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    Power Gen

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Prakash Srivastava
    This document provides an overview of power generation in India. It states that the total installed capacity in India is 176,990.40 MW as of 2010-11, with the majority (54.66%) coming from coal. Wind power accounts for 10.42% with a total installed capacity of 12,009.14 MW, most of which is in the states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. Generation and energy requirements have been increasing year-over-year, however energy shortages still exist between 8.8-11.1% due to increasing demand. The document also provides summaries of gas turbine operation theory and components.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Power Gen

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Prakash Srivastava
    43 views59 pages
    This document provides an overview of power generation in India. It states that the total installed capacity in India is 176,990.40 MW as of 2010-11, with the majority (54.66%) coming from coal. Wind power accounts for 10.42% with a total installed capacity of 12,009.14 MW, most of which is in the states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. Generation and energy requirements have been increasing year-over-year, however energy shortages still exist between 8.8-11.1% due to increasing demand. The document also provides summaries of gas turbine operation theory and components.

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    This document provides an overview of power generation in India. It states that the total installed capacity in India is 176,990.40 MW as of 2010-11, with the majority (54.66%) coming from coal. Wind power accounts for 10.42% with a total installed capacity of 12,009.14 MW, most of which is in the states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. Generation and energy requirements have been increasing year-over-year, however energy shortages still exist between 8.8-11.1% due to increasing demand. The document also provides summaries of gas turbine operation theory and components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    43 views59 pages

    Power Gen

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Prakash Srivastava
    This document provides an overview of power generation in India. It states that the total installed capacity in India is 176,990.40 MW as of 2010-11, with the majority (54.66%) coming from coal. Wind power accounts for 10.42% with a total installed capacity of 12,009.14 MW, most of which is in the states of Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka. Generation and energy requirements have been increasing year-over-year, however energy shortages still exist between 8.8-11.1% due to increasing demand. The document also provides summaries of gas turbine operation theory and components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 59

    Power Gen in India at a glance

    Total Installed Capacity is


    1,76,990.40 MW
    Coal -96,743.38 MW
    54.66%
    Gas - 17,706.35 MW
    10.00%
    Oil - 1,199.75 MW
    0.67%
    Hydro -37,367.4 MW
    21.53%
    Nuclear-4,780 MW 2.7%
    RE -18,454.52 MW 10.42%

    WIND POWER

    Total installed
    Tamil Nadu
    Maharashtra
    Karnataka
    Rajasthan
    Gujarat
    Andhra Pradesh
    Madhya Pradesh
    Kerala
    West Bengal
    Other states

    -12009.14 MW
    -4132.72 MW,
    -1837.85 MW,
    -1184.45 MW,
    -670.97 MW,
    -1432.71 MW,
    -122.45 MW,
    -187.69 MW,
    -23.00 MW,
    -1.10 MW,
    -3.20 MW

    Generation

    Year
    2007-08
    2008-09
    2009-10
    2009-10

    Generation (BU) Growth (%)


    704.5
    6.3
    723.8
    2.7
    771.6
    6.6
    571.6
    -

    (till December 2009)

    2010-11
    (till December 2010)

    597.6

    4.5*

    Energy Generation
    Year

    Energy Requirements
    (Mu)

    2007-08 737052
    2008-09 777039
    2009-10 830594
    2009-10 617907
    (till December 2009)
    2010-11 638067
    (till December 2010)

    Energy Availability
    (Mu)

    Energy Shortage
    (Mu)

    Energy Shortage
    (%)

    664660
    691038
    746644
    557308

    72392
    86001
    83950
    60599

    9.8
    11.1
    10.1
    9.8

    582163

    55904

    8.8

    PLF
    Year

    Central
    (%)

    2007-08 86.7
    2008-09 84.3
    2009-10 85.49
    (till December 2009)
    2010-11 83.13
    (till December 2010)

    State
    (%)

    Private
    (%)

    Overall
    (%)

    71.9
    71.2
    70.9

    90.8
    91
    82.41

    78.8
    77.2
    77.53

    63.93

    79.7

    72.88

    GAS TURBINE OVERVIEW

    GAS TURBINE THEORY

    GAS TURBINE
    Principle of working:- Works on
    Braton Cycle with two nos. Adiabatic
    processes
    of
    compression
    &
    expansion in compressor and turbine
    respectively and Two processes at
    constant pressure i.e. Heat addition in
    combustion chambers and exhaust at
    constant pressure.

