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Digestive System Powerpoint

The document defines the digestive system and its organs, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and pancreas. It describes the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food as it passes through each organ, and how nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine and eliminated from the large intestine. The lifestyle factors, medications, and statistics related to constipation and diarrhea are also summarized.

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Thomas417
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7K views33 pages

Digestive System Powerpoint

The document defines the digestive system and its organs, including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and pancreas. It describes the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food as it passes through each organ, and how nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine and eliminated from the large intestine. The lifestyle factors, medications, and statistics related to constipation and diarrhea are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Thomas417
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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 Digestion

 Absorption

 Elimination
Digestive System

 The purpose
 define the
function of each
organ
 the pathway
food takes
through the
digestive tract
Digestive System
 The organs and
parts of the
digestive pathway:
 Oral cavity
 Pharynx
 Esophagus
 Stomach
 Small Intestine
 Large Intestine
Digestive System

 Teeth
 Tongue
 Liver
 Pancreas
 The process that breaks down food
into substances that can be absorbed
by the body for energy, growth, and
repair.
Ingestion:
Mouth, Teeth & Tongue
 The function of the mouth is
to ingest food sources
 The teeth are used for
mastication
 breaking food down into
smaller pieces to be
 The tongue forms food into a
ball to prepare for
swallowing
Ingestion:
Mouth, Teeth & Tongue

 The mouth, teeth, and tongue play a


role in mechanical digestion.
 Mechanical digestion physically
prepares food for chemical digestion
by enzymes.
Salivary Glands
 Secretes saliva
 a watery solution
containing an
enzyme that starts
the digestion
 Cleanses the mouth
 Dissolves food
chemicals
 Moisten food
Salivary Glands
 The salivary glands begin the
process of chemical digestion.
Pharynx
 After leaving the mouth, food
is passed on to the pharynx.
 As you swallow:
 Uvula: prevents food from
passing into the nasal
cavity.
 Epiglottis: prevent food from
entering the respiratory
tract.
Esophagus
 Primary Function;  Food passes
 Carry foods and through the
liquids to pharynx into the
stomach esophagus
 Peristalsis moves  Extends from the

food though the pharynx to the


digestive tract stomach
Stomach
 Located below the
esophagus
 A hollow, saclike
organ
 Consists of three
layers of muscles
 Flexible, allowing it
to expand when you
eat.
Stomach
 A temporary “storage tank” where
the chemical breakdown of proteins
begin.
 The food is mixed together with
gastric juices, secretions from the
stomach’s lining
 containing pepsin and hydrochloric acid.
Stomach
 As the stomach fills:
 stomach contract
 churn the food and
gastric juices together
 This produces chyme
 a creamy, fluid mixture
of food and gastric
juices .
 The passage of digested food from the
digestive tract into the circulatory system.
 The small intestine is the major absorption site.
Small Intestine
 The major part of
digestion and absorption
 20 to 23 feet in length
 Secretions from the
pancreas, liver, and
intestinal juices complete
the chemical breakdown
of all food.
Small Intestine
 Millions of fingerlike  Once food particles
projections called villi enter the
 Each villus contains a capillaries in the
network of capillaries villi, they are
which absorb carried throughout
digested food the body by the
particles from the
blood.
small intestine.
 Peristalsis moves
the chyme from
the stomach into
Small Intestine
 Three parts to the  Ileum
small intestine  Allow one way
 Duodenum
flow into the
 Food enters here
from the stomach
large intestine.
 Jejunum

 The middle section


of the SI
The Liver & Pancreas
 Liver: 2nd largest organ
in the body.
 The function of the

liver is to clean the


blood of toxins then
excrete them into
the bile.
 Bile is a yellowish-

green, bitter fluid


important in the
breakdown of fats.
Liver & Pancreas
 The pancreas produces 3 enzymes:
 Trypsin, which digests proteins
 Amylase, which digests carbohydrates

 Lipase, which digests fats

 Located in the C of the SI’s duodenum.


Gallbladder
 Storage organ for bile
produced from liver
 Located below the
liver
 The small intestine
stimulates the release
of bile into the
duodenum.
 Not required for
digestion
Large Intestine

 Starts Ascending the colon


 Ends at the anus.
 A.K.A. the colon

 5 to 6 feet long
Large Intestine
 Unabsorbed materials:
 leave the small intestine in the form of liquid
and fiber
 enter the large intestine

 Absorbs most remaining


 Water
 Vitamins
 The expulsion of undigested food or body
wastes.
Elimination
 Harmless bacteria in the
large intestine change
the consistency of the
undigested food into a
semisolid waste, called
feces
 Feces passes from the
body through the anus
 Termed “bowel
movement”
Activity: Reconstructive
Surgery
Lifestyle & Dietary
Factors
 Eat at least 3 servings from a variety
of fruits and vegetables to avoid
constipation
 Practice good hand washing hygiene
 Throw food away after it falls on the
floor
 Wash all foods before eating
 Decrease caffeine consumption
Medications
 Some over the counter drugs that will help
aid in the relief of constipation and diarrhea.
 Diarrhea
a. Imodium AD
b. Pepto-Bismol
 Constipation

a. Citrucel
b. Ex-Lax
Stats of Constipation &
Diarrhea
Deaths due to Constipation & Diarrhea

Constipation
17%

Infectious Diarrhea
Constipation

Infectious
Diarrhea
83%
Create your own digestive tract
 Each group will be representing a different part
the digestive tract
 The group will stand in front of the class and
present the pathway of food from ingestion to
excretion
 Each person will state the organ they are and
their function
 Be creative and have fun with the activity

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