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Specific Heat

This document discusses the differences between heat and temperature. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance, whereas heat is the transfer of thermal energy between objects of different temperatures. The temperature of an object is proportional to the average kinetic energy and speed of its molecules. Heat is measured in Joules and is calculated using the formula q = mcΔT, where q is heat, m is mass, c is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. The specific heat capacity of a substance indicates how much heat is required to change its temperature by one degree and can be determined through calorimetry experiments.

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Amanda Clay
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193 views18 pages

Specific Heat

This document discusses the differences between heat and temperature. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance, whereas heat is the transfer of thermal energy between objects of different temperatures. The temperature of an object is proportional to the average kinetic energy and speed of its molecules. Heat is measured in Joules and is calculated using the formula q = mcΔT, where q is heat, m is mass, c is specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature. The specific heat capacity of a substance indicates how much heat is required to change its temperature by one degree and can be determined through calorimetry experiments.

Uploaded by

Amanda Clay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Heat and

Temperature
What is
temperature?
What does it mean to have
a temperature of 0 C?
Is temperature the same
thing as heat?
Temperature is a measure
of how hot or cold
something is.
Temperature is measured in
arbitrary units, like
Fahrenheit or Celsius.
Temperature is
proportional to the average
kinetic energy of the
molecules of the substance.
T

= mv
2
Temperature is therefore
proportional to the speed of
the molecules of a
substance.
T

= mv
2
Velocity or speed
T v

The higher the temperature,
the greater the average
speed of the molecules.
T

= mv
2
Velocity or speed
T v

Heat is the thermal energy
transferred from a hot
object to a cold object.
Heat is measured in energy
units -- Joules or calories.
The heat transferred is
proportional to the mass of
the object, the specific heat
capacity of the object and
the temperature change the
object undergoes.
The specific heat is the
amount of heat that raises
the temperature of 1 g of a
substance by 1 C
SI system has units of J/g C
metric system has units of
cal/g C
Heat has the symbol q and
is calculated using
q = mc T
q = mc T
Quantity
of heat
mass
specific heat
capacity
temperature
change (T
final

T
initial
)

q = mc T
Quantity
of heat
specific heat
capacity
The specific heat
capacity of water
is 4.18 J/gC
q = m c T
How much heat is needed to raise
the temperature of 25.6 grams of
water from 20.0 C to 50.0 C?
q = (25.6g)(4.18J/gC)(30.0C)
q = 3210 J
q = m c T
What is the final temperature of 27.0
grams of liquid water, initially at 0C,
after it absorbs 700.0 J of energy?
Hint: start by
solving for DT.
=
q
T
m c
Answer: 6.20 C
Part Two
Calorimetry and
Specific Heat
Capacity
Calorimetry is a collection of
laboratory procedures used to
investigate the transfer of heat.
In calorimetry experiments, one
might be looking for a final
temperature or a specific heat
capacity.
Specific heat capacity
varies from one substance to
another.
a measure of how much heat
something can hold.
the amount of heat needed to
raise one gram of a substance
by one Celsius degree.
Specific heat capacity lab suggestions:
1. Heat a metal to a known temp.
2. Transfer the metal to a known
quantity of water at a known
temperature.
3. Measure the equilibrium
temperature.
4. Use q
lost
= -q
gained
to compute the
specific heat of the metal.

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