Chapter 12 Wireless Networking

Wireless Networking
Chapter 12
Chapter Objectives
Identify wireless networking

Compare wireless and wired network
Explain the different wireless standards
List the components required for wireless
networking
Discuss the various applications of wireless
networking
Troubleshoot wireless network problems
Chapter 12
Recall
Structured Cabling is a set of standards that

determine how to create a central point to start the
wiring for data or voice communications
The subsystems of structured cabling systems:
Entrance Facilities
Equipment Room
Telecommunications Room
Backbone Cabling
Horizontal Cabling
Administration and Work Area
Conduits are plastic pipes that run through wall plate

to wiring closet and between the wiring closets
Chapter 12
Wireless Networking Basics
Wireless networking allows

you to establish:
Communication using
standard network protocols
Communication without the
use of cables
Technologies used for
wireless access based on
Chapter 12
Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)

Home Radio Frequency
(HomeRF)
4
Types of Wireless Network I
Peer-to-Peer(P2P) or Ad-Hoc
Chapter 12
Connected wirelessly with the use of wireless

Network Interface Card (NIC)
Computers can access printers and share files
Wired LAN can be accessed using bridging
Types of Wireless Network II
Chapter 12
Access point or
Infrastructure wireless LAN
Wireless device connects
to the access point to
connect to the network
Access point acts as a
hub to connect two
wireless devices
Wireless bridge used to
connect wireless network
to wired network
6
Wireless Standards
Variety of standards accepted worldwide and

offer different levels of security
Wireless
Standards
IEEE 802.11
Chapter 12
Bluetooth
IrDA
HomeRF
WiMAX
IEEE 802.11 I
Developed by Institute of Electrical and Electronic

Engineers (IEEE) for defining different aspects of
Radio Frequency Wireless networking
IEEE
802.11
Standards
802.11
Chapter 12
802.11a
802.11b
802.11g
802.11n
IEEE 802.11 II
Standard
Data
Rate
Max
range
Frequency
Compatibility
802.11
2Mbps
46
meter
2.4 GHz
802.11
802.11a
54Mbps
46
meter
5 GHz
802.11a
802.11b
11Mbps
91
meter
2.4 GHz
802.11b
802.11g
54Mbps
91
meter
2.4 GHz
802.11b,
802.11g
Chapter 12
IEEE 802.11 III
Security
Chapter 12
Four methods of wireless network security:

Data encryption (WEP and WPA)
Port based access control
Service Set Identifier (SSID)
Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering
10
Components Requirements
The important components required for setting up a

wireless network are:
Chapter 12
Medium
Access point and Extension point
Wireless bridges and Power line bridges
Antennas
Wireless adapters
Wireless Station and Server
Software
11
Medium
Wireless medium is an unguided form of networking

medium
Wireless transmission involves use of technologies such
as Bluetooth, Infrared, Lasers, Radio signals and
Microwave technologies
Mobile computing allows users to do their work at any
location
Chapter 12
12
Access Point and Extension Point
Access Point
Device that bridges a wireless connection and a

wired connection
Two types of access points: Hardware access points
and Software access points
Extension Point
Chapter 12
Used if single access point is not able to cover entire

area
13
Hardware Access Points
Hardware access point is a physical device that is

used to establish a connection between a wired
network and a wireless network
Chapter 12
14
Software Access Points
Software Access Points are computer which

includes a wireless network interface card.
Chapter 12
15
Extension Point
Extension points are used if a single access

point is not able to cover the entire area.
Chapter 12
16
Wireless and Power-line bridges
Wireless bridge
Chapter 12
Used to connect two or

more wireless networks
Power-line bridge
Used to penetrate a
wireless network that is
otherwise difficult to
penetrate
17
Antennas and Adapters
Antennas are used to increase the range of wireless

network
Types of antennas used:
Omnidirectional antennas - Used indoors and small in

size
Directional antennas - High gain and used for long
range outdoor use
Wireless adapters help to connect computer or PDA

to a network
Wireless adapters are available as PC cards, PCI
and mini PCI, USB, and CompactFlash.
Chapter 12
18
Wireless Station and Server
Wireless Local Area Network consists of wireless

station and wireless server
Wireless station - Connects wireless network into
a wireless medium
Wireless Stations
Wireless Clients
Access Points
Wireless server The main server which controls

all devices within the wireless network
Chapter 12
19
Software
Wireless network adapter requires two types of

software so as to function properly:
Driver
Configuration Utility
Windows XP has built-in tools for configuring

network adapter settings
Chapter 12
20
Case Study 1
Hyderabad branch of MoneyMaker bank has a
wireless network setup in the whole office. Network
administrator Smith identifies that the signal strength
in the insurance department is slightly weak as
compared to other parts of the office. It provides
poor connectivity to the wireless devices present in
that department.
Chapter 12
21
Problem
Signal strength is slightly weak
Chapter 12
22
Suggested Solution
Access point is away from the insurance department.

