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    Joint Dislocations

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    fhmanshori
    Joint dislocations occur when two bones that meet at a joint become separated from their normal positions. Dislocations are usually caused by sudden trauma to the joint and can damage ligaments and nerves. Symptoms include pain, swelling, difficulty moving the joint, numbness, and deformity of the joint. Treatment involves promptly reducing the dislocation, checking for neurovascular compromise, immobilizing the joint, and confirming the reduction with x-rays. Common dislocations include the shoulder, elbow, hip, and fingers, each with characteristic causes, presentations, and reduction techniques.

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    Joint Dislocations

    Uploaded by

    fhmanshori
    214 views35 pages
    Joint dislocations occur when two bones that meet at a joint become separated from their normal positions. Dislocations are usually caused by sudden trauma to the joint and can damage ligaments and nerves. Symptoms include pain, swelling, difficulty moving the joint, numbness, and deformity of the joint. Treatment involves promptly reducing the dislocation, checking for neurovascular compromise, immobilizing the joint, and confirming the reduction with x-rays. Common dislocations include the shoulder, elbow, hip, and fingers, each with characteristic causes, presentations, and reduction techniques.

    Original Description:

    kuliah dislokasi sendi blok muskuloskeletal dan integumen fakultas kedokteran unram

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    Joint dislocations occur when two bones that meet at a joint become separated from their normal positions. Dislocations are usually caused by sudden trauma to the joint and can damage ligaments and nerves. Symptoms include pain, swelling, difficulty moving the joint, numbness, and deformity of the joint. Treatment involves promptly reducing the dislocation, checking for neurovascular compromise, immobilizing the joint, and confirming the reduction with x-rays. Common dislocations include the shoulder, elbow, hip, and fingers, each with characteristic causes, presentations, and reduction techniques.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    214 views35 pages

    Joint Dislocations

    Uploaded by

    fhmanshori
    Joint dislocations occur when two bones that meet at a joint become separated from their normal positions. Dislocations are usually caused by sudden trauma to the joint and can damage ligaments and nerves. Symptoms include pain, swelling, difficulty moving the joint, numbness, and deformity of the joint. Treatment involves promptly reducing the dislocation, checking for neurovascular compromise, immobilizing the joint, and confirming the reduction with x-rays. Common dislocations include the shoulder, elbow, hip, and fingers, each with characteristic causes, presentations, and reduction techniques.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 35

    JOINT DISLOCATIONS

    Dr.rudi febrianto Sp.OT


    JOINT DISLOCATIONS
    Definition
    A dislocation is a separation of two bones where
    they meet at a joint. A dislocated bone is no longer
    in its normal position. A dislocation may also cause
    ligament or nerve damage. Dislocations may be
    associated with a periarticular fracture
    A subluxation is
    an incomplete or partial
    dislocation. For example, a
    nursemaid's elbow is the
    subluxation of the head of the
    radius in the elbow.

    SUBLUXATION
    DISLOCATION CAUSES

    Dislocations are usually caused by a
    sudden impact to the joint. This usually
    occurs following a blow, fall, or other
    trauma
    Predisposing factor of
    dislocation
    Susceptibility to fall
    Heredity
    Sport participation
    Motor vehicle accident
    DISLOCATION SYMPTOMS
    History of injury
    Pain
    Swelling
    Difficulty moving the joint
    Numbness and paresthesias

    DISLOCATION SIGNS
    Visibly out-of-place, discolored, or
    misshapen joint
    Limited joint movement
    Swollen or bruised
    Intensely painful, especially if you try to
    use the joint or bear weight on it or move
    it.
    Decreased sensation distal to the joint
    Decreased pulse, cool extremity distal to
    the joint

    NOMENCLATURE FOR
    DISLOCATIONS
    Name the JOINT
    Name the dislocation by the position of
    the DISTAL FRAGMENT in relation to
    the proximal fragment
    Add FRACTURE to the name if there is
    a periarticular fracture.
    Add OPEN if a wound communicates
    with the dislocation
    RADIOGRAPHS
    Two planes at 90
    degrees to each other
    Good quality
    Standard views
    See the entire joint
    Dislocated Elbow
    TREATMENT
    Reduce the dislocation as soon as possible
    Check Neurovascular function distally
    Take post reduction radiograph
    Immobilize the joint
    REDUCTION TECHNIQUE
    Start IV
    Give sedation
    Apply traction force
    Manipulate joint
    Posterior dislocation of Elbow
    Fall on the hand with elbow slightly flexed
    or severe hyperextension injury
    Clinical feature : humerus driven forward
    througt anterior capsule, there is always
    extensive soft tissue injury,
    Elbow is grossly swollen, olecranon is
    readly palpable posteriorly
    Complication : median nerve injury, elbow
    stiffness, myositis ossification
    Reduction technique
    Reduction technique
    Shoulder dislocation
    Anterior or posterior dislocation
    Shoulder joint is dependent stability on
    the joint capsule and surrounding muscle
    The glenoid cavity being small in relation
    to head of humerus
    Anterior dislocation of shoulder
    Incident is 95% of all dislocation of
    shoulder
    Caused by forced external rotation and
    extension of shoulder
    Humeral head driven forward and
    frequently avulses the cartilagenous
    glenoid labrum and capsule from anterior
    margin of the glenoid cavityThe bankart
    lesion
    Patient immediately aware
    Treatment
    prone position in 10 minute wait until
    spontaneous reposition to normal
    Hippocrates technique
    Reduction with general anesthesia
    Complication
    Recurrent
    Traction injury of axillary nerve
    SHOULDER REDUCTION
    Sedation
    Apply traction and
    counter traction
    Lift humeral head into
    the glenoid
    Posterior dislocation of shoulder

    posterior dislocation of the hip
    Dashboard injury or fall on the knee flexed
    Usually jeopardize blood supply to femoral
    heademergency and need to reduce as
    soon as possible to prevent avascular
    necrosis
    To lower incident of avascular necrosis need
    to be reduced in first 8 hours
    Clinical feature : hip in flexion, adduction,
    internal rotation and shortening
    X-ray : femoral head lies well above the
    acetabulum

    Hip reduction
    Hip reduction
    HIP REDUCTION

    Sedation
    Relaxation, flexion,
    traction, and
    rotation
    Gentle and
    atraumatic
    Relocation should be palpable and permit significantly
    improved ROM. This often requires very deep sedation.
    Anterior dislocation of the hip


    Ankle dislocation

    PIPJ DISLOCATION
    Hyper-extend the joint, apply traction then flex the joint. Follow with a post
    reduction x-ray, check for avulsion fracture.
    THANK YOU

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