
shapes (polygon)
with 4 straight sides
and 4 angles
The interior angles of
a Quadrilateral add
up to 360 degrees.
Ex.
rhombus
rectangle

square

kite
trapezoid

Parallelogram
A quadrilateral with
parallel opposite
sides of equal
length.
Opposite angles are
equal.

Rectangle
A 2D shape with 4
corners and 2 pairs of
opposite, equal,
parallel sides.
Rectangles in daily
life:
A Door
A Piece of Paper

Rectangle
A 2D shape with 4
corners and 2 pairs of
opposite, equal,
parallel sides.
The sides meet at
right angles.

Rhombus
A 2D shape with four
sides.

Rhombus
A 2D, four-sided
shape with opposite
sides that are parallel.
All the sides are the
same length.

Rhombus
A 2D, four-sided
shape with opposite
sides that are parallel.
All the sides are the
same length.
Diagonals of a
Rhombus bisect each
other at right angles.

Trapezoid
A 2D shape (polygon)
with four sides.
One pair of sides is
parallel.

Trapezoid
A 2D shape (polygon)
with four sides.
One pair of sides is
parallel.

Circle
A 2D shape with no
corners or edges.

Circles in daily life:

A Clock

Semicircle
A 2D shape that is
exactly half of a
circle.
Semicircles in daily
life:
Half of a pie
Half of a pizza

Square
2D shape with 4
equal sides and 4
corners
Squares in daily life:
A Window
Some Floor Tiles
Some Ceiling Tiles

Square
2D shape (polygon)
with 4 equal sides
and 4 right (90)
angles.
Opposite sides are
parallel.

Triangle
Two-dimensional
shape with three
straight sides and
three corners.
Triangles in daily life:
The front of a tent

Triangle
Two-dimensional
shape (polygon) with
three straight sides
and three angles.
There are

isosceles triangles,
right triangles
equilateral triangles
scalene triangles

Triangle
Two-dimensional
shape (polygon) with
three straight sides
and three angles.
The interior angles
of a triangle add up
to 180 degrees.
There are

isosceles triangles,
right triangles
equilateral triangles
scalene triangles

Patterns
A repeating design.

Examples:
AB

AAB
Growing

Line
A long, thin
mark that
continues
forever.
It has no
endpoints.

Line
An infinitely
long, thin, twodimensional
mark
It has no
endpoints.

Parallel
Lines that are the
same distance apart
from each other.
These type of lines
stay the same
distance apart for
their whole length.
They do not need to
be straight or the
same length.
They never intersect.

Perpendicular
Lines that intersect at
a perfect right angle
(90) to one another.
In solid shapes,
edges could be at a
right angle to one
another.
Faces could also be
at right angles to one
another.

Intersecting
Crossing over one
another.
These lines are
intersecting.

Line Segment
A section of line
bounded by two
endpoints.
A line segment
is not
continuous.

Point
A single position
in space (dot).

Distance
A

The length
between two
points or
objects.

Angles
A shape formed
by two lines or
rays that extend
from a common
point (vertex).
The amount of
turning between
two lines that
meet at a common
point (vertex).

Vertex (angles)
The common
point between
two or more
rays or line
segments.

Acute Angle
An angle that
measures less
than 90 degrees.

Right Angle
An angle whose
measure is
exactly 90
degrees.

Obtuse Angle
An angle whose
measure is more
than 90 degrees.

Straight Angle
An angle whose
measure is
exactly 180
degrees.
A straight line.

Interior Angles
Any angle
inside a
polygon.

Congruent
Two figures are
congruent if they
have the same
shape and size.
Two angles are
congruent if they
have the same
measure.

Vertical Angles
A pair of angles
directly opposite
each other formed
by the intersection
of straight lines.
Vertical angels
are congruent
(equal).

Isosceles Triangle
A triangle with
2 equal sides
and 2 equal
angles

Equilateral Triangle
A triangle with
3
equal sides and 3
equal angles.

Right Triangle
A triangle with one
right angle (90
degrees).

Scalene Triangles
A triangle with 3
different side
lengths and 3
different angle
measures.

Symmetry
An object is
symmetrical
when you can
fold it in half and
the two halves
are congruent.
One half is a
mirror image of
the other.

Symmetrical

Not Symmetrical