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Plastic Analysis of A Structure

This document provides an overview of plastic analysis of structures. It discusses key concepts such as the idealized stress-strain curve of mild steel, bending of beams, redistribution of moments and reserve strength, shape factors, load factors, mechanisms of plastic collapse, conditions for plastic analysis including equilibrium, mechanism and yield, theorems of plastic analysis including static/lower bound and kinematic/upper bound, and methods of analysis including static and kinematic methods. The document serves as a presentation on plastic analysis of structures.

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jana42
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506 views19 pages

Plastic Analysis of A Structure

This document provides an overview of plastic analysis of structures. It discusses key concepts such as the idealized stress-strain curve of mild steel, bending of beams, redistribution of moments and reserve strength, shape factors, load factors, mechanisms of plastic collapse, conditions for plastic analysis including equilibrium, mechanism and yield, theorems of plastic analysis including static/lower bound and kinematic/upper bound, and methods of analysis including static and kinematic methods. The document serves as a presentation on plastic analysis of structures.

Uploaded by

jana42
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PLASTIC ANALYSIS OF

A STRUCTURE
Presented by

Dipanjan Jana
3rd year
Civil Engineering
Roll: 26301311039
Regent Education and Research fundation
Contents
INTRODUCTION

IDEALIZED STRESS-STRAIN CURVE OF MILD STEEL

BENDING OF BEAMS

REDISTRIBUTION OF MOMENTS AND RESERVE OF STRENGH

SHAPE FACTOR

LOAD FACTOR

MECHANISM

PLASTIC COLLAPSE

CONDITION IN PLASTIC ANALYSIS

PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL WORK

THEOREMS OF PLASTIC ANALYSIS

METHODS OF ANALYSIS

REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
• Steel is very ductile material and from the stress strain curve it is
observed that higher loads than in the elastic method can be
applied over the structure. This is due to the fact that a major
portion of the curve lies beyond the elastic limit. This extra
strength is termed reserve strength and forms the basis of plastic
design method.

This is an aspect of limit design, which confines the structural


usefulness up to the plastic strength or ultimate load carrying
capacity. this method is based on failure condition. In this method
of design failure implies collapse or extremely large deformations,
thus the structure fails at a much higher load, called the collapse
load, than working load.
Idealized stess strain curve
for mild steel
Bending of beams
Redistribution of moments and reserve of
strength
Shape factor
• For a ductile material like structural steel a member reaching
yield at the extreme fibers retains a reserve of strength that
varies with the shape factor.
• Shape factor=plastic moment/yield moment
• It is a function of the cross section form or shape.
Load factor
• Load is a factor defined as the ratio of collapse load
to the working load. It is represented by F.
F = Pu/ Pw = Mp/ Mw = fy Zp/f Ze = fy S /f = (F.O.S)S
MECHANISM
When a structure is subjected to a system of loads ,it is stable and hence
functional until a sufficient number of plastics things have been formed to render
the structure unstable. As soon as the structure reaches an unstable condition it is
considered to have been failed. The segments of the beam between the plastic
hinges are able to move without an increase of load. This condition in a member is
called mechanism.
The concept of mechanism formation in a structure due to loading beyond the
elastic limit of a virtual work are used in plastic analysis has redundancy r,the
collapse of number of plastic hinges required (r+1).
TYPES OF MECHANISM

a) Beam Mechanism
b) Sway Mechanism
c) Joint Mechanism
d) Gable Mechanism
e) Composite Mechanism
PLASTIC COLLAPSE
•The plastic collapse of a structure depends upon its
redundancy .When a sufficient number of plastic
hinges are formed to convert a structure into
mechanism the structure collapse as such a stage,
the deflection increases very fast at a constant load.
The collapse of a structure can be partial, complete
and over complete.
• This terms can be explained indeterminacy (r) .
• Number of Plastic hinges(N)
• The number of plastic hinges in collapse
mechanism are less than (r+1).The collapse is called
partial collapse.
•The number of plastic hinges in collapse
mechanism are equal to (r+1).The collapse is called
complete collapse.
•The number of plastic hinges in collapse
mechanism are greater than (r+1).The collapse is
called over complete collapse.
CONDITION IN PLASTIC ANALYSIS

1) Equilibrium condition
2) Mechanism condition
3) Yield condition
PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL WORK

If a system of forces in equilibrium is subjected to a virtual displacement


the work done by the external forces equals the work done by internal
forces.
We=Wi
It is to a object to express an equilibrium condition.
THEOREMS OF PLASTIC ANALYSIS

1) Static or lower bound theorem


2) Kinematic or upper bound theorem
3) Uniqueness theorem
METHODS OF ANALYSIS

1) Static Method
2) Kinematic Method
CONCLUSION
• engineers and research workers have been stimulated to study the plastic strength of
steel structures and its application to design for three principle reasons:
• a)it has a more logical design basis.
• b)it is more economical in the use of steel.
• c)it represents a substantial saving of time in the design.

• -[beedle,1960]

• the calculation of load carrying capacity by use of limit theorems is much easier than
the calculation of stress .answer obtained are not only physically more meaningful
but also simplier.The simplicity of limit analysis opens the way to limit design, to
direct design as contrasted with the trial and error procedure normally followed in
conventional design.

• -[chen,1982]
REFERENCE
• Limit State Design of Steel Structures-[S.K.Duggal]
• Structural Design In Steel – [Sarawar Alam Raz]
• Plastic Analysis and Design of Steel Structures-[M. Bill Wong]
• Collapse!: The Science of Structural Engineering Failures-[Kirstin Cronn-Mills]

• Image Custody
Google Image
Korby’s Image
THE END

THANK YOU

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