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Plasma Display Technology

Plasma display technology uses a gas discharge process to excite phosphors and produce an image. It is positioned to compete against CRT technology for screen sizes between 26 and 42 inches. Improvements in plasma fabrication have increased panel lifespan and reduced materials costs. There are now over 25 manufacturers of plasma displays in various sizes. While plasma displays have higher power consumption and weight than LCD, they provide better picture quality with wider viewing angles and more saturated colors.

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290 views16 pages

Plasma Display Technology

Plasma display technology uses a gas discharge process to excite phosphors and produce an image. It is positioned to compete against CRT technology for screen sizes between 26 and 42 inches. Improvements in plasma fabrication have increased panel lifespan and reduced materials costs. There are now over 25 manufacturers of plasma displays in various sizes. While plasma displays have higher power consumption and weight than LCD, they provide better picture quality with wider viewing angles and more saturated colors.

Uploaded by

api-3773290
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Plasma

Plasma Display
Display
Technology
Technology
Playing A Strong Hand
• Plasma is gunning for CRTs
– “Sweet spot” is from 26 inches to 42 inches
– Plasma in true HD resolutions only above 42 inches
– New plasma fabs from Samsung, CPT, Panasonic
– New gas mixtures (neon + xenon) = longer panel life
– Materials cost for plasma fabs lower than LCD (about
1/3 of price, LCD is 1/2 of price) - larger is cheaper!
– > 25 companies now manufacturing or marketing
plasma in all sizes (this number changes every week)
PDP Technology - A
Recap
• Plasma monitors and TVs are emissive in operation
• Image brightness directly related to intensity at
which individual pixels are driven
• Current PDP benchmarks include sizes to 102”
(prototypes) and brightness exceeding 100 nits (FW)
• Power draw 15-20% more than LCD for given size
• Weight 20-25% more than LCD for given size
• Mature technology since early 1960s
Plasma Imaging Process
• CHARGE / DISCHARGE CYCLE
– Uses mix of rare gases (neon, argon, etc)
– 160 - 250V AC discharge in cell stimulates
ultraviolet (UV) radiation
– UV stimulation causes color phosphors to
glow and form picture elements
– Yes, PDPs get warm!
Gas Plasma Discharge
Principle
A Close Cousin?
(Fluorescent Lamps)
PDP Rib Structure
(Simple)
Real World Plasma
Benchmarks
• A review 42-inch plasma TV delivered from 72 to 299 nits (21 to
87.4 foot-Lamberts) with ANSI (average) contrast measured at
596:1 and peak contrast at 772:1
• Typical black level = .21 nits (same as CRT)
• Deep cell structure, improved filters both enhance contrast
• Predicted life of phosphors: 60,000 hours @ 80 nits (not in full
power mode)
• Burn-in still a concern, picture orbiting and low power modes are
standard menu selections now
Deep Cell Pixel Structure
• Waffle-like pixel
structure for higher light
output
• Improves luminous
efficiency
• Black levels higher
• Viewing angles the same
as conventional “ribs”
• More complex to
manufacture than ribs
Alternate Lighting of
Surfaces
• Segmented pixel
scanning system
• Higher light output
with reduced power
• Not an interlaced
system
• High pixel density in
smaller panel sizes
• FHP developed it
Plasma Tube Technology
• Tubes less expensive to
make than unified PDP
• Allows much larger panel
sizes
• Tubes can be cut to
specific lengths
• Developed and patented
by Fujitsu (will Hitachi
continue?)
How Does Video Look?
• Plasma panels are RGB devices (0-255 levels of gray)
• Plasma displays have trouble with high- and low-level
shadow detail (video) resulting in false contours
• They work best with RGB input signals and video scalars
to achieve 1:1 pixel map
• Best to use RGB or DVI input connections
• No problems with fast motion, progressive sources are
the best to display (480p, 576p, 720p, PC rates)
Plasma Versus LCD: The
‘Skinny’
• Drawbacks of Plasma:
– Phosphor burn-in (overdrive)
– Power consumption and heat dissipation
– Pixel pitch is coarse (.8mm - 1 mm)
• Advantages of Plasma:
– Wider viewing angles (160 degrees H&V)
– Saturated colors, lower gray levels
– Faster video switch times (full motion 60 Hz)
– Lower cost!!!
What’s Ahead for Plasma
• Has conceded 32” and smaller market due to prices and
mass availability of LCD
• Longevity - est. 30,000 - 60,000 hours*
• Size - 80” current production max, >100” possible
• Resolution - HDTV (1920x1080) at 65” and above
• 42” EDTV plasma was the ‘hot’ product for 2004 holiday
selling season
• Gradual shift to 42-inch HD plasma from ED models
Other Contenders and
Pretenders
• Organic Light-emitting Diodes (OLEDs)
– Low voltage, super thin analog display devices
– Saturated, bright colors and wide viewing angles
• Surface-conduction Electron-emitter Displays (SEDs)
– Super-flat version of a CRT
– Bright colors, wide viewing angles
• Field Emissive Displays (FEDs)
• Electroluminescent Displays (ELs)
• Super Flat CRTs
• Salad Dressing Light Valves (SDLVs)
THANK YOU

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