PRESENTED BY:
CH SANTOSH KUMAR
M SUMAN
P PRAVEEN KUMAR
P SRIDHAR REDDY
P PRATYUSHA
(08QM1A0208)
(08QM1A0231)
(08QM1A0241)
(08QM1A0242)
(08QM1A0245)
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
MR. K.HUSSAIN
PROJECT CO-ORDINATOR
MR.G.VIJAY KUMAR
INTERNAL GUIDE
MS.B.SASI KALA
ABSTRACT
The purpose of a motor speed control is to take a
signal representing the demanded speed and drive the
motor at that speed.
INTRODUCTION
The speed of dc motor is directly proportional to the
supply voltage, if we reduce the supply voltage from
12V to 6V, the motor will run at half the speed.
As the amount of this time that voltage increases
compare with the amount of time that it is off. This
on-off switching is performed by power MOSFETs
speed is set by PWM.
Here we are using microcontroller applications. For
this we are using ATMEL16 IC and by using this we are
setting speed and measuring speed. Output can be
seen on LCD display
BLOCK DIAGRAM
MAIN COMPONENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Transformer
Bridge rectifier
Voltage regulator
DC motor
LCD display
Photo interrupter
Comparator
Micro controller
POWER SUPPLY
POWER SUPPLY DESCRIPTION
AC incoming voltage is 230V 50Hz is step downed to 15v
AC using a step down transformer.
15v rectified using a bridge rectifier and next stage it is
filtered using a smoothing filter to get ripple free DC.
15 volts was applied to regulator LM7812. this12 volts
regulated DC for motor.
LM7812 s o/p given to LM7805 Voltage regulator which
gives a constant output voltage of 5V.
This 5V is given to microcontroller. And slot sensor and
comparator, LCD display.
DC MOTOR
The DC motor is electric motor that runs on direct current
electrically.
DC motor works based on the LORENTZ FORCE.
In DC motor voltage is proportional to speed
ADVANTAGES
Low initial cost
High reliability
Simple control of motor speed
SPEED CONTROLLER
For speed controlling of motor, we are using MOSFET as solid state
switch. MCU output pin connected to gate of MOSFET. MCU switch
ON/OFF the gate for controlling the speed of D.C MOTOR.
FEATURES OF IRFZ44
Lower Input Capacitance
Improved Gate Charge
Lower Leakage Current: 10mA (Max.)
@ VDS = 60V
Lower RDS(ON): 0.020W (Typ.)ID =
50 A
LCD Display interfacing
LCD stands for liquid crystal display.
The Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) consumes less power.
(typically in the order of microwatts)
There are two major types of LCDs which are:
1. Dynamic-scattering LCDs and
2. Field-effect LCDs
Field-effect LCDs are normally used in such applications
e.g., watches, portable instrumentation etc.
Field effect LCDs absorb considerably less power than
the light-scattering type.
On the other hand, light-scattering units are available up
to 8 inches in height.
PIN DIAGRAM OF LCD
16 x 2 Char LCD
A
D0
K D7
EN
RW
RS
Vf
GND
ACK
Vcc
D0 D7
R1
R2
LCD to MICRO CONTROLLER
Do-D7
LCD
Po-P7
ATmega16
RS
RW
EN
P3.5
P3.6
P3.7
Photo interrupter
This was contains one led and photo transitor in
opposite. In this project , we are using for speed
measurement of motor. A small wheel attached to
motor and that interrupt photo transistor when
rotating.
COMPARATOR
COMPARATOR (LM393)
Slot sensor output pulses are not a fast rise and falling edges. So
that o/p was feed to comparator. Comparator o/p given to
microcontroller pin for measuring the speed of motor.
COMPARATOR (LM393)
High precision comparators
Reduced VOS drift over temperature.
Eliminates need for dual supplies.
Allows sensing near ground.
Operates from 2.0V to 36V.
MICRO CONTROLLER
A smaller computer
On-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
ExampleMotorolas 6811, Intels 8051, Zilogs Z8 and
PIC 16X
AVR atmega8,atmega16.
CPU
RAM ROM
A single chip
I/O
Port
Serial
Timer COM
Port
Microcontroller
ATMEGA16 FEATURES
High-performance, Low-power AVR 8-bit Microcontroller
16K Flash, 1024 Bytes EEPROM, 1K Byte SRAM
Programming Lock for Software Security
Two 8-bit Timer/Counters, One 16-bit Timer/Counter
Four PWM Channels
8-channel, 10-bit ADC
Programmable Serial USART
Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
On-chip Analog Comparator
ATMEGA 16 PIN DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
FLOW CHART
Applications
ROBOTIC CONTROLS.
SWING MACHINES.
ELECTRONIC BIKES.
WINDING MACHINES.
DC OPERATED DRILL MACHINES.
CNC MACHINES.
MOBILE AIR CONDITION FANS.
TOYS.
ELCTRONIC DOOR CONTROLLERS.
ELECTRONIC CHAIRS(beauty parlor etc.)
CONCLUSION
We have achieved the required speed . And also we
display this on LCD display.
Our aim of this project, we have achieved the speed
control of dc motor.
THANK YOU
Queries ?
