ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Course No. 6
Conf. Ph. D. Eng. LIGIA PETRESCU
22-Dec-14
7.4 MACHINE PARTS WITH THREAD
Threaded fasteners are classified as semi permanent attachments or joints. To have such a joint two parts
are necessary:
1.
the external threaded part named bolt like bolts, studs, screws, end threaded shafts;
bolt (Fig. 7.4 STAS 4272-89),
stud (Fig. 7.5 STAS 4551-80)
a).
Fig. 7. 4
Fig. 7. 5
2.
b).
c).
d).
Fig. 7. 6
e).
cap screw
- five types of cap screws are shown in Fig. 7.6:
a hexagon head screw (STAS 4272-89);
b flat head screw (STAS 2571-90);
c round head screw (STAS 5383-80);
d fillister head screw (STAS 3954-87);
e hexagon socket screw (SR ISO 4762:93).
the internal threaded part named nut (a part with threaded hole); - hexagon nut (Fig. 7.7 STAS
922-90).
- plane washer STAS 5200-91
- lock, spring or Grower washer
SR ISO 7666-2:94
Fig. 7. 8
Fig. 7. 9
Fig. 7. 7
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Geometrical dimensions of threaded parts are based on the bolts rod diameter d (the major
diameter of the thread too), and the principal of them are:
the minor diameter of thread:
d1=0.85d
the circumscribe head circles dia.: Da=2d
Db2d
Dc1.6d
Dd=1.5d
De=1.5d
the wrench opening:
the head height:
the nut height:
22-Dec-14
S=1.7d
Ha=0.7d
Hb=0.5d
Hc=0.75d
Hd=0.75d
He=0.75d
Hn=0.85d
the washer diameter:
Dw=2.2d
Dlw=1.5d
the washer thickness:
hw=0.15d
hlw=0.25d
3
Geometrical dimensions of threaded parts are based on the bolts rod diameter d (the major
diameter of the thread too):
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7.5 ASSEMBLY DRAWING.
Even the simplest machines have several parts, it is necessary for both design and production to know how
the various parts fit together. Drawings made to show these relationships are called Assembly Drawings.
Such a drawing offers some special information about the component parts, in a Parts List, a bill of material,
and is located in top of the title block (Fig. 7.10).
10
50
45
10
25
15
03
7
01
10
02
P.
No.
Hexagon head screw
Name
STAS 4272-89
Drawing no. or SR-ISO
Student
OL45
Req
Material
Rem.
Mass
HW - 10
Professor
40
Mass
121
1:1
11.12.2004
22-Dec-14
Fig. 7. 10
THREADED
FASTENERS
5
7.5.1 ENGINEERING MATERIALS METALS AND ALLOYS.
No.
Material
Gray cast iron
Symbol
STAS
Fc100, Fc150, , Fc400
568-82
Fma350, Fma400
2
Malleable iron
Fmn300, Fmn320, Fmn350, Fmn370
569-79
Fmp450, Fmp700
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Ductile iron
Fgn370-17, Fgn400-12, Fgn700-2
6071-82
Carbon steel
OL32, OL34, OL37, OL42, OL44,
OL50, OL52, OL60, OL70
500/2-80
Structural carbon
steel
Spring steel
Alloy steel
35Mn16, 13CN25, 40MoCN15
791-88
Cast steel
OT400-1,2,3, OT450-1,2, OT500-1,2,
OT550-1,2
600-82
Brass
CuZn15, CuZn20, CuZn36, CuZn37
95-90
10
Cast parts of brass
11
Cast bronze
12
Cast parts of bronze
13
Cast aluminum
alloy
AlCu8, ATNCu4MgTi, ATPSi5Cu1
201-81
14
Technical lead
PbTc1, PbTc2, PbTc3
664-52
OLC10, OLC15, , OLC60
880-88
OLC55A, OLC65A, OLC75A, OLC85A
51Si17A, 51VCr11A, 40Si17A
CuZn10PbT,
CuZn40Mn3FeT
CuZn40PbT,
795-92
199/2-86
CuSn14T, CuSn9Zn5T, CuSn4Zn4Pb17T
197/1-80
CuSn12, CuSn14, CuSn6Zn4Pb4
197/2-83
7.5.2 THE RULE OF THREADED FASTENER REPRESENTATION
A fastener is a separable joint.
Two threaded parts, a bolt and a nut, can be held together by screwing the bolt on the part which acts as a nut.
The screw thread must be the same in size, form (profile), right-hand or left-hand, single or multiple threads,
for both parts.
In assembly drawing of a fastener, the bolt has priority, which means its thread is seen over the thread of
the nut, like Fig. 7.11 shows:
In practice, the most used fasteners are:
bolted joints (Fig. 7.12);
studded joints (Fig. 7.13);
screw fastenings (Fig. 7.14)
Fig. 7.11
22-Dec-14
The part numbers are placed adjacent to the detail, using a point ending leader, to indicate the part which refers.
Two consecutive leaders cannot be parallel each other and the part numbers are aligned to the border lines of
the drawing (vertical Fig. 7.12, 7.13, horizontal, or both Fig. 7.14).
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
5
4
3
2
Fig. 7.12
Fig. 7.14
22-Dec-14
Fig. 7.13
HOME WORK HW- 06: THREADED FASTENER
Represent the most used fasteners:
bolted joints (Fig. 7.12);
studded joints (Fig. 7.13);
screw fastenings (Fig. 7.14),
if the bolts rod diameter d = 14 mm
5
4
4
5
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LAB. 05 CONNECTION to continue
Represent in three projections ([V] section, [H] view, [L] view),
scale 1:1 and dimension the next part:
a). Internal vanish thread, M24, l=32, c=2x45o;
b). external thread with neck, M28, l=16, c=2x45o, n=2;
c). circular flange, e=100, c=76, h=12, h=16.
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10
4
3
5
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11
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