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DSSS

Spread spectrum is a technique used in wireless networks to combine signals from multiple sources across a large bandwidth, with the goal of increasing security rather than bandwidth efficiency. It works by spreading each source's signal over a much wider bandwidth than needed through independent spreading processes. This wrapping of messages in a protective envelope makes the transmission more secure against interception and jamming. Direct sequence spread spectrum is one technique that spreads each bit of a digital signal over multiple bits using an exclusive-OR operation with a spreading code. With special sequence codes that allow separation of spread signals, direct sequence spread spectrum can share bandwidth between multiple users.

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94 views11 pages

DSSS

Spread spectrum is a technique used in wireless networks to combine signals from multiple sources across a large bandwidth, with the goal of increasing security rather than bandwidth efficiency. It works by spreading each source's signal over a much wider bandwidth than needed through independent spreading processes. This wrapping of messages in a protective envelope makes the transmission more secure against interception and jamming. Direct sequence spread spectrum is one technique that spreads each bit of a digital signal over multiple bits using an exclusive-OR operation with a spreading code. With special sequence codes that allow separation of spread signals, direct sequence spread spectrum can share bandwidth between multiple users.

Uploaded by

Sandra Maria
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Spread spectrum

Multiplexing combines signals from several sources


to achieve bandwidth efficiency, that is the
available bandwidth is divided between the
sources. In spread spectrum, we also combine
signals from different sources to fit into a larger
bandwidth, but for a different goal.
Spread spectrum is designed to be used in wireless
applications(WANs and LANs).In these types of
applications we have some concerns that
outweigh bandwidth efficiency.

In wireless application all the stations use air(or
vacuum)as the medium for communication. stations
must be able to share this medium without
interception by eavesdropper and without being
subject to jamming from a malicious intruder
To achieve these goals, spread spectrum techniques
add redundancy, they spread the original spectrum
needed for each station. if the required bandwidth
for each station is B , spread spectrum expands it to
BSS, such that BSS>>B.
the expanded bandwidth allows the source to wrap
its message in a protective envelope for a more
secure transmission
Spread spectrum achieve its goal through two
principles:
1. The bandwidth allocated to each station needs
to be,by far,larger than what it is needed. this
allows redundancy
2. The expanding of the original bandwidth B to
the bandwidth BSS must be done by a process
that is independent of the original signal. in
other words. the spreading process occurs after
the signal is created by the source.
In the figure each bit in the original signal is
represented by multiple bits in the
transmitted signal ,using a spreading code. the
spreading code spreads the signal across a
wider frequency band in direct proportion to
the number of bits used.
One technique with direct sequence spread
spectrum is to combine the digital
information stream with the spreading code
bit stream using an exclusive OR (XOR).
Note that an information bit of one inverts the
spreading code bit in the combination ,while
an information bit of zero causes the
spreading code bit to be transmitted without
inversion
Can we are a bandwidth in DSSS as we did in FHSS?
The answer is YES and NO
If we use a spreading code that spreads signals (from
different station)that cannot be combined and
separated ,we cannot share a bandwidth.
However if we use a special type of sequence code that
allows the combining and separating of the spread
signals, we can share the bandwidth . A special
spreading code allows us to use DSSS in the cellular
telephony and share the bandwidth between several
users.

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