    GAS TURBINE
    Principle of Operation:- Rotor is initially
    brought to speed by starting means.
    Atmospheric
    air
    is
    drawn
    into
    the
    compressor and raised to static pressure
    more than the atmospheric. This high
    pressure air is allowed to pass through
    continuous flow Combustion Chambers
    where fuel is ignited with high voltage
    igniters. The product of combustion is
    expanded in the turbine which cause it to
    spin and thus applying a torque to the
    driven accessories i.e. Generator

    WORKING PRINCIPLE
    BRATON
    CYCLE

    BRAYTON CYCLE

    Developed by Georg Brayton (1832


    -1890)
    Heat is added and discharged at
    constant pressure
    Applied in Gas Turbines (GT)
    (Combustion Turbines)

    BRAYTON CYCLE

    Efficiency
    (K-1)/K

    = 1 1/ rp
    where

    rp = compressor pressure ratio = p2/p1

    k = gas constant

    The Actual
    Thermodynamic
    cycle
    For all practical reasons
    the actual thermal
    efficiency will depend
    on

    Pressure ratio
    Turbine inlet Temp
    Compressor inlet temp
    Efficiency of Compressor
    and Turbine

    PRESSURE & TEMP.


    VARIATION IN GT

    SIMPLE CYCLE SINGLE SHAFT GT

    SIMPLE SHAFT TWO SHAFT GT

    DESIGNATION O F GAS TURBINES

    GE MAKE GT MODELS
    Model
    ISO Rating (kw)
    ISO Efficiency (%)
    (1) MS1002
    5070
    24.5
    (2) MS3142(J)
    10450
    25.6
    (3) PG5371(PA)
    26300
    28.5
    (4) PG6581(B)
    42100
    32.0
    (5) PG6111(FA)
    75900
    35.0
    (6) PG9171(E)
    123400
    33.8
    (7) PG9231(EC)
    169200
    34.9
    (8) PG9351(FA)
    255600
    36.5
    (9) PG9551(H)
    380,000
    Note: ISO output is : 15 deg C, 60% RH, Zero MSL, Gas fuel
    and standard Inlet/Exh. Pr. drops

    DIFFERENT MAKE GAS TURBINES


    OEM

    Conventional

    Advance (F/FA class)

    Model

    GT ISO
    Output
    (MW)

    Net CC
    Efficiency
    (%)

    Model

    GT ISO
    Output
    (MW)

    Net CC
    Efficiency
    (%)

    9E

    126.10

    52.7

    9FA

    255.6

    57.1

    159.40

    52.2

    V94.3A 265.9

    57.3

    MHI

    701DA 144.09

    51.6

    701F

    270.3

    57.0

    Alstom

    13E2

    52.9

    GT 26

    263.0

    56.3

    GE

    Siemens V94.2

    165.10

    GAS TURBINE

    GAS TURBINE BASICS

    FLANGE TO FLANGE VIEW OF


    A GAS TURBINE

    GAS TURBINE AUXILIARIES

    STARTING MEANS- ENGINE/MOTOR/FC


    LUBE OIL PUMPS - MOP
    - AOP
    - EOP
    HYDRAULIC PUMPS- MHOP
    - AHOP
    AGB
    COOLING WATER PUMP

    GAS TURBINE AUXILIARIES


    BOOSTER COMPRESSOR
    ATOMIZING AIR COMPRESSOR
    FUEL GAS CONDITIONING SKID
    LP FUEL OIL PUMP
    HP FUEL OIL PUMP
    COMP. WASHING SKID
    STARTING CLUTCH

