Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 478 views

    Radiology of Bones 1

    Uploaded by

    dostovisky
    This document discusses radiology of bones and skeletal trauma. It covers the basic structure of bones, how bones appear on x-rays, and general principles of skeletal radiology. It also summarizes the assessment of fractures via x-ray, including the presence, type, and position of fractures as well as associated soft tissue injuries. Various types of fractures like acute, fatigue, and pathological fractures are described. Potential complications of fractures and the typical healing process in long bones and cancellous bone are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Radiology of Bones 1

    Uploaded by

    dostovisky
    478 views81 pages
    This document discusses radiology of bones and skeletal trauma. It covers the basic structure of bones, how bones appear on x-rays, and general principles of skeletal radiology. It also summarizes the assessment of fractures via x-ray, including the presence, type, and position of fractures as well as associated soft tissue injuries. Various types of fractures like acute, fatigue, and pathological fractures are described. Potential complications of fractures and the typical healing process in long bones and cancellous bone are also outlined.

    Original Description:

    radiolody

    Copyright

    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses radiology of bones and skeletal trauma. It covers the basic structure of bones, how bones appear on x-rays, and general principles of skeletal radiology. It also summarizes the assessment of fractures via x-ray, including the presence, type, and position of fractures as well as associated soft tissue injuries. Various types of fractures like acute, fatigue, and pathological fractures are described. Potential complications of fractures and the typical healing process in long bones and cancellous bone are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    478 views81 pages

    Radiology of Bones 1

    Uploaded by

    dostovisky
    This document discusses radiology of bones and skeletal trauma. It covers the basic structure of bones, how bones appear on x-rays, and general principles of skeletal radiology. It also summarizes the assessment of fractures via x-ray, including the presence, type, and position of fractures as well as associated soft tissue injuries. Various types of fractures like acute, fatigue, and pathological fractures are described. Potential complications of fractures and the typical healing process in long bones and cancellous bone are also outlined.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 81

    Dr.

    Tasir Ahmed
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    RADIOLOGY OF
    BONES

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    RADIOLOGY OF BONES

    BONE
    TRAUMA
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    BONES:
    • Bone is specialized form of connective
    tissue.
    • Extra cellular components are
    mineralized.
    • This confers marked rigidity & strength.
    • While retains some degree of elasticity.

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    GENERAL STRUCTURE OF
    LONG BONES.

    • Epiphysis.
    • Physis or Epiphyseal plate.
    • Metaphysis.
    • Diaphysis.

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    RADIOLOGY OF BONES

    • Bone is Radio opaque & appears


    white on X-rays.
    • Cartilage is Radiolucent & cannot be
    seen on X-rays.

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    SKELETAL TRAUMA.

    • One of most common causes of X-ray request.


    • Bones are excellently visualized on X-rays.
    • Cartilage, muscles & tendons cannot be
    visualized on X-rays.
    • Trauma to these structures can be assessed
    indirectly.
    GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF
    SKELETAL RADIOLOGY.
    • At least 2 views at right angles should be taken.
    • Supplementary views can be taken, if needed.
    • Near by joint should be included in the radiograph.
    • Good quality radiograph shows bony trabeculae
    clearly.
    • Over &under exposed films are avoided.

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    Dr. Tasir Ah
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF
    SKELETAL RADIOLOGY.

    • Radiographs of normal counter parts helpful in


    doubtful cases.
    • Certain undisplaced fractures may invisible
    immediately after injury.
    • Repeat X-ray 10-20 days later is done, which then
    shows callus formation and/ or bone resorption
    confirming the fractures.

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    RADIOLOGICAL
    EXAMINATION PERMITS
    ASSESSMENT OF:

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    1- PRESENCE OF FRACTURE
    BY SHOWING:

    • Variation from normal anatomical contours.


    • A break in cortical continuity.
    • Disturbance of normal joint relationship.
    • Presence of line of increased density
    resulting from overriding of bone edges.

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    Dr. Tasir Ahmed
    2- TYPES & POSITION OF
    FRACTURE.

    • Simple or compound.
    • Dislocation or subluxation.
    • Epiphyseal injury.
    • Check X-ray after reduction to check the
    degree of restoration of anatomical position.

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    3- ASSOCIATED SOFT
    TISSUE INJURY.

    • Joint effusion.
    • Fat pad sign.
    • Surgical emphysema.
    • Presence of foreign body.

    Dr. Tasir Ahmed


    TYPES OF FRACTURES:
    ACUTE FRACTURES.
    • Green stick or Buckle fractures.
    • Simple fractures:
    – Linear.
    – Transverse.
    – Spiral/ Oblique.
    • Comminuted.
    • Compressed.
    • Impacted.
    • Compound.
    FATIGUE/ STRESS
    FRACTURES

    – Repeated minor trauma e.g. Marching.


    – Especially in metatarsals, tibia & fibula.
    – Produces marked callus formation.
    PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURES

    #Secondary to bone diseases e.g.


    • Osteoporosis.
    • Hyperparathyroidism.
    • Multiple myeloma.
    • Tumors.
    • Osteomyelitis.
    • Bone cysts.
    COMLICATIONS OF
    FRACTURES:

    • 1) Delayed Union. Still mobile after 4


    months.
    • 2) Non Union. No callus. Rounding &
    sclerosis of bone margins.
    •
    COMLICATIONS OF
    FRACTURES:

    • 3) Necrosis. Mostly due to loss


    of blood supply. Head of femur.
    Scaphoid. Lunate. Body of
    talus.
    COMLICATIONS OF
    FRACTURES:

    • 4) Malunion. Malalignment.
    Shortening. Angulation.
    • 5) Joint complications. Dislocation.
    Hemorrhage/ effusion.
    COMLICATIONS OF
    FRACTURES:
    • 6) Fat embolism. Esp. after fractures of
    long bones.
    Occlusion of capillaries of lungs & brain by
    fat globules.
    • 7) Myositis Ossificans.
    • 8) Osteoarthrosis.
    COMLICATIONS OF
    FRACTURES:
    • 9) Sudeck’s Atrophy. Affects hands
    & feet.
    Painful swollen red skin distal to
    fracture.
    Loss of movements.
    Osteopenia
    4- AGE & HEALING OF
    FRACTURES:
    #Tubular Long Bones:

    • Haematoma formation.
    • Cellular proliferation of subperiosteal &
    endosteal bone.
    • Soft callus formation.
    • Consolidation of callus.
    • Remodeling.
    # Cancellous Bone:

    • Haematoma formation.
    • Bridging new bone.
    BONE UNION:

    • In children—4-6 weeks for consolidation.


    • In adults—4-6 months for consolidation.

    You might also like