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Single Variable Model Predictive Control

This document discusses single variable model predictive control. It describes the basic structure of model predictive control which uses a process model to predict the future response of a plant and optimize future manipulated variable adjustments. The document then discusses two specific types of model predictive control: internal model control (IMC) and the Smith predictor. IMC works by factorizing the process model into invertible and non-invertible parts to calculate a stable inverse model. The Smith predictor also uses a predictive structure but calculates an approximate inverse model by controlling a model of just the invertible part of the plant model. Implementation of these predictive controllers involves selecting measurements, models, algorithms and tuning parameters.

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Sergio G' Mejia
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31 views

Single Variable Model Predictive Control

This document discusses single variable model predictive control. It describes the basic structure of model predictive control which uses a process model to predict the future response of a plant and optimize future manipulated variable adjustments. The document then discusses two specific types of model predictive control: internal model control (IMC) and the Smith predictor. IMC works by factorizing the process model into invertible and non-invertible parts to calculate a stable inverse model. The Smith predictor also uses a predictive structure but calculates an approximate inverse model by controlling a model of just the invertible part of the plant model. Implementation of these predictive controllers involves selecting measurements, models, algorithms and tuning parameters.

Uploaded by

Sergio G' Mejia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SINGLE VARIABLE MODEL

PREDICTIVE CONTROL
TEAM 6

INTRODUCTION

Most modifications to single-loop feedback control presented in this model have used
additional measurements to improve control performance.
This is an alternative to the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback algorithm.

PID

IMC

THE MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL


STRUCTURE

D(s)

Gd(s)

SP(s)
+
-

Tp(s)

Gep(s)

Gp(s)

CV(s)

+
+

MV(s)
Gm(s)

Em(s)

THE IMC CONTROLLER (Internal


Model Control)

The IMC approach segregates and eliminates the aspects of the model transfer
function that make calculation of a realizable inverse impossible. The first step is to
factor the model into the product of the two factors:

the
noninvertible
part
has
an
inverse
that
is
unstable
the invertible part has an inverse that is stable
The IMC controller eliminates all elements in the process model Gm(s) that lead to an
unrealizable controller by taking the inverse of only the invertible factor to give

Structure Controller IMC

For a set point change

The IMC controller is based on the general predictive control structure. The controller
design method adheres to criteria that ensure zero offset for sleeplike disturbances,
and it employs a factorization approach to obtain a realizable approximate inverse that
gives good feedback control performance. An adjustable filter (tuning parameter) was
introduced to enable the engineer to moderate the feedback action to maintain good
performance of the controller and manipulated variables in the presence of
measurement noise and model error.

The Smith Predictor

The control designed by O. Smith preceded much of the general analysis of predictive
systems; in fact; it predated the application of digital computers to process control, so
that widespread implementation of Smiths results were delayed until real-time digital
control computers became commercially available.

Smiths approach, shown


in the figure, relies on the
general predictive
structure in which the
controller is calculated by
the elements in the
dashed box; these
elements perform the
function of the predictive
control algorithm Gcp(s) in
the last figure

In conclusion, the Smith predictor conforms to the general principles of the predictive
control structure. It employs a unique method for calculating an approximate model
inverse: by controlling a model consisting of the invertible part of the model. This
structure can achieve zero steady state offset for steplike disturbances by conforming
to easily achieved criteria.
Again, the Smith predictor system is simple to implement in digital control and
generally yields good control performance
The tuning of the PI controller must be appropriate for the predictive structure and can
be adjust to make the Smith Predictor more or less aggressive to provide the desired
controlled and manipulated variable performance for the expected range of model
mismatch

Implementation Guidelines
It is important to remember that predictive controllers employ the same feedback
principles as classical structures and involve basically the same task to design,
implement, and operate.
The engineering tasks include:

-Selecting the feedback measurement.


-Selecting the manipulated variable.
-Determine an appropriate model structure with parameters.
-Selecting an algorithm.
-Establishing the tuning contents.
-Decide the status of the controller (automatic or manual).
-Enter the set point value.

THANK YOU
:D

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