    AUX. GEAR BOX

    GAS TURBINE SYSTEMS


    AIR INLET SYSTEM
    COMPRESSION SYSTEM
    - AIR COMPRESSOR
    - VIGVs
    - STATOR BLADES
    - ROTOR BLADES
    - EGVs

    INLET PLENUM

    TURBINE FILTERS

    TURBINE FILTERS

    VIGVs

    VIGVs

    VIGV

    COMPRESSOR ROTOR

    INCREASE OF PR. IN COMP

    COMP. STATOR BLADES

    COMP. ROTOR X- SECTION

    GAS TURBINE SYSTEMS

    COMBUSTION SYSTEM
    - FUEL NOZZLES
    - CLs
    - TPs
    - X- FIRE TUBES
    - SPARK PLUGS
    - FLAME SCANNERS

    HOT GAS PATH OF GT

    FUEL NOZZLE

    FUEL NOZZLE

    X- FIRE TUBES

    COMBUSTION LINER

    TRANSITION PIECE

    SPARK PLUGS

    FLAME SCANNER

    GAS TURBINE SYSTEMS

    EXPANSION
    - I, II, III STAGE NOZZLES
    - I, II, III STAGE BUCKETS
    - I, II, III STAGE SHROUDS
    - WHEEL SPACERS

    PRESSURE REDUCTION IN GT

    X- SECTION 9FA GAS TURBINE ROTOR

    U/H TURBINE VIEW

    I STAGE BUCKETS

    I STAGE NOZZLE

    GAS TURBINE CIRCUITS

    LUBE OIL CIRCUIT


    FUEL OIL SYSTEM
    HYD. OIL CIRCUIT
    TRIP OIL CIRCUIT
    ATOMIZING AIR CIRCUIT
    COOLING & SEALING AIR CIRCUIT

    GAS TURBINE

    GAS TURBINE OPERATION

    STARTING A GAS TURBINE

    Turning Gear
    Cranking
    Venting/purging
    Firing
    Warm up
    Acceleration
    Full speed No Load
    Synchronization
    Loading

    100 %

    5
    Speed

    Torque converter angle

    20 %

    4
    3

    Fuel

    Time

    0-1 Cranking
    1-2 Purging
    2-3 Speed down to firing speed
    3- Firing
    3-4 Warm up
    4-5 Acceleration
    5-6 Full Speed no load

    MERITS OF GT OVER ST

    FAST START
    HIGH POWER WT RATIO
    LOW WATER REQUIREMENT
    LOW CAPITAL COST
    LOW ERECTION TIME
    BETTER LOAD CONTROL
    HIGH CYCLE EFFICIENCY IN CC
    OPERATION MODE

    MERITS OF GT OVER ST

    COMPACT DESIGN
    REQUIRES LESS SPACE
    REQUIRES MINIMUM NUMBER OF
    AUXILIARIES OR EXTERNAL SUPPORT
    LOW REQUIREMENT OF STARTING
    POWER/ BLACK START FACILITY

    DEMERITS OF GT OVER ST

    LOW PART LOAD EFFICIENCY


    OUT PUT IS SENSITIVE TO
    METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS
    HIGH RUNNING COST(FUEL)
    HIGH MAINTENANCE COST ( SPARES)
    DUE TO HIGH AIR FUEL RATIO HEAT
    CARRIED BY EX. GASES TUS LOW
    EFFICIENCY AND REQUIRES LARGER DUCT
    WORK

    UESTIONS

    K. S YADAV
    Manager (M-I),PPCL

    Contact
    Cell - 09717694741
    email- [email protected]

    DISCLAIMER
    The
    information
    given
    in
    the
    presentation
    are
    for
    training
    purposes only and can not be used
    as reference for site application to
    solve problem.

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