Smith can connect an extension point to the existing
access point to increase the range of the wireless
network. If the problem still exists then add an access
point.
Chapter 12
23
Application
Common applications of wireless technologies:
Chapter 12
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

Wireless Wide Area Network (WWAN)
Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)
Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (WMAN)
Mobile Computing
24
Troubleshooting I
Wire and Wireless Adapter
Software Troubleshooting - Wireless adapter

configuration utility and wireless APs firmware version
Driver Compatibility
Low signal strength Can be solved with:
Chapter 12
Interference
Installing repeater
Changing Antenna
Installing Window XP Service Pack 2
25
Troubleshooting II
Network settings Common network setting

problems are:
Chapter 12
SSID setting
DHCP Addresses
Encryption Keys
MAC Address Filters
26
Case Study 2
The MoneyMaker banks Hyderabad branch office has

setup a wireless network. The network engineer Smith
receives complains about slow connectivity from an
employee whose computer is located slightly far away
from the access point.
Chapter 12
27
Problem
Low signal strength
Chapter 12
28
Suggested Solution
Smith should try placing the access point at a central
location far away from physical obstructions and
mirrors. He can also change the position of the
antenna sideways or downwards just to check if there
is better reception. He can also replace the antenna
with a high gain antenna or install a repeater to
troubleshoot the problem if there is no success in the
previous solution.
Chapter 12
29
Summary I
Peer-to-peer and ad-hoc access point wireless LAN are

types of wireless networks
802.11 is a standard which was developed by Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) for defining all
aspects of Radio Frequency Wireless networking
IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g
and IEEE 802.11n are the different IEEE 802.11 standards
Methods of wireless network security are Wired Equivalent
Privacy (WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA), Service Set
Identifier (SSID), Media Access Control (MAC) address
filtering and Port Based Access Control: 802.1x
Chapter 12
30
Summary II
Bluetooth is a radio standard and communication protocol

with low power consumption and short range of
transmission and reception
Bluetooth 1.0 and 1.0B, Bluetooth 1.1, Bluetooth 1.2, and
Bluetooth 2.0 are the different Bluetooth standards
Bluetooth devices operate in a master/slave scheme where
in the master device can controls up to seven active slave
devices
The Bluetooth devices go through four different stages
before starting a communication: device discovery, name
discovery, association and service discovery
The various services that are supported by Bluetooth are
known as profiles and there are 13 Bluetooth services
Chapter 12
31
Summary III
IrDA is the example of free space optical communication

over a short range
IrPHY, IrLAP, IrLMP, Tiny TP, IrCOMM, IrOBEX, and IrLAN
are the different layers of IrDA specifications
In Infrared the two devices must be configured in an ad-hoc
mode thereby making it more vulnerable to interference
Infrastructure mode is not available in infrared
communication
Security features like encryption and decryption are not
available in IrDA
Microwave and Radio Frequency (RF) are the medium for
wireless networking
Chapter 12
32
Summary IV
Hardware access points and Software access points are

the two types of access points
Wireless bridge is used to connect two or more wireless or
wired networks
Antennas are used to increase the range of the wireless
network
Wireless adapter card helps to connect the computer or a
laptop to a wireless network
Devices that can connect to the wireless network through a
wireless medium are known as Wireless stations
Wireless server is the main server that is connected to the
wired network
Chapter 12
33

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Wireless Networking

Identify wireless networking

Structured Cabling is a set of standards that

Conduits are plastic pipes that run through wall plate

Wireless Networking Basics

Wireless networking allows

Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)

Types of Wireless Network I

Connected wirelessly with the use of wireless

Types of Wireless Network II

Variety of standards accepted worldwide and

Developed by Institute of Electrical and Electronic

IEEE 802.11 III

Four methods of wireless network security:

The important components required for setting up a

Wireless medium is an unguided form of networking

Access Point and Extension Point

Device that bridges a wireless connection and a

Used if single access point is not able to cover entire

Hardware Access Points

Hardware access point is a physical device that is

Software Access Points

Software Access Points are computer which

Extension points are used if a single access

Wireless and Power-line bridges

Used to connect two or

Antennas and Adapters

Antennas are used to increase the range of wireless

Omnidirectional antennas - Used indoors and small in

Wireless adapters help to connect computer or PDA

Wireless Station and Server

Wireless Local Area Network consists of wireless

Wireless server The main server which controls

Wireless network adapter requires two types of

Windows XP has built-in tools for configuring

Signal strength is slightly weak

Access point is away from the insurance department.

Common applications of wireless technologies:

Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)

Wire and Wireless Adapter

Software Troubleshooting - Wireless adapter

Network settings Common network setting

The MoneyMaker banks Hyderabad branch office has

Low signal strength

Peer-to-peer and ad-hoc access point wireless LAN are

Bluetooth is a radio standard and communication protocol

IrDA is the example of free space optical communication

Hardware access points and Software access points are

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