Sales & Distribution

(SD)

SD: Functionality

Sales Support
Sales
Shipping and Transportation
Billing
Credit Management
Foreign Trade

Sales & Distribution

Org Structure & Master Data

SD: Organizational Structures

S&D Structure
Client
Company Code
Sales Area

Internal Sales Structure

Sales Offices
Sales Groups
Salesperson

Sales Organization
Distribution Channel
Division

Plant
Shipping Point
Loading Point

SD: Structure for Sales Order Processing

Client 410

Sales Area

Company Code
C100

Plant P100

Plant P101

Sales Org
S100

Distribution
Channel (RE)

Division
(01)

SD: Internal Sales Structure

US Sales Office
S100

Western Sales
Office

Eastern Sales
Office

Northwest Sales
Group

Southwest Sales
Group

Northwest Sales
Group

Southwest Sales
Group

Salesperson 1

Salesperson 4

Salesperson 6

Salesperson 7

Salesperson 2

Salesperson 5

Salesperson 3

Salesperson 8
Salesperson 9

SD: Structure for Distribution

Client 410

Company Code
C100

Plant P100

Shipping Point
Rail Dock

Loading Point
LP03

Loading Point
LP02

Plant P101

Shipping Point
Express Dock

Shipping Point
Freight Dock

Loading Point
LP01

SD: Master Data

Condition Master Data

Customer Master Data

Material Master Data

Cust/Mat Info Record

Output Master Data

SD: Customer Master Data

Customer Master
Contains all of the information
necessary for processing
orders, deliveries, invoices and
customer payment
Every customer MUST have a
master record

Customer Master Data is

created by Sales Area
Sales Organization
Distribution Channel
Division

SD: Customer Master Data

The customer master
information is divided
into 3 areas:
General Data
Company Code Data
Sales Area Data

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SD: Customer Master

General Information relevant for the entire organization:
Name
Address
Communication

Client 410

Company Code specific information:

Acc. Mgmt
Payment
Bank

Company Code 102

Company Code 101
Company Code 100

Sales Area specific information:

Sales Office
Currency

Sales Org. 101

Sales Org. 100

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SD: Master Data

Material Master
Contains all the information a
company needs to manage
about a material
It is used by most components
within the SAP system

Sales and Distribution

Materials Management
Production
Plant Maintenance
Accounting/Controlling
Quality Management

Material master data is stored

in functional segments called
Views

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SD: Material Master Views

Sales Data
Basic Data

Purchasing Data
Mat. Plan. Data
Material Master

Forecasting Data
Storage Data

Controlling Data

Quality Data
Accounting Data

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SD: Material Master

General Information relevant for the entire organization:
Name
Weight
U/M

Client 410

Sales specific information: Delivery Plant

Loading Grp

Plant 102
Plant 101
Plant 100

Storage Location specific information:

Stock Qty

Storage Location 20
Storage Location 10

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SD: Customer-Material Information Record

Data on a material defined for
a specific customer is stored
in a Customer material info
record.

Info Records contain:

customer-specific material number
customer-specific material
description
customer-specific data on
deliveries and delivery tolerances

You can also maintain default text

to appear on sales orders for that
customer

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SD: Condition Master (Pricing)

Condition master data includes:

Prices
Surcharges
Discounts
Freights
Taxes

You can define the condition master

to be dependent on various data:
Material specific
Customer specific

Conditions can be dependent on

any document field
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SD: Output
Output is information that
is sent to the customer
using various media, such
as:

E-mail
Mail
EDI
Fax
XML

Output examples:
Quotation
Confirmation
Invoice

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Sales & Distribution

Sales

Sales Order Process

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Sales: The Process

Pre-sales
Activities

Sales Order
Entry
Check
Availability
Pick
Materials

Receipt of
Customer Payment
Invoice
Customer

Pack
Materials
Post Goods
Issue
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SD: Pre-Sales Activities (CRM Light)

