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Design of Column & Internals - Overview

This document provides an overview of distillation column design and internals presented by Prof. K. V. Rao. It begins with definitions of distillation and descriptions of basic distillation operations. It then discusses aspects of distillation column design like trays and packings used as internal contact devices. Different types of trays are described, including bubble cap trays, sieve trays, and dual flow trays. Common packing materials are also listed. Flow patterns within the column and functions of reboilers are outlined. Merits and demerits of using trays are briefly touched upon.

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237 views61 pages

Design of Column & Internals - Overview

This document provides an overview of distillation column design and internals presented by Prof. K. V. Rao. It begins with definitions of distillation and descriptions of basic distillation operations. It then discusses aspects of distillation column design like trays and packings used as internal contact devices. Different types of trays are described, including bubble cap trays, sieve trays, and dual flow trays. Common packing materials are also listed. Flow patterns within the column and functions of reboilers are outlined. Merits and demerits of using trays are briefly touched upon.

Uploaded by

HariKrishnaBushi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Jawaharlal Nehru Technological

University Kakinada
III Year B. Tech. Petrochemical Engineering
II Sem.
DESIGN OF COLUMN & INTERNALS

OVER VIEW

Presented by

Prof. K. V. Rao
Academic Advisor / Visiting Professor
Petroleum Courses
JNTUK

Contents

Distillation -Definition

Distillation Operation

Distillation Design

Column Internals

Trays and Packing: Design aspects

BASIC OPERATION OF DISTILLATION COLUMN


Distillationisaprocessinwhichaliquidorvapourmixtureoftwo
ormoresubstancesisseparatedintoitscomponentfractionsofdesired
purity,bytheapplicationandremovalofheat.
Itisaunitoperationandthecomponentstobeseparateddepends
onthedifferencesinboilingpointsoftheindividualcomponents.Also,
dependingontheconcentrationsofthecomponentspresent.

MethodsOfDistillation:

DifferentialorSimpleDistillation

FlashDistillation

RectificationorFractionationalDistillation

Distillation
Operation

Distillation Operation

Distillation Operation

Distillation Operation

Distillation Operation

Distillation Operation

Distillation Operation

Distillation Operation

DISTILLATION - DESIGN

Column Internals :

The plates or trays are contacting devices and used to hold up the
liquid to provide better contact between vapour and liquid, hence better
separation .
1. Trays /Plates

2. Packings

TRAYS

P A C K IN G

T R A Y S W IT H D O W N C O M E R
VALVE TRAYS

RANDOM

S IE V E T R A Y S

STR UC TUR ED

BUBBLE CAP TRAYS


T R A Y S W IT H O U T D O W N C O M E R
DUAL FLO W TRAYS

I G E N E R A T IO N

II G E N E R A T IO N

III G E N E R A T IO N

BAFFLE TRAYS
D IS C & D O N U T T R A Y S
R IP P L E T R A Y S
M ULTI DO W NCO M ER TRAYS
P R O P R IE T A R Y D E S IG N S (M V G , S U P E R F R A C )
T R IT O N , P R O V A L V E
NYE TRAYS
C O L L E C T O R / C H IM N E Y T R A Y S
N O N - F R A C T IO N A T IO N T R A Y S

R A S C H IG
L E S S IN G
C R O S S P A R T IT IO N R IN G
BERL SADDLES

P A L L R IN G
HYPAK
IM T P
CMR
N U T T E R R IN G

GEMPAK
M ELLAPAK
IN T A L O X
PARLPAK

Bubble Cap / Valve trays


In valve trays / Bubble Cap trays, perforations are
covered by liftable caps. Vapour flows lifts the caps,
thus self creating a flow area for the passage of
vapour. The lifting cap directs the vapour to flow
horizontally into the liquid, thus providing better
mixing

Typical Flow of Vapors & Liquids Inside the


Column

Packings :

RASCHIG RING

PALL
RING

INTALOX
SADDLE

Typical
Typical Tray
Tray Section
Section
Inlet Weir
Outlet
Weir

Tray
s

Downcom
er
Seal
Pot

Classification of Trays

Based on the Number of liquid


paths
1. Single Pass
2. Two Pass
3. Three Pass
4. Four Pass

COLUMN REBOILERS

Merits & Demerits of


Trays

Thank You

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