Energizing Leadership

Effectiveness

Mano Verabathran
National Institute of Public Administration
(INTAN)
Introduction
Definitions of Leadership
Definitions of Effective
Leadership
Energizing the Organisation
Styles of Leadership
Qualities of Effective Leaders
Conclusion
Definitions of Leadership

“The process (act) of influencing the

activities of an organised group in its
efforts toward goal setting and goal
achievement” [Stogdill]
“The ability of an individual to influence,
motivate, and enable others to
contribute toward the effectiveness and
success of the organizations of which
they are members" (House, R. J. )
“Leadership is influence – nothing more,
nothing less”

John C. Maxwell
“Leadership involves the creation of a
vision and strategic direction for the
organisation, the communication of the
vision to the people and customers of
the organisation and also involves
inspiring, motivating and aligning people
and the organisation to achieve this
vision” [J. Kotter (1990)]
Common Elements in the
Definition
of Leadership
According to Philips Sadler (2002), as an
element of social interaction, leadership is a
complex activity involving:
1. A process of influence
2. Actors who are both leaders and followers
3. A range of possible outcome – the
achievement of goals, but also the
commitment of individuals to such goals,
the enhancement of group cohesion and
the reinforcement of change of
organisational behaviour
Definition of Effective Leaders

Effective leaders ………...

……… someone who knows how to inspire and

relate to subordinates; able to convince
subordinates that the organisational vision is
not only important but attainable; able to
challenge them with goals, projects, tasks and
responsibility that allow them to feel a sense of
personal success, achievement, and
accomplishment; rewards subordinates who
perform well with recognition, money and
promotions
Locke (1999)
Effective Islamic leaders ………...
……. have positive personality traits and the
traits are God-fearing, high morality,
compassion for the people, patience, humble,
fair, just, diligent, courageous, pious, honest,
positive outlook, considerate and noble.
Effective leadership is associated with good
character
Al-Ghazali refers to good character as the
person’s good inward form, that is, in his soul,
which has four faculties; knowledge, anger,
desire and justice. In a man of good character,
all these faculties remain sound, moderate and
mutually harmonious
Muhammad Abdul Quasem (1975)
EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP

Effective Demonstrate
Achieves
Leadership = Attributes x
(Competencies) Results
Energizing The Organization

The Function of Energizing

Management
• Managing Team
 Planning Work
 Organizing • Managing
Communication
 Energizing • Managing
Motivation
 Control
Leadership and Management
Competencies

Management is efficiency in climbing the

ladder of success; Leadership determines
whether the ladder is leaning against the
right wall.
Steven R. Covey
Managerial Skills

Supervisors Middle Senior

Managers Managers

Conceptual
Skills

Human Relation
Skills

Technical
Skills
Leadership and Management
Competencies
High Performers Average Performer

• Walk the talk Blame failures on others

• Follow through
Character

• Use technical knowledge • Do not understand the job

to help team Personal well
• Encourage alternative Capacity • Have a ‘one right way
approaches and new ideas mindset
• Work to improve new ideas • Content with current skills
• Seek feedback and abilities
Leadership and Management
Competencies
High Performers Average Performer

• Do everything possible
to meet goals Focus on Unable to build commitment
among all members
• Promote a spirit of Results
continuous improvement

• Provide the work group

Inter- • Do a poor job of
with a definite sense of Perso communicating plans to
staff
direction and purpose nal • Fails to inspire commitments
• Energize people to go the
extra mile
skills
Leadership and Management
Competencies
High Performers Average Performer

• Translate organisational Leading • Get caught up in the

change Organisational “day to day”
Change • Tend to follow the lead
• Championing change
of others
 Leader

Leadership
involves an Personality
Position
interaction Expertise
etc
between the
Leader, the Values Task
Norms
Followers, Cohesiveness
Stress
Environment
etc
and the etc

Situation
Followers Situation
Leadership Style

Leadership style is the

manner and approach of
providing direction,
implementing plans and
motivating people
Leadership Styles

Authoritarian leader - make all group

decisions and assign tasks to members
Paternalistic leader – consider his/her
subordinates as being not fully mature and
responsible.
Democratic leader - encourage group
discussion and decision making through
census building.
Laissez-faire leader - minimally involved in
decision making and encourage group
members to make their own decisions.
Leadership Style
Delegative
Autocratic Democratic
(free reign/
(Authoritarian) (Participative)
Laissez-faire)

Leader
Leader Leader

Employees Employees
Employees

Leader Whole Group Employees

EMPHASIS
Authoritarian (autocratic)

This type is used when the leader tells

his/her employees what he/she wants
done and how he/she wants it done,
without getting the advice of his/her
people.
• Rely on threats and punishment to
influence employee?
• Do not trust employee?
• Do not allow employee input?
Autocratic Style ………. continued

Effective when ….
• Employee do not respond to any other
leadership style
• Work needs to be coordinated with other
department
• The area
Should notwas poorlywhen
be used managed
……
• Employees become tense, fearful or resentful
• Employees expect to have their opinions heard
• There is low employee morale, high turnover
and absenteeism
Participative (democratic)

This type of style involves the leader

including one or more employees in on
the decision making process
(determining what to do and how to do
it). However, the leader maintains the
final decision making authority.
• Develops plans to help employee evaluate
Typically
their owndemocratic
performanceleader:
• Allow employees to establish goals
• Encourage employees to grow on the job and
be promoted
• Recognizes and encourages achievement
 Democratic Style ………. continued
continued

