Test automation is the use of software

To control the execution of tests.

To compare the actual outcomes to predicted
outcomes.
To report the Execution Status.

Commonly, test automation involves
automating a manual process

Frequent regression testing
Repeated test case Execution is required
Faster Feedback to the developers
Reduce the Human Effort
Test same application on multiple
environments


Quick Test Professional By HP
Rational Functional Tester By Rational (IBM
Company)
Silk Test By Borland
Test Complete By Automated QA
Selenium ( Open Source)

Selenium is an open source
automation testing tool for web based
applications. Its easy to use, strong
and is very flexible. You can work on
many operating systems using
selenium and you can code in any one
of the following languages when using
selenium.




The language which you use is independent of
the language in which your application is made.
Fox example if your application is made in C#,
then you can use selenium with any languages
mentioned above to test it. You need to know at
least one programming languages mentioned
above in order to learn selenium.
Operating systems Supported by Selenium
include windows, Mac, Linux, Unix and many
more

Selenium IDE: It only installs in Firefox as an add-on.
Firefox only supports selenium IDE. Just like other
functional testing tools, it contains record and play/run
feature. One can also extend IDE functionality with the
help of the user extensions. Selenium IDE supports
loops, regular expressions, if statements and many more
features. It is based of Java Script. Using selenium IDE
the test cases can be parameterized.

Selenium RC: This is the older version of selenium. It
works on multiple browsers. RC can be implemented in
any one of the programming languages mentioned
above. RC require server to work.

WebDriver: WebDriver is the new version of
selenium. It also works on multiple browsers.
Its removed many drawbacks and issues in
Selenium RC. It also supports Android and
Iphone Testing. WebDriver doesn't require
any server to work
Grid: Grid is used to run test cases parallely
on multiple machines and browsers.
One can download Selenium IDE add-on from
Selenium's website:
http://seleniumhq.org/download
Click on the link as highlighted image:

After clicking on the download link it will
display like this, Click on the 'Allow'.

Now after few seconds it will display like this
given below, Click on 'Install Now' and after
the completion of installing click on 'Restart
Firefox'.

In this manner Selenium IDE will get installed
into the Firefox browser as an add-on.
Once the Selenium IDE is installed you can
find it under the: Tools -> Selenium IDE.


To verify the selenium IDE is installed
properly just click on the 'Selenium IDE'
option from the 'Tools' menu.
Now one can see the 'Selenium IDE' window is
displayed as a popup over the existing
Firefox browser.
When the Selenium IDE window is displayed
to the user by default it is in the recording
mode.

If you dont want Selenium-IDE to begin
recording automatically you can turn this OFF
by going under Options -> Options and
deselecting Start recording immediately on
open

Now you navigate to any website one can see
all the steps and actions done in the Firefox
is being recorded by the Selenium IDE add-on
tool.

Speed Control: controls how fast your test case runs.
Run All: Runs the entire test suite when a test suite with
multiple test cases is loaded.
Run: Runs the currently selected test. When only a single test
is loaded this button and the Run
All button have the same effect.
Pause/Resume: Allows stopping and re-starting of a
running test case.
Step: Allows you to step through a test case by running it
one command at a time. Use for
debugging test cases.
Record: Records the users browser actions.
When you run your test case, error messages and
information messages showing the progress are
displayed in this pane automatically, even if you do
not first select the Log tab. These messages are
often useful for test case debugging. Notice the
Clear button for clearing the Log. Also notice the
Info button is a drop-down allowing selection of
different levels of information to log.




The Reference tab is the default selection
whenever you click the commands in Table
mode. In Table mode, the Reference pane will
display documentation on the current
command.
Fast and Slow Speed Control:
We can specify the speed of the test case using
Fast and Slow. Default is fast. Sometimes test fails
due to the fast execution. Selenium IDE gives the
facility to adjust the speed.
You can use the speed slider to slow down how fast
your test commands are executed. This can be
helpful as you can watch the application under test
while your tests are running and see any obvious
issues that your tests are failing on. You can also
use this in combination with executing commands
manually by pausing your tests.
XPath is normally called as XML Path.
Normally in every web-based applications the
XPath or locators are unique addresses for each
and every web object. It can be used with
selenium to perform operations on each object
present in the web page. In the web page each
web-object has a primary unique XPath.
XPath are derived from the html paths of the
objects. One can install firebug, and on the top
of firebug, one can install firepath. Both are
installed as add-ons on Firefox.

FIREBUG :
Navigate to the link: http://getfirebug.com/ and
click on the 'Install Firebug' button.


After you have installed firebug you can be
able to install fire path.
Navigate to the url:
https://addons.mozilla.org/en-
US/firefox/addon/firepath/


Click on the button 'Add to Firefox
After installing the Firebug and FirePath, click
on the Firebug icon which is at the top right
of the Firefox browser
XPath for Username:

XPath for Password:

XPath for Sign in:


To configure 'Selenium RC' server one has to
download the latest jar file from the link
given below:
http://seleniumhq.org/download/



Click on the download link 'Download version
2.25.0' and download the jar file to the local
hard drive of your system.

