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Linux Kernel Architecture

The document discusses the architecture and functions of the Linux kernel. It describes the kernel as the core of the operating system that manages resources and arbitrates access between competing users. The kernel architecture includes user space, where applications run, and kernel space, where kernel processes run and can only be accessed through system calls. The kernel's functions include managing the file system, processes, devices, memory, and networking. It allows applications to interface with hardware through a consistent interface.

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Jyothy Lakshu
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75 views

Linux Kernel Architecture

The document discusses the architecture and functions of the Linux kernel. It describes the kernel as the core of the operating system that manages resources and arbitrates access between competing users. The kernel architecture includes user space, where applications run, and kernel space, where kernel processes run and can only be accessed through system calls. The kernel's functions include managing the file system, processes, devices, memory, and networking. It allows applications to interface with hardware through a consistent interface.

Uploaded by

Jyothy Lakshu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linux Kernel

Architecture
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 2
Contents
What is Kernel ?
Kernel Architecture Overview
User Space
Kernel Space
Kernel Functional Overview
File System
Process Management
Device Driver
Memory Management
Networking
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 3
What is Kernel ?

The Core of OS
a kernel is really nothing more than a
resource manager
the kernel manages and arbitrates
access to the resource between
multiple competing users

Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 4
Kernel Architecture Overview
User Space
Kernel Space
User Space
System Call
Hardware
Kernel Space
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 5
The fundamental architecture
of the GNU/Linux

Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 6
The User Space is the space in memory where
user applications are executed.
The kernel Space is the space in memory
where kernel processes run.The user has
access to it only through the system call.
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 7
Linux kernal is a monolithic kernal
It includes all the necessary functions
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 8
Kernel Functional Overview
File System
Process Management
Device Driver
Memory Management
Networking
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 9
Kernel Functional Overview
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 10
Functional Layer &
Architectural Layer
User Space
System Call
Hardware
MM
PM
Net DM
FS
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 11
File System
It is responsible for storing information on disk
and retrieving and updating this information.
accessed through system calls eg.FAT16, FAT32,
NTFS,ext2, ext3
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 12
Type of Files
The Unix system has the following types of files:
Ordinary Files
Directory Files
Special Files (devices)
FIFO Files for Pipes
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 13
Virtual File System
It manages all the different file system.
The virtual file system is designed to
present a consistent view of data as
stored on hardware devices.
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 14
Process Management
Kernel creates, manages and deletes the
processes.
Kernal helps to increase the performance
of OS, by executing the process in pre
emptive manner.

Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 15
Process Management (Cont.)
Each process has a unique identifier (Process ID).
System calls used for process management-
fork,exec,kill,exit,signal
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 16
States
Running
Waiting
Stopped
Zombie
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 17
Device Driver
Linux kernel contains the code to manage the
HW controller .
Character devices,Block devices,Network
devices are different types of devices
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 18
Memory Management
Physical memory is limited.
Virtual memory is developed to overcome this
limitation.
Dr. Victor Larios DSI CUCEA UdeG 19
Linux network layers
The network subsystem allows Linux systems to connect to
other systems over a network. The network subsystem
abstracts implementation
details of network devices and protocols

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