Effective when ….
• The leader wants to keep employees
informed about matters that effect them
• The leader want employees to share in
decision-making and problem-solving duties
• You want to encourage team building and
participation
Should not be used when ……
• There is not enough time to get everyone’s
input
• It’s easier and more cost-effective for the
manager to make the decision
• The business can’t afford mistake
 Delegative (free
reign/laissez-faire)

In this style, the leader allows the

employees to make the decision.
However, the leader is still
responsible for the decisions that
are made. This is used to
analyzed the situation and
determine what needs to be done
and how to do it.
Delegative Style ………….
continued

Effective when ….
• Employees are highly skilled, experienced
and educated
• Employees have pride in their work and the
drive to do it successfully on their own
• Employees are trustworthy
Should not be used when ……
• It makes employees feel insecure at the
unavailability of a manager
• The manager cannot provide regular
feedback to let employees know how well
they are doing
• Mangers are unable to thank employees of
their good work
Varying Leadership Style

While the proper leadership style

depends on the situation, there are
other factors that influence which style
to use
• The manager’s personal background.
What personality, knowledge, values,
ethics does the manager have.
• The employees being supervised.
Employees are individuals with different
personalities and backgrounds.
• The company. The traditions, values,
philosophy and concerns of the company
will influence how the manager acts.
 THE SECRET BLEND
FOR EFFECTIVE
LEADERSHIP
(Ken Blanchard & Marc Muchnick)
The Challenge

Leading people is the opposite of

trying to control them

Leadership is not just what happens

when you’re there, it’s what happens
when you’re not there
Leadership is not
something
you do to people,
it’s something
you do with them
Integrity - lays the foundation for trust
and respect

Partnership - harvests the potential

of the team

Affirmation - lets people know that

what they do is important
The search for integrity

Leading with integrity means being the

person you want others to be

Trust is what happens when values

and behaviours match up

People are more apt to trust and

respect you when what you say and
what you do are one and the same
The Partnership Imperative

The key to effective leadership is the

relationship you build with your team

Sharing the big picture puts everyone

on the same page

It is easier to get up the hill when you

climb it together
The Art of Affirmation

Praise is the easiest way to let people

know they are appreciated.

Each of us has the power to recognise

the goodness in others.

You will go a lot further if you stop to

refuel.
 QUALITIES OF
EFFECTIVE LEADERS
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Have a clear vision

Having a long term
view of your
business and future
oriented plans will
enable clear,
focused and rapid
decision making
Qualities of Effective
Leaders
Be clear about your
values

• Will give you the

confidence to
stand up for what
you believe
• Strong and
determined
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Knowledgeable

Must be well versed

with the organisational
knowledge
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Be an inspiration
• Use your vision to
inspire others
• Show what your
subordinate can
achieve
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Act as you wish

others to behave

Great leaders set the

example, take the
action and show
people how things
should be done
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Be courageous

Leaders take risks.

The quickest way to
succeed is through
failing
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Show integrity

Set the high

standards for
yourself and
never deviate
from them
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Take
responsibility
Accept total personal
responsibility for
your every thought,
action and result.
Never complain
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Plan and
organise
• Maximise your
output from a
limited
resources
• Prioritise and
organise
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Delegate and
coach
(empowerment)
• Give others
responsibility
• Guide, teach,
encourage,
motivate, etc
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Create a spirit
of collaboration
and community

• Show appreciation
for a job well done
• Show people you
care
Qualities of Effective
Leaders

Continuously improve

Look for
opportunities to
continuously
improve your
organisation
Qualities of Effective
Leaders
Cognitive Expert
Skills Skills
Ability to think
clearly and Effective Master
analyse problems competencies,
Leadership technical
knowledge
Relationship
Action
Skills
Skills
Ability to get Exemplary leadership
things done e.g. behaviour and social
delegate, skills, building trust and
motivate, effective working
communicate relationships
Ten traits of Great Leaders
1. Ability to create a compelling vision
2. Ability to articulate their vision to others
3. Consistency – great leaders don’t change
with the wind
4. Focus on key results. They are not
distracted by trivia
5. Leaders anticipate problems and work
diligently
6. Humility – high achievers have justifiable
pride in their accomplishments
7. Holistic thinking – leaders can see the big
picture
8. Strategic thinking – leaders has an eye on
the future
9. Agile minds – leaders learn quickly
10. Leaders are fair minded and avoid taking
abusive advantage of people and situation
Effective Leader

“You have to be similar enough to be

understood and different enough to
justify your position”

Prof. Moneim El-Meligi

Conclusion
Caliph Ali stated that a good leader must use
his head (wisdom) heart (feelings and
emotions), hands (strength and power) and
tongue (good communication) to help others
because GOD holds himself responsible to
help those who sincerely try their best to help
Him. A person can only reach the stage of
piety or total God-fearing with full wisdom of
knowledge and practising them with deep
sincerity under the guidance of GOD and the
traditions of the Prophet
The Letter by Amir Al-Mu’mineen Ali Ibn Abu Talib
The Fourth Caliph, to Malek al-Ashtar,The Governor of
Egypt
Conclusion

TWO GREAT LEADERS AND THEIR

DISTINCTIVE DIFFERENCES

GENGHIZ KHAN - ANNIHILATE

ALEXANDER THE GREAT - NURTURE

Conclusion

NAPOLEAN BONAPARTE

Told his captains that they could

do whatever they want, but must
leave 4 issues to him.

What do you think they are ?

Conclusion

THE

RIGHT TO HIRE
RIGHT TO PROMOTE
RIGHT TO TRANSFER
RIGHT TO FIRE

AS THERE CAN ONLY BE ONE LION

ON THE MOUNTAIN.
THANK YOU
AND ALL THE
BEST