After the downloading is completed, place the jar
file in any place in your hard drive. For instance I
have placed the jar file inside the D:' drive in my
system.
Just open the command prompt that is cmd
prompt by:
Start-->Run-->type 'cmd' and click 'Ok'.
Browse to the directory where 'Selenium RC'
server jar file is located. In my case it is in the
D:' drive.
Now after going to that location in the command
prompt simply type the following command:
java -jar selenium-server-standalone- 2.25.0.jar



Selenium RC stands for 'Selenium Remote Control'.
Selenium RC can be configured in the following way:

First one needs to download the latest jar file from the
selenium official website.

Second unzip the downloaded jar files and include them
in the Selenium RC project.

Here are the steps given below:

One can download the Selenium RC from the given link
below:
http://code.google.com/p/selenium/downloads/detail?
name=selenium-remote-control-1.0.3.zip&can=2&q=

Click on the link which is in the screenshot, and download the zip
file to the local system and unzip the downloaded zip file.

We will configure using 'Eclipse IDE'. First we
need to download the Eclipse from the
'Eclipse' website.

Go to the website:
http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/ and
download the following as given in the
screenshot:

Please download the version Eclipse IDE for
Java EE Developers and choose the 32 bit or
64 bit as per your system.

After the download is successful unzip the
zip folder for 'Eclipse' and place the folder
anywhere in your hard disk drive. In this
example I have placed it in D' drive. Now go
to the 'Eclipse' folder as per the given
screenshot below:


Double click on the 'eclipse.exe' and one can see the
'Eclipse' will launch with the following window:

Give the workspace name as per your desired requirement or
else you can choose for different workspace location by
clicking on the 'Browse' button. After you are done with
setting your workspace path click on the 'Ok' button and it
displays a window like given below:


If you want to read about 'Eclipse' then click on the
relevant links or else simply just click on the cross
button of the 'Welcome' tab. Then it displays a window
like given below:


Now in the 'Project Explorer' right click inside it and
click on the 'New -> Project' as given in the
screenshot below:

Now in the 'New Project' dialog box click on
the 'Java Project' and click on the 'Next'
button.

In the next window give the project name and
click on the 'Finish' button.

Now it will display a screen like this given
below:


In the left hand side, right click on the project
name and click on the 'Properties' option as
given in the screenshot below:

Now in the properties dialog box click on the
'Java Build Path' and click on the 'Libraries' tab
as given in the screenshot below:


Click on the 'Add External JARs...' button and
browse for the jar files which is downloaded
for the 'Selenium RC' as given in the
screenshot below

Choose the jar files under the D:\workspace\selenium-
remote-control-1.0.3\selenium-java-client-driver-1.0.1'
folder and include all the jars and click on the open button
then it will display the screenshot like this given below:


In the above window click on the 'Ok' button
and now one can see all the jars included in
it. Now 'Selenium RC' is configured in your
system with 'Eclipse IDE'. One can write the
code in java and execute in the 'Selenium RC',
and it will automate the browser actions as
per the java code.

In 'Selenium RC' if you have to run test cases
then you have to start selenium-server.jar
which is needed to start 'Selenium RC' server.
In 'Selenium Webdriver', there is no server
which you need to start to run the 'Selenium
Webdriver' based test cases.

Selenium can be configured in the following
ways:

First one needs to download the latest jar files
from the selenium official website.

Second unzip the downloaded jar files and
include them in the Selenium project.

Here are the steps given below:

One can download the selenium WebDriver from
the given link below:
http://seleniumhq.org/download/

Click on the download link as per the desired language you want
to configure Selenium Webdriver. The example is shown for the
Selenium Webdriver configured with Java language.

Once the download link is clicked the user is asked to save the
zip files. Then save the zip files into the hard drive of your local
system. When the zip files are downloaded properly just unzip
the files to get files inside a folder.



Now we will configure WebDriver using the 'Eclipse IDE'.

In the left hand side, right click on the project name and click
on the 'Properties' option as given in the screenshot below:

Now in the properties dialog box click on the
'Java Build Path' and click on the 'Libraries' tab
as given in the screenshot below:

Click on the 'Add External JARs...' button and
browse for the jar files which is downloaded
for the Selenium WebDriver as given in the
screenshot below:


Choose the jar files under the 'selenium-
2.25.0' folder and 'lib' folder and include all
the jars and click on the open button the user
is displayed the screenshot like this given
below:


In the above window click on the
'Ok' button and now one can see
all the jars included in it. Now
'Selenium WebDriver' is
configured in your system with
'Eclipse IDE'. One can write the
code in java and execute in the
Selenium WebDriver and it will
automate the browser actions as
per the java code.



JUnit is a simple framework to write
repeatable tests.