Sales Support is a component of SD that assists in the sales,
distribution, and marketing of a companies products and
services to its customers. It contains the following functionality:
Creating and tracking customer contacts and communications
(sales activity)

Phone call records

On-site meeting
Letters
Campaign communication

Implementing and tracking direct mailing, internet, and trade fair

campaigns based on customer attributes

Pre-sales documents need to be managed within the presales

activities: Inquiries and Quotations. These documents help
identify possible sales related activity and determine sales
probability.
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SD: Pre-Sales Activities (CRM Light)

The ultimate goal of all presales activities is to equip
the sales technician with all
the information necessary to
negotiate and complete the
potential sale.
Information needed:

Past sales activity

Past communication
Contact information
General Company info
Credit limits and usage
Current backorders

360 view of your customer

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SD Process: Inquiry
An inquiry is a customers request to a company for
information or quotation in respect to their products
or services without obligation to purchase.
How much will it cost
Material/Service availability
May contain specific quantities and dates

The inquiry is maintained in the system and a

quotation is created to address questions for the
potential customer.

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SD Process: Quotation
The quotation presents the
customer with a legally
binding offer to deliver
specific products or a
selection of a certain
amount of products in a
specified timeframe at a
pre-defined price.

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SD Process: Sales Order

Sales order processing can originate from a variety of
documents and activities
Customer contacts us for order: phone, internet, email
Existing Contract
Quotations

The electronic document that is created should contain the

following basic information:

Customer Information
Material/service and quantity
Pricing (conditions)
Specific delivery dates and quantities
Shipping information
Billing Information
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SD Process: Sales Order

The sales document is
made up of three primary
areas:
Header
Data relevant for the entire
sales order: Ex: customer data,
total cost of the order

Line Item
Information about the specific
product: Ex: material and
quantity, cost of an individual
line

Schedule Lines
Uniquely belongs to a Line
Item, contains delivery
quantities and dates for partial
deliveries
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SD Process: Sales Order

The sales order contains all of the information
needed to process your customers request, the
following information is determined for each sales
order:

Delivering Schedule
Shipping point and route determination
Availability Check
Transfer of requirements to MRP
Pricing
Credit limit check
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Sales Order: Delivery Scheduling

When an order is created the you must enter a
requested delivery date for the order or each line
item.
The system will then determine a delivery timeline,
this will be used when determining our material
availability, or ATP (Availablity to Promise) date.
The system will determine this date using forward
and backward scheduling rules you have defined.

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Sales Order: Backward Scheduling

Order
Date

1st

Material
Availability

2nd

Pick & Pack

Time
(2 days)

Transp.
Sched.

Loading

3rd

4th

Transp.
Sched.
Time
(1 day)

Loading
Time
(1 day)

Goods
Issue

5th

Requested
Delv. Date

6th
Transit
Time
(2 days)

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Sales Order: Forward Scheduling

Order
Date

Transp.
Material
Availability Sched.

1st
Pick & Pack
Time (2 days)

2nd

3rd

Loading

4th
Transp.
Sched.
Time
(1 day)

Goods
Issue

5th
Loading
Time
(1 day)

Requested
Delv.
Date

New
Delv.
Date

6th

7th

Transit
Time
(2 days)

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Sales Order: Shipping & Route Determination

During the creation of the sales order the system must
determine the shipping point from which the material will be
shipped and the route the material will take to get from your
warehouse to your customers location.
A shipping point is determined for each line item within the
order.
The route determination will is used to define the transit
time of the material that we used in scheduling.

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Sales Order: Availability Check

Availability Check
Determines the material
availability date
Considers all inward and
outward inventory
movements

Proposes 3 methods of
delivery
One-time delivery
Complete delivery
Delayed proposal

Rules are created by YOU

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Sales Order: Transfer to Planning

The order is transferred to Material Requirements Planning
as an (CIR) Customer Independent Requirement. If a
deficit is found the system will propose a Purchase Req. or
Order to fulfill the shortage.

