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    Nukleotida: Dr. I Dewa Ayu Susilawati, Drg. M. Kes

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    Ikatanti Ratna Anggraini
    A nucleotide is the basic unit of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, and is composed of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar, and one to three phosphate groups. Nucleotides play central roles in metabolism and cellular signaling, and serve as sources of chemical energy or cofactors in enzymatic reactions. They can exist as mononucleotides, dinucleotides, or polynucleotides. The nitrogenous bases include purines like adenine and guanine, and pyrimidines like cytosine, thymine, and uracil. Nucleotides are broken down and their components reused or excreted as uric acid.

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    Nukleotida: Dr. I Dewa Ayu Susilawati, Drg. M. Kes

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    Ikatanti Ratna Anggraini
    63 views33 pages
    A nucleotide is the basic unit of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, and is composed of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar, and one to three phosphate groups. Nucleotides play central roles in metabolism and cellular signaling, and serve as sources of chemical energy or cofactors in enzymatic reactions. They can exist as mononucleotides, dinucleotides, or polynucleotides. The nitrogenous bases include purines like adenine and guanine, and pyrimidines like cytosine, thymine, and uracil. Nucleotides are broken down and their components reused or excreted as uric acid.

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    Materi Kuliah FKGUJ

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    Nukleotida

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    A nucleotide is the basic unit of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, and is composed of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar, and one to three phosphate groups. Nucleotides play central roles in metabolism and cellular signaling, and serve as sources of chemical energy or cofactors in enzymatic reactions. They can exist as mononucleotides, dinucleotides, or polynucleotides. The nitrogenous bases include purines like adenine and guanine, and pyrimidines like cytosine, thymine, and uracil. Nucleotides are broken down and their components reused or excreted as uric acid.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    63 views33 pages

    Nukleotida: Dr. I Dewa Ayu Susilawati, Drg. M. Kes

    Uploaded by

    Ikatanti Ratna Anggraini
    A nucleotide is the basic unit of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA, and is composed of a nitrogenous base, a 5-carbon sugar, and one to three phosphate groups. Nucleotides play central roles in metabolism and cellular signaling, and serve as sources of chemical energy or cofactors in enzymatic reactions. They can exist as mononucleotides, dinucleotides, or polynucleotides. The nitrogenous bases include purines like adenine and guanine, and pyrimidines like cytosine, thymine, and uracil. Nucleotides are broken down and their components reused or excreted as uric acid.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 33

    NUKLEOTIDA

    Dr. I Dewa Ayu Susilawati, drg. M. Kes


    A nucleotide is composed of a nucleobase (nitrogenous
    base), a five-carbon sugar, and one to three phosphate
    groups
    NUCLEOTIDE
    * make up the structural units of RNA and DNA
    * play central roles in metabolism, they serve as
    sources of chemical energy: adenosine triphosphate
    (ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP),
    * participate in cellular signaling: cyclic guanosine
    monophosphate (cGMP) and cyclic adenosine
    monophosphate (cAMP),
    * cofactors of enzymatic reactions: coenzyme A (CoA),
    flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), flavin
    mononucleotide (FMN), and nicotinamide adenine
    dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)
    Mononucletide
    ATP, GTP, ADP, AMP, dll
    Dinucleotide
    FAD, NAD
    Polynucleotide
    DNA, RNA
    nucleobase = nitrogenous base= basa nitrogen
    * adenin
    * guanin
    * timin
    * cytosin
    * uracil
    * nicotinamide
    * flavin

    BASA NITROGEN: PURIN & PIRIMIDIN
    A purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, consisting of a
    pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring
    BASA NITROGEN: NICOTINAMIDE
    Nicotinamide = niacinamide =nicotinic acid amide, is the
    amide of nicotinic acid (vitamin B
    3
    / niacin). Nicotinamide is a
    water-soluble vitamin and is part of the vitamin B group.
    Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin
    FLAVIN: A ketone, C
    10
    H
    6
    N
    4
    O
    2
    , act as coenzymes of flavoprotein.
    BASA NITROGEN: FLAVIN
    five-carbon sugar (ribosa)
    Ribose and its related compound, deoxyribose, are the
    building blocks of the backbone chains in nucleic acids.
    Ribose and deoxyribose are classified as monosaccharides,
    aldoses, pentoses, and are reducing sugars
    Ribose
    Deoxyribose
    cAMP & cGMP
    Polinukleotid

    Sintesis Purin
    Sintesis Pirimidin
    Degradasi nukleosid asam urat
    (katabolisme purin)
    Katabolisme Pirimidin
    Schematic overview of pyrimidine de novo synthesis, salvage and degradation.
    Nucleotides synthesized de novo enter the nucleotide pool and become further converted to
    nucleic acids and other metabolic intermediates. Breakdown of nucleotides to uridine and uracil
    may lead to complete degradation or the resynthesis of UMP in the salvage pathway. Increased
    activity of URH in overexpressor mutants leads to marked stimulation of pyrimidine degradation
    but not of salvage pathway activity or de novo synthesis.
    PR: ASAM URAT
    Uric Acid
    uric acid is a normal constituent of the human body.
    Ordinarily about one-third of the uric acid in our system
    comes from food, especially foods like those noted earlier
    that are rich in purines. The rest we produce ourselves
    through ordinary metabolism.
    These classical signs of inflammation, together with sudden
    and extreme pain, strongly suggest an acute attack of gout.
    The diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory finding of uric acid
    crystals in fluid taken from the affected joint.

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