Scribd
Upload
75 views

Computer Basics - Inside A Desktop Computer

The document describes the basic internal components of a desktop computer including the CPU, motherboard, power supply, RAM, hard drive, and common expansion cards. It provides details on what each component does and its purpose in the computer.

Uploaded by

Febri Ardinarr Estrada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
75 views

Computer Basics - Inside A Desktop Computer

The document describes the basic internal components of a desktop computer including the CPU, motherboard, power supply, RAM, hard drive, and common expansion cards. It provides details on what each component does and its purpose in the computer.

Uploaded by

Febri Ardinarr Estrada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

Inside a Desktop

Computer
Member Of Group :
Febri Agung S
Khoirul Anam
Muhammad Irfan
Muhammad Fachri

Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam


Progam Studi Ilmu Komputer
Universitas Pakuan

Page 1

Inside a Desktop
Computer
Have you ever looked inside a
computer case before, or seen pictures of
the inside of one? The small parts may
look complicated, but the inside of a
computer case really isn't all that
mysterious. This lesson will help you
master some of the basic terminology
and understand a bit more about what
goes on inside a computer casing.

Page 2

CPU / Processor
The central processing unit (CPU), also
called a processor, is located inside the computer
case on the motherboard. It is sometimes called
the brain of the computer, and its job is to carry out
commands. Whenever you press a key, click the
mouse, or start an application, you're sending
instructions to the CPU.
The CPU is generally a two-inch ceramic
square with a silicon chip located inside. The chip
is usually about the size of a thumbnail. The CPU
fits into the motherboard's CPU socket, which is
covered by the heat sink, an object that absorbs
heat from the CPU.
Page 3

CPU / Processor
(Cont)
A processor's speed is measured in
megahertz (MHz), or millions of instructions per
second, and gigahertz (GHz), or billions of
instructions per second. A faster processor can
execute instructions more quickly. However, the
actual speed of the computer depends on the
speed of many different componentsnot just the
processor.
There are many processor manufacturers
for personal computers, but the most well-known
ones are Intel and AMD.

Page 4

Motherboard
The motherboard is the computer's main
circuit board. It's a thin plate that holds the CPU,
memory, connectors for the hard drive and optical
drives, expansion cards to control the video and
audio, and connections to your computer's ports
(such as USB ports). The motherboard connects
directly or indirectly to every part of the computer.

Page 5

Power supply unit


The power supply unit in a computer
converts the power from the wall outlet to the type
of power needed by the computer. It sends power
through the cables to the motherboard and other
components.

If you decide to open the computer case


and take a look, make sure to unplug the computer
first. Before touching the inside of the computer,
you should touch a grounded metal object (or a
metal part of the computer casing) to discharge any
static buildup. Static electricity can be transmitted
through the computer circuits and ruin them.

Page 6

Power supply unit

Page 7

RAM (random access


memory)
RAM is your system's short-term
memory. Whenever your computer performs
calculations, it temporarily stores the data in the
RAM until it is needed.
This short-term memory disappears
when the computer is turned off. If you're working
on a document, spreadsheet, or other type of file,
you'll need to save it to avoid losing it. When you
save a file, the data is written to the hard drive,
which acts as long-term storage.

Page 8

RAM (random access


memory)
RAM is measured in megabytes (MB) or
gigabytes (GB). The more RAM you have, the
more things your computer can do at the same
time. If you don't have enough RAM, you may
notice that your computer is sluggish when you
have several programs open. Because of this,
many people add extra RAM to their computers to
improve performance.
A bit is the smallest unit of data in
computer processing. A byte is a group of eight
bits. A megabyte contains about one million bytes,
and a gigabyte is about one billion bytes.

Page 9

RAM (random access


memory)

Page 10

Hard drive
The hard drive is the data center of the
computer. This is where the software is installed,
and it's also where your documents and other files
are stored. The hard drive is long-term storage,
which means the data is still saved even if you turn
the computer off or unplug it.
When you run a program or open a file, the
computer copies some of the data from the hard
drive onto the RAM so it can access the data more
easily. When you save a file, the data is copied
back to the hard drive. The faster the hard drive is,
the faster your computer can start up and load
programs.
Page 11

Hard drive
Most hard drives are hard disk drives,
which store data on a magnetic platter. Some
computers now use solid-state drives (also called
flash hard drives). These are faster and more
durable than hard disk drives, but they are also
more expensive.
A USB flash drive is basically a small,
removable flash hard drive that plugs into a USB
port. These are a convenient way to bring your
files with you and open them on a different
computer.

Page 12

Expansion cards
Most computers have expansion slots on
the motherboard that allow you to add various
types of expansion cards. These are sometimes
called PCI (peripheral component interconnect)
cards. You may never have to add any PCI cards,
as most motherboards have built-in video, sound,
network, and other capabilities. However, if you
want to boost the performance of your computer or
update the capabilities of an older computer, you
can always add one or more cards. Below are
some of the most common types of expansion
cards:

Page 13

Video card
The video card is responsible for what
you see on the monitor. Most computers have a
GPU (graphics processing unit) built into the
motherboard, instead of having a separate video
card. If you like playing graphics-intensive games
on the computer, you can add a faster video card to
one of the expansion slots to get better
performance.

Page 14

Sound card & Network


card
The sound card, also called an audio
card, is responsible for what you hear in the
speakers or headphones. Most motherboards have
integrated sound, but you can upgrade to a
dedicated sound card for higher-quality sound.

The network card allows your computer to


communicate over a network and access the
Internet. It can either connect with an Ethernet
cable or through a wireless connection (often
called Wi-Fi). Many motherboards have built-in
network connections, and a network card can also
be added to an expansion slot.

Page 15

Bluetooth card
Bluetooth is a technology for wireless
communication over short distances. It's often used
in computers to communicate with wireless
keyboards, mice, and printers. It's often built into
the motherboard or included in a wireless network
card. For computers that don't have Bluetooth, a
USB adapter (called a dongle) can be purchased.

Page 16

THANK YOU

Page 17

You might also like