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org
PLMN
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CDMA2000 1x network
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The Mobile Station MS
MS = ME + SIM
Mobile Equipment (ME):
it is the terminal used by the user.
Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)
It is an electronic microchip for storing
information about the subscription.
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Radio transmission termination.
Radio channel management.
Speech encoding / decoding.
Flow control of data.
Mobility management.
Call control.
Performance measurement of radio link.
Function of a Mobile Station
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Stores user addresses
IMSI,MSISDN,TIMSI, rooming, MIN/IMSI,MDN,
ESN, SID/NID etc
authentication and encryption features
subscribers secret authentication key (Ki)
Authentication algorithm (secret algorithm -
A3 not unique)
Cipher key generation algorithm (A8)
Personalization
SIM stores user profile (subscribed services)
RAM available for SMS, short numbers, users
directory, etc
Protection codes PIN ,PUK

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MIN/IMSI
Mobile subscriber identity/international mobile subscriber identity
For example, 0907550001/460030907550001
Not more than 15 digits
3 digits 2 digits
IMSI
MCC MNC
MSIN
NMSI
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MDN
CC
+
MAC
+
H
0
H
1
H
2
H
3
+
ABCD
International mobile subscriber DN
National valid mobile subscriber number
Mobile directory number
For example, 8613307550001
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ESN
A unique Electronic Serial Number (ESN) is used to identify single
MS. An ESN includes 32 bits and has the following structure:

31......24 23......18 17......0 bit
Manufacturers number retained equipment SN
For example, FD 03 78 0A (the 10th Motorola 378 mobile phone)
The equipment serial number is allocated by a manufacturer.
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SID/NID
MSCID (Exchange Identity)
= System Identity (SID) + Exchange number (SWIN)
is used to represent a certain set of equipment in an
NSS network. For example,
Unicom CDMA Shenzhen MSC is labeled as 3755+01
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The International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)
MCC
(3 digits)
MNC
(2 digits)
MSIN
(10 digits)
MCC: Mobile Country Code
International standardized
MSIN: Mobile Subscriber Identification Number
Identification of subscriber in his mobile home network
MNC: Mobile Network Code
Unique Identification of mobile networks within acountry.
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The Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number (MSISDN)
CC
(2-3 digits)
NDC
(2-3 digits)
SN
(max. 10 digits)
CC: Country Code
SN: Subscriber Numbe
NDC: National Destination Code
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The Mobile Station Roaming Number (MSRN)
CC
(2-3 digits)
NDC
(2-3 digits)
SN
(max. 10 digits)
CC: Country Code
Of the visited network
SN: Subscriber Numbe
Assigned by the current VLR and is unique in the current mobile
network
NDC: National Destination Code
Of the visited network
Used by the HLR for rerouting calls to the MS.
It is assigned upon demand by the HLR on a per call basis.
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Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity (TMSI)
Used in place of the IMSI for
define identification and
addressing of the MS.
The purpose is to keep
subscriber information confidential
on the air interface.
The TMSI is relevant on the local
MSC/VLR level only
Changed at new MSC/VLR area
or at time intervals (ID hopping)

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Base Station Subsystem (BSS)
MS
The Base Station Sub-system (BSS) is responsible for all the
radio-related functions in the system.
BTS
BSC
BSS
T
R
A
U
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Ciphering using the ciphering key.
Channel coding and interleaving.
Records and passes to the BSC
the Signal strength measurements.
Modulation and demodulation


Function of BTS
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Paging
Channel allocation
Dynamic power control in MS and BTS
Locating the MS
Handover
Frequency Hopping
Function of BSC
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Network Switching Subsystem (NSS)
MSC/VLR
HLR
AUC
BSC
NSS
BTS
BTS
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Switching and call routing to or from MS.
Charging.
Service provisioning.
Control of connected BSCs.
Access to PSTN.
Provides the gateway functionality to
other networks.
One MSC controls more than one BSC.
Function of MSC
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Its function is to connect the PLMN to the PSTN or to the other PLMN existing
in the country.
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The HLR is a centralized network database that stores and manages all
mobile subscriptions.
Permanent information
IMSI, MSISDN
Services subscribed
Service restrictions (e.g. roaming restrictions)
Parameters for additional services
info about user equipment (IMEI)
Authentication data
Temporary information
Link to current location of the user:
Current VLR address (if avail)
Current MSC address (if avail)
MSRN (if user outside PLMN)
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MSC/VLR
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Short Message Center (MC or SC)
As an independent entity in the CDMA cellular mobile communication
system

the short message center works in coordination with other entities such
as MSC and HLR

Functions of SMC
to implement the reception, storing and transfer of the short messages from
CDMA cellular mobile communication system subscribers,
and store subscriber-related short message data.
Manages the resend of the SMS
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1x Packet Data Service
Compared with IS-95, in order for the CDMA2000 user data service to access, the
CDMA2000-1X core network should be added with:

PDSN,
HA (providing Mobile IP service)
AAA;
these three functional entities are the cdma2000-1X access network should be
added with PCF functional entity.

These new devices are required by the packet data service transmission to
provide high-speed access to the Internet, videophone, and e-commerce to the
users in the 3G mobile communication system.
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System Architecture

R-P Interface, A10/A11


AAA
HA
PDSN
Firewall
BSC/PCF BTS
Billing
System
IP Network
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As a access gateway , PDSN(packet data service node) provides the
CDMA2000 mobile station with services for Internet access or Intranet
access.PDSN acts as an interface between Radio Network and Packet Data
Network.
Provides the mobile station with Simple IP access service or Mobile IP
access service.In Simple IP, PDSN acts as a Network access server, while
in Mobile IP, PDSN acts as Foreign Agent(FA) for Mobile Station.
At the CDMA2000 1x stage, the maximum access rate available for each
subscriber is 153.6kbps
PDSN acts as a client of AAA server.
PDSN
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AAA authenticates the script file information of the subscribers, authorizes data
services, and Collects accounting information from PDSN, completes accounting.

Authentication
simple IP and mobile IP.

Authorization
subscriber configuration information.

Accounting
collecting billing data(both radio specific and IP network specific) for each
packet data call.

AAA
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Simple IP Access

- Similar to the network access through dialing-up modem on the fixed
telephone .
- Assigning dynamic IP addresses and accomplishing the data
communication with MS as the calling party .
Mobile IP Access

- Providing a route mechanism in the internet. Assigning MS fixed
addresses to connect any sub-networks
- Accomplishing the data communication with MS as the calling party or the
called party, and holding data communication when MS handoff between
different PPP link.




Access Method
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The smallest unit of a cellular
system
Each cell is assigned unique
number call CGI
1- The Cell
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BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS
Group of cells
Has identity called location
area identity (LAI)
May be control by one or
more BSC but one MSC
2- The location Area (LA)
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MSC
VLR
3- The MSC Service Area
Group of LAs controlled by
one MSC
The subscribers MSC service
area is stored in its HLR

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3- The PLMN Service
Group of MSC areas controlled by
one network operator.
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Service Area
PLMN Service Area
MSC Service Area
Location Area
One per operator
5- The Service Area
More operator sign contracts
agreeing to work together for
international roaming
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Cell Identity (CGI)
MCC: Mobile Country Code
LAC: Location Area Code
MNC: Mobile Network Code
MCC
(3 digits)
MNC
(2 digits)
LAC
(4 digits)
CI
(4 digits)
CI: Cell Identity
LAI