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    29 CFR 1910.1000 - Air Contaminants

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    Muhammad Mujahid
    This document discusses air contaminant exposure limits set by OSHA. It explains key terms like permissible exposure limits (PELs) and time weighted averages. It provides tables listing exposure limits for various air contaminants and gases. It also provides formulas for computing cumulative and equivalent exposures when workers are exposed to multiple contaminants over an 8-hour shift. Exposures are acceptable as long as they do not exceed the limits in the tables and the equivalent exposure is under 1.

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    29 CFR 1910.1000 - Air Contaminants

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Mujahid
    125 views11 pages
    This document discusses air contaminant exposure limits set by OSHA. It explains key terms like permissible exposure limits (PELs) and time weighted averages. It provides tables listing exposure limits for various air contaminants and gases. It also provides formulas for computing cumulative and equivalent exposures when workers are exposed to multiple contaminants over an 8-hour shift. Exposures are acceptable as long as they do not exceed the limits in the tables and the equivalent exposure is under 1.

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    This document discusses air contaminant exposure limits set by OSHA. It explains key terms like permissible exposure limits (PELs) and time weighted averages. It provides tables listing exposure limits for various air contaminants and gases. It also provides formulas for computing cumulative and equivalent exposures when workers are exposed to multiple contaminants over an 8-hour shift. Exposures are acceptable as long as they do not exceed the limits in the tables and the equivalent exposure is under 1.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    125 views11 pages

    29 CFR 1910.1000 - Air Contaminants

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Mujahid
    This document discusses air contaminant exposure limits set by OSHA. It explains key terms like permissible exposure limits (PELs) and time weighted averages. It provides tables listing exposure limits for various air contaminants and gases. It also provides formulas for computing cumulative and equivalent exposures when workers are exposed to multiple contaminants over an 8-hour shift. Exposures are acceptable as long as they do not exceed the limits in the tables and the equivalent exposure is under 1.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    29 CFR 1910.

    1000
    Air Contaminants
    By: Muhammad Mujahid

    Air Contamination:

    Air
    pollution/contaminationis
    the
    introduction
    ofparticulates, biological molecules, or other harmful
    materials into theEarth's atmosphere, possibly causing
    disease, death to humans, damage to other living
    organisms such as food crops, or thenatural orbuilt
    environment.

    According to Code of Federal Regulations(CFR) An


    employee's exposure to any substance listed in following
    Tables Z-1, Z-2, or Z-3 of this section shall be limited in
    accordance with the requirements of the following
    paragraphs.

    Terms Used Explained


    Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL):
    Its the maximum amount or concentration of a chemical that a worker may
    be exposed to under OSHA (Occupational Health and Safety Administration)
    regulations.
    PEL's can be defined in two different ways as discussed in the OSHA
    regulation on air contaminants, 1910.1000:

    Ceiling values- at no time should this exposure limit be exceeded.


    Sometimes denoted with the letter C.

    8-hour Time Weighted Averages (TWA)- are an average value of


    exposure
    over
    the
    course
    of
    an
    8
    hour
    work
    shift.
    TWA levels are usually lower than ceiling values. Thus, a worker may be
    exposed to a level higher than the TWA for part of the day (but still lower
    than the ceiling value) as long as he is exposed to levels below the TWA
    for the rest of the day.

    TABLEZ1(Liquids)
    Substance

    CAS No. (c)

    ppm (a)

    mg/m(3)
    (b)

    Acetaldehyde

    64-19-7

    200

    360

    Acetic acid

    64-19-7

    10

    25

    Acetic anhydride

    108-24-7

    20

    Butylamine

    75-05-8

    (C)5

    (C)15

    CAS No. Unique numericalidentifierassigned byChemical Abstracts


    Service(CAS) to every chemical substance
    (C) designation denotes a ceiling limit. Ceiling limit is Maximum allowable
    humanexposure limitfor an airborne or gaseous substance.
    (a) Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contaminated air by volume at 25
    degrees C and 760 torr.
    (b) Milligrams of substance per cubic meter of air.

