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    Guarded Commands

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    Lini Ickappan
    Guarded commands introduce nondeterminism into programming through the use of guards. A guarded command takes the form of a guard (condition) and statement, written as "B → S", meaning statement S executes if guard B is true. Guarded if and do statements allow arbitrary selection of a statement to execute if its guard is true, introducing nondeterminism. Synchronization between tasks also introduces nondeterminism as it is unclear which task will execute next. Ada implements guarded commands as select statements with optional else clauses.

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    Guarded Commands

    Uploaded by

    Lini Ickappan
    1K views9 pages
    Guarded commands introduce nondeterminism into programming through the use of guards. A guarded command takes the form of a guard (condition) and statement, written as "B → S", meaning statement S executes if guard B is true. Guarded if and do statements allow arbitrary selection of a statement to execute if its guard is true, introducing nondeterminism. Synchronization between tasks also introduces nondeterminism as it is unclear which task will execute next. Ada implements guarded commands as select statements with optional else clauses.

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    Guarded commands introduce nondeterminism into programming through the use of guards. A guarded command takes the form of a guard (condition) and statement, written as "B → S", meaning statement S executes if guard B is true. Guarded if and do statements allow arbitrary selection of a statement to execute if its guard is true, introducing nondeterminism. Synchronization between tasks also introduces nondeterminism as it is unclear which task will execute next. Ada implements guarded commands as select statements with optional else clauses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    1K views9 pages

    Guarded Commands

    Uploaded by

    Lini Ickappan
    Guarded commands introduce nondeterminism into programming through the use of guards. A guarded command takes the form of a guard (condition) and statement, written as "B → S", meaning statement S executes if guard B is true. Guarded if and do statements allow arbitrary selection of a statement to execute if its guard is true, introducing nondeterminism. Synchronization between tasks also introduces nondeterminism as it is unclear which task will execute next. Ada implements guarded commands as select statements with optional else clauses.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    Guarded Commands

    Module - III
    Concept of true nondeterminancy was proposed in
    1970s by Dijkstra (with the help of guarded commands
    as a means to simplify both program development and
    program verification)
    Types of execution 2 Types
    Deterministic execution each part of the statement has
    a specific order of execution. Uses the concept of
    Deterministic finite automata
    Nondeterministic execution is one where alternative
    execution paths are possible. This condition arises
    frequently in the execution of concurrent programs

    Uses the concept of non deterministic automata
    Eg: if there are n processes ready to execute in a
    system, it is not always clear which one will be the
    next to execute.
    Guards : written as
    If B is a guard (ie, condition)and S is a command (ie,
    statement), then a guarded command, BS means
    that statement S is enabled or ready for execution if
    guard B is true.
    Guarded if Statement
    If Bi is a set of conditions and Si is a set of
    statements, the guarded if is written as
    If B1S1 || B2S2 |||| BnSn fi
    which has the meaning that at least one of the
    guards must be true and the execution is that of a
    corresponding command.
    It differs from the standard if-then and LISP cond
    (where the statement to execute was the first one in
    the sequence with a true condition.)
    Guarded if is defined with true non determinancy
    In guarded if arbitrarily choose any Si to
    execute as long as Bi is true.
    Guarded Repetition Statement
    Generalization to the sequential while and
    is similar to the guarded if : if Bi is a set of
    guards and Si is a set of commands, the
    guarded do is written as
    do
    B1S1 || B2S2 || || BnSn
    od
    Execution proceeds as follows:
    if some guards Bi are true, one of the corresponding
    Si is executed. The process repeats as long as some
    guard is true. If no guard is true initially, the do is
    skipped, which is similar to the behavior of the usual
    while.
    Non determinancy is introduced into the execution if
    more than one guard is true at the same time.

    Nondeterminancy- ways
    Guard way to add nondeterminancy into
    programming. Forms a good model for task
    synchronization.
    Synchronization form of nondeterminancy because
    it is not always clear which task is the next one to
    execute.

    Example - ADA
    The guarded if command in Ada is termed a select
    statement and has the general form
    select
    when condition1 statement1
    or when condition2 statement2

    or when conditionn statementn
    else statementn+1 ---optional else clause
    end select;

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