Annotations :
@Test
@Before
@After
@BeforeClass
@AfterClass
@Ignore



@ Test : This is used to create test. The
things that you write in this annotation are
executed as a TEST
@Before and @After
In Junit4 there is no setup() or tearDown()
method and instead of that we have @Before
and @After annotations.
By using @Before you can make any method
as setup() and by using @After you can make
any method as teardown(). @Before and
@After annotated method will be invoked
before and after each test case.


@BeforeClass
If you want a method to run once for all the
methods, then you can use this annotation. It
will execute the method once for all the tests
of a particular file.
@AfterClass
It is used with the conjunction with the
@BeforeClass. Use this method if you want to
execute a method after executing all the tests
of a particular file.

For Generating HTML Reports we have to
download ANT Navigating to
http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi

Download the Zip file which is highlighted
one
Extract the zip file
Navigate to Computer -> right click on
properties -> click on Advanced system
settings
Click on Advanced tab -> Environment
variables
Click on New button under system variables












Variable name : ANT_HOME
Variable Value : C:\apache-ant-1.8.4-
bin\apache-ant-1.8.4
Scroll down the System Variables find the
variable name as path and click on edit






In variable value go to end of the variable
value and type
; C:\apache-ant-1.8.4-bin\apache-ant-
1.8.4\bin
If unable to locate tools.jar error is
displayed then copy C:\Program
Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_26\lib tools.jar to
C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\lib
Go to command prompt and type ant



Copy the build.xml file into current project
Go to command prompt and Navigate to the
current project path and type ant

In command prompt type ant compile
Navigate to project and click refresh then
build folder will be generated
In command prompt type ant clean
Navigate to project and click refresh then
build folder will be deleted.
In command prompt type ant run
Based on build.xml file it will run.
HTML reports will be generated in the path
which we have mentioned in the build.xml

TestNG is a testing framework inspired from JUnit and NUnit
but introducing some new functionalities that make it more
powerful and easier to use.

TestNG is required because :

After running Selenium with TestNG get HTML reports for
test cases.
TestNG supports annotations which are very helpful.
We can skip test cases very easily
When using ANT with TestNG, we can also generate the
TestNG XSLT reports which are better than primitive TestNG
reports.
TestNG supports parallel execution of test cases
We can paramertize Selenium tests with TestNG



@BeforeSuite
@AfterSuite
@BeforeTest
@AfterTest
@BeforeClass
@AfterClass
@BeforeMethod
@AfterMethod

It is parallel tool like. Generates the report
automatically. Also we can integrate TestNG in
eclipse. All you need to do is that
Go to help - > Install new software - > In Work
with type http://beust.com/eclipse
if your Eclipse is above 3.4 version else type
http://beust.com/eclipse1.

Follow the instructions accept the agreement and all.
Some downloading will happen. After all it will restart
the Eclipse. And if everything is fine then you will see
the TestNG Under Windows - > Preferences. (or)
Window - > Show View -> Java


@Test: This is used to create test. The things that
you write in this annotation are executed as a
TEST. And if you have more than one test in the
class then they will be executed in an
alphabetical order.
@AfterMethod: The annotated method will be run
after each test method
@BeforeMethod: The annotated method will be
run before each test method
BeforeClass : The annotated method will be run
before the first test method in the current class is
invoked.
@AfterClass : The annotated method will be run
after all the test methods in the current class
have been run.


@BeforeSuite: The annotated method will be
run before all tests in this suite have run.
@AfterSuite: The annotated method will be
run after all tests in this suite have run.
@BeforeTest: The annotated method will be
run before any test method belonging to the
classes inside the <test> tag is run.
@AfterTest: The annotated method will be
run after all the test methods belonging to
the classes inside the <test> tag have run.


For Generating XSLT Reports we have to
download ANT Navigating to
http://ant.apache.org/bindownload.cgi

Download the Zip file which is highlighted
one
Extract the zip file
Navigate to Computer -> right click on
properties -> click on Advanced system
settings
Click on Advanced tab -> Environment
variables
Click on New button under system variables












Variable name : ANT_HOME
Variable Value : C:\apache-ant-1.8.4-
bin\apache-ant-1.8.4
Scroll down the System Variables find the
variable name as path and click on edit






In variable value go to end of the variable
value and type
; C:\apache-ant-1.8.4-bin\apache-ant-
1.8.4\bin
If unable to locate tools.jar error is
displayed then copy C:\Program
Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_26\lib tools.jar to
C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\lib
Go to command prompt and type ant



Copy the build.xml file into current project
Go to command prompt and Navigate to the
current project path and type ant

In command prompt type ant compile
Navigate to project and click refresh then
build folder will be generated
In command prompt type ant clean
Navigate to project and click refresh then
build folder will be deleted.
In command prompt type ant run
Based on testng.xml file it will run.
In command prompt type ant
makexsltreports
Navigate to project and click refresh then
XSLT_Reports folder will be generated


Type the following in the Notepad
d:
cd d:\Eclipse\Module9
ant clean compile run makexsltreports
SAVE the notepad as MY_TEST_SUITE.bat





Thank You



S.Venkataramana