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    Lecture 2.3 Information Coding Scheme

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    Khairil Ikram
    The document discusses different coding systems used to represent data in computers. It describes three popular coding systems: ASCII, EBCDIC, and Unicode. ASCII uses 7 or 8 bits and can represent 128 characters. EBCDIC uses 8 bits and was mainly used on mainframe computers. Unicode uses 32 bits and can represent any character in any language.

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    Lecture 2.3 Information Coding Scheme

    Uploaded by

    Khairil Ikram
    1K views10 pages
    The document discusses different coding systems used to represent data in computers. It describes three popular coding systems: ASCII, EBCDIC, and Unicode. ASCII uses 7 or 8 bits and can represent 128 characters. EBCDIC uses 8 bits and was mainly used on mainframe computers. Unicode uses 32 bits and can represent any character in any language.

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    The document discusses different coding systems used to represent data in computers. It describes three popular coding systems: ASCII, EBCDIC, and Unicode. ASCII uses 7 or 8 bits and can represent 128 characters. EBCDIC uses 8 bits and was mainly used on mainframe computers. Unicode uses 32 bits and can represent any character in any language.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    1K views10 pages

    Lecture 2.3 Information Coding Scheme

    Uploaded by

    Khairil Ikram
    The document discusses different coding systems used to represent data in computers. It describes three popular coding systems: ASCII, EBCDIC, and Unicode. ASCII uses 7 or 8 bits and can represent 128 characters. EBCDIC uses 8 bits and was mainly used on mainframe computers. Unicode uses 32 bits and can represent any character in any language.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    2.

    3 Information Coding
    Schemes
    Learning Outcomes
    1.
    2.

    Identify the coding system used


    in data processing
    Differentiate the coding system

    Introduction
    The combinations of 0s and 1s that represent

    characters are defined by patterns called a


    coding scheme.
    These characters include numbers, uppercase

    and lowercase letters of the alphabet, punctuation


    marks, and others, such as the letters of the
    Greek alphabet.
    Coding schemes make it possible for humans to
    interact with a digital computer that processes
    only bits.
    2

    3 popular coding systems to represent


    data :

    ASCII
    (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)

    EBCDIC
    (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code)

    Unicode
    (Uniform code capable of representing all worlds
    languages)

    ASCII
    The American Standard Code for Information

    Interchange (ASCII) is widely used in computers


    of all types.
    ASCII codes are of two types ASCII-7 and
    ASCII-8.
    ASCII-7 is a 7-bit standard ASCII code. In ASCII7, the first 3 bits are the zone bits and the next 4
    bits are for the digits.
    ASCII-8 is an extended version of ASCII-7.
    ASCII-8 is an 8-bit code having 4 bits for zone
    and 4 bits for the digit.
    4

    ASCII
    The ASCII-8 code represents 256 symbols.
    Codes 0 to 31 represent control characters (non-

    printable), because they are used for actions like,


    Carriage return (CR), Bell (BEL) etc.
    Codes 48 to 57 stand for numeric 0-9.
    Codes 65 to 90 stand for uppercase letters A-Z.
    Codes 97 to 122 stand for lowercase letters a-z.
    Codes 128-255 are the extended ASCII codes.

    EBCDIC
    The Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange

    Code (EBCDIC) uses 8 bits (4 bits for zone, 4 bits


    for digit) to represent a symbol in the data.
    EBCDIC allows 2 8 = 256 combinations of bits.
    256 unique symbols are represented using
    EBCDIC code. It represents decimal numbers (09), lower case letters (a-z), uppercase letters (AZ), Special characters, and Control characters
    (printable and non-printable e.g. for cursor
    movement, printer vertical spacing etc.).
    EBCDIC codes are used, mainly, in the
    mainframe computers.

    Unicode
    Unicode is a universal character encoding

    standard for the representation of text which


    includes letters, numbers and symbols in multilingual environments.
    Unicode uses 32 bits to represent a symbol in the
    data.
    Unicode allows 232 = 4164895296 (~ 4 billion)
    combinations.
    Unicode codes can uniquely represent any
    character or symbol present in any language like
    Chinese, Japanese etc
    7

    ASCII

    EBCDIC

    UNICODE

    Use 7 bits to
    represent a
    character

    Use 8 bits to

    used 16 bits to
    represent a
    character

    Can represent
    128 characters
    (27 = 128)

    Can represent

    capable to
    represent more
    than 65000
    characters

    primarily used on
    PC and server

    primarily used on

    represent a
    character

    256 characters
    (28 = 256)
    mainframe and
    high end servers

    Implemented in
    several OS
    (Windows, Mac OS,
    Linux)

    Examples of coding systems :


    DATA

    CODING SYSTEM
    ASCII

    EBCDIC

    UNICODE

    0000001

    00000001

    0000000000000001

    0000100

    00000100

    0000000000000100

    0001001

    00001001

    0000000000001001

    13

    0001101

    00001101

    0000000000001101

    Table
    1

    10

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