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Chapter5 - For Loops - v2

For loops allow code to be executed repeatedly for each value in a vector. The syntax uses a variable like i or k to iterate through each element of the vector. For example, a for loop could print the phrase "Welcome Huskies" n times based on a user-input value of n. For loops are commonly used to process each element of a vector or array individually, such as calculating the average of user-input numbers by adding them to a running total variable inside the for loop.

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38 views24 pages

Chapter5 - For Loops - v2

For loops allow code to be executed repeatedly for each value in a vector. The syntax uses a variable like i or k to iterate through each element of the vector. For example, a for loop could print the phrase "Welcome Huskies" n times based on a user-input value of n. For loops are commonly used to process each element of a vector or array individually, such as calculating the average of user-input numbers by adding them to a running total variable inside the for loop.

Uploaded by

Louis Reynolds
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter5 part3

For Loops (Section 5.3)

for loops vs. while loops


In while
we ask MATLAB to execute a block of
code while a certain condition is true

In for loops
we ask MATLAB to execute a block of
code for all values in a certain vector
Usually used to execute a block of code
for a certain number of times

for loop syntax


The template for a for loop is:
for<variable>=<vector>
<codeblock>
end

Here is how it works:


For each value in <vector>, assign the
value to <variable> and execute the
<code block>
1-3

Simple for loop example

impleForLoop

>> SimpleForLoop

Workspace
index
1

Simple for loop example

impleForLoop

>> SimpleForLoop
1

Workspace
index
1

Simple for loop example

impleForLoop

>> SimpleForLoop
1

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index
2

Simple for loop example

impleForLoop

>> SimpleForLoop
1
2

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index
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Simple for loop example

impleForLoop

>> SimpleForLoop
1
2

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index
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Simple for loop example

impleForLoop

>> SimpleForLoop
1
2
3

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index
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Simple for loop example

impleForLoop

>> SimpleForLoop
1
2
3

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index
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Simple for loop example

impleForLoop

>> SimpleForLoop
1
2
3
4

Workspace
index
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A for loop can be any of the following


for k= [1,3,7,8,9,11]
disp(k)
end
for k = 1:4
disp(k)
end
for k = 2:0.5:3
disp(k)
end
for k = 0:-2:-7
disp(k)
end

k takes on the values one by one

Implied increment of 1
Values of k : 1 2 3 4
real number increment
Values of k: 2 2.5 3

Negative increment
Values of k: 0 -2 -4 -6

Do we have to use the loop index


inside the loop?
No sometimes it just serves as a
counter
Example 2: A function used in printing
flyers. The function accepts a number
n as a parameter and prints the phrase
Welcome Huskies n times

Example 2: A program used in printing


flyers that reads a number n and prints
phrase Welcome
Huskies
n times
n the
= input(Enter
the number
of lines);
% prints a greeting n times

for k= 1:n
% print the greeting

disp('Welcome Huskies')
end

k is not used in the loop body!

Example 3
Calculate the average of 4 numbers given by the user

ear
% Average 4 numbers from user input
n= 4; % number of data values

total = 0;;
for k= 1:n

Initialize your variables in


which the total will be
accumilated

% read and process input value

num= input('Enter a number: ');


total= total + num;
end
avrg = total/n; % average of n numbers
fprintf('Average is %f\n', avrg)
15

Another way !
Save the values entered by the user in a
vector of values then use the built in
function mean() !
The loop
is usedfrom
to read
values
%
Average
4 numbers
user the
input
n= 4; % initialize the number of data values
numbers = [];
for k= 1:n
% read and save input value

num= input('Enter a number: ');


numbers = [numbers num]
end
avrg = mean(numbers);% average of n numbers
fprintf('Average is %f\n', avrg) 16

A solution without a loop


Read all values at once as a vector. The
user would have to enclose the numbers
between [ ].
% read and save input values as a vector
num= input('Enter a list of numbers between [ ]: ');
avrg = mean(numbers);% average of n numbers
fprintf('Average is %f\n', avrg)

17

Back to the examples


Examples:
Given a set of genes and their expressions, get
all genes with expression higher than a specific
level.
In a pass fail course, give all students with total
grade >= 60 a letter grade P and students
with total grade < 60 a letter grade of F.
Schedule payday for employees based on the
first letter of their last names.
Set the room A/C temperature based on the
time of the day.

Genes
Find genes with expression
level
>= 10 and output their
IDs

12104
37990
11410
34412
41319
28671
25443

GenesIDs

Demo on MATLAB

190.2
5204.3
25.1
7.7
799.4
6.0
940.9

GeneExp

Loops and fprintf


Given a vector A of numbers, print a
two column table with the numbers
in column 1 and their square roots in
the second column (similar to
homework assignment 1)

Given a vector A of numbers, print a


two column table with the numbers
in column 1 and their square roots in
second column
Firstthe
attempt

Given a vector A of numbers, print a


two column table with the numbers
in column 1 and their square roots in
the second
column
Second
attempt
Use fprintf for better number formatting

A
sqrtA

Big Mess!!

Given a vector A of numbers, print a


two column table with the numbers
in column 1 and their square roots in
theattempt
second column
Third
Use fprintf inside a for loop for better
control
of the order in which elements are
printed
returns the number of
elements in A
Send the values 2 at a time

A solution without a loop


A = 1:10; % generate the numbers
sqrtA = sqrt(A); % get the sqrt
% combine the two vectors vertically
A_sqrtA = [A; sqrtA];
Disp(A
sqrt(A));
fprintf(%d \t %5.2f \n, A_sqrtA)

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