    (a)Table Z-1:

    (1)Substances with limits preceded by CCeiling


    Values.An employee's exposure to any substance in Table
    Z-1, the exposure limit of which is preceded by a C,
    shall at no time exceed the exposure limit given for that
    substance. If instantaneous monitoring is not feasible,
    then the ceiling shall be assessed as a 15-minute time
    weighted average exposure which shall not be exceeded
    at any time during the working day.

    (2)Other
    substances8-hour
    Time
    Weighted
    Averages.An employee's exposure to any substance in
    Table Z-1, the exposure limit of which is not preceded by
    a C, shall not exceed the 8-hour Time Weighted Average
    given for that substance in any 8-hour work shift of a 40hour work week.

    TABLEZ2(Gases)
    Substance

    8-hour time
    weighted
    average

    Acceptable maximum peak


    Acceptable
    above the acceptable ceiling
    ceiling
    concentration concentration for an 8-hr shift
    Concentration

    Maximum
    duration

    Benzene

    10 ppm

    25 ppm

    50 ppm

    10 minutes

    Beryllium

    2 ug/m(3)

    5 ug/m(3)

    25 ug/m(3)

    30 minutes

    Cadmium fume

    0.1 mg/m(3)

    0.3 mg/m(3)

    Cyanide

    0.2 mg/m(3)

    0.6 mg/m(3)

    Carbon
    disulfide

    20 ppm

    30 ppm

    100 ppm

    30 minutes

    (b)Table Z-2:

    An employee's exposure to any substance listed in Table Z-2


    shall not exceed the exposure limits specified as follows:

    (1)8-hour time weighted averages.An employee's exposure


    to any substance listed in Table Z-2, in any 8-hour work shift of
    a 40-hour work week, shall not exceed the 8-hour time
    weighted average limit given for that substance in Table Z-2.

    (2)Acceptable
    ceiling
    concentrations.An
    employee's
    exposure to a substance listed in Table Z-2 shall not exceed at
    any time during an 8-hour shift the acceptable ceiling
    concentration limit given for the substance in the table, except
    for a time period, and up to a concentration not exceeding the
    maximum duration and concentration allowed in the column
    under acceptable maximum peak above the acceptable ceiling
    concentration for an 8-hour shift.

    (c)Table Z-3:

    An employee's exposure to any substance listed in Table


    Z-3, in any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week, shall
    not exceed the 8-hour time weighted average limit given
    for that substance in the table.

    TABLEZ3(solids)

    Substance

    Mppf a

    mg/m3

    Quartz(Crystalli
    ne)

    250
    %SiO2+5

    10 mg/m3
    %SiO2+2

    Amorphous

    20

    80 mg/m3
    %SiO2

    Millions of particles per cubic foot of air,

    Computation formulae.

    The cumulative exposure for an 8-hour work shift shall be computed


    as follows:
    E = (CaTa+CbTb+. . .CnTn)8
    Where:
    E is the equivalent exposure for the working shift.
    C is the concentration during any period of time T where the
    concentration remains constant.
    T is the duration in hours of the exposure at the concentration C.
    For example;
    Two hours exposure at 150 ppm
    Two hours exposure at 75 ppm
    Four hours exposure at 50 ppm
    Substituting this information in the formula, we have
    (2150 + 275 + 450)8 = 81.25 ppm

    Continued

    in case of a mixture of air contaminants an employer shall


    compute the equivalent exposure as follows:
    Em=(C1L1+C2L2)+. . .(CnLn)
    Where:
    Emis the equivalent exposure for the mixture.
    C is the concentration of a particular contaminant.
    L is the exposure limit for that substance specified.
    The value of Emshall not exceed unity (1).

    Example: Mixture of Contaminants


    Substance

    Actual exposure

    Max TWA exposure

    500

    1000

    45

    200

    40

    200

    Substituting in the formula, we have:


    Em=5001,000+45200+40200
    Em=0.500+0.225+0.200
    Em=0.925
    Since Emis less than unity (1), the exposure combination is within
    acceptable limits.

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