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Sales Order: Pricing

The system displays pricing information for all sales
documents on the pricing screens at both the header and
the line item level.
Header pricing is valid for the whole order it is the cumulitive of all
line items within the order
Line item pricing is for each specific material.

The system will automatically search for price, discounts,

surcharges, calculate taxes and freight. You have the ability
to manually manipulate the pricing at both the header and
line item level within the sales order by entering a condition
type and amount.
Taxes and freight can be set-up so we cant manually enter.
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Sales Order: Credit Check

Allows your company to manage its credit exposure and risk for each
customer by specifying credit limits.
During the sales order process the system will alert the sales rep about
the customers credit situation that arises, if necessary the system can
be configured to block orders and deliveries.

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SD Process: Shipping & Transportation

The shipping process begins when you create the
delivery document for the sales order. This
document controls, supports, and monitors
numerous sub-processes for shipping processing:
Picking
Packing
Post Goods Issue

Integrated with the Material Management (MM) and

Finance (FI) modules

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SD Process: Shipping

Sales Order 1

Sales Order 4

Sales Order 2

Delivery 813

Sales Order 3

Delivery 814

Delivery 812

Order
Combination

Sales Order 5

Delivery 816

Delivery 815

Partial
Delivery

Complete
Delivery
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SD Process: Delivery Creation

Checks order and materials to determine if a
delivery is possible delivery block (hold),
completeness
Confirms availability
Confirms export/foreign trade requirements
Determines total weight & volume

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SD Process: Delivery Creation

Generates packing proposal

Calculates weight and volume
Checks scheduling
Considers partial deliveries
Updates route assignment
Assigns picking location
Determines batches
Quality check (if needed)
Updates sales order

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SD Process: Delivery Document

The Delivery Document initiates the delivery
process and is the control mechanism for this
process

Picking
Packing
Loading
Posting Goods Issue

Changes to delivery are allowable - products,

quantities

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Delivery: Picking
Quantities based on delivery note
Assigned date when picking should begin
Automated storage location assignment
Supports serial number/lot number tracking and
batch management
Integrated with Warehouse Management (WM)

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Delivery: Loading and Packing

Identifies which packaging is to be used for
specified products (customer preference and UCC128 considerations)
Identifies and updates accounts associated with
returnable packaging
Tracks the packed product by container
Insures weight/volume restrictions are enforced
All packed items are assigned to the required
means of transportation
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Delivery: Goods Issue

Event that indicates the legal change in ownership
of the products
Reduces inventory and enters Cost of Goods Sold
Automatically updates the General Ledger (G/L)
accounts
Ends the shipping process and updates the status
of the shipping documents

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SD Process: Billing
The billing document is created by coping data
from the sales order and/or delivery document.
Order-based billing
Delivery-based billing

The billing process is used to generate the

customer invoice.
It will update the customers credit status.

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SD Process: Billing Documents

The billing document will
automatically create a debit
posting to your customer
sub-ledger account and
credit your revenue account.
It is at this point that the
sales process is passed over
to Financial Accounting to
await payment.

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SD Process: Billing Methods

Delivery based
Invoicing

Delivery 820

Invoice 945

Delivery 821

Invoice 946

Order 6

Delivery 833

Collective
Invoicing

Order 9
Delivery 834
Order 14

Split
Invoicing

Invoice 968

Delivery 856

Invoice 991
Order 32

Delivery 886
Invoice 992

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SD Process: Payment
Payment is the final step in the sales order process, this
step is managed by the Financial Accounting
department.
Final payment includes:
Posting payments against invoices.
Reconciling differences between payment and invoice.

Payment will create a posting clearing the liability in the

A/R account and decreasing your bank account.

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SD Process: Document Flow

The document flow and
order status feature allows
you to find the status of an
order at any point in time.
The SAP updates the order
status every time a change
is made to any document
created in the customer
order management cycle
(Order-to-Cash).

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