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Repeatability & Reproducibility - Class

1) R&R studies evaluate the precision of a measurement system by measuring the variation in results from multiple measurements of the same item. 2) The study involves measuring items multiple times with the same operator (repeatability) and different operators (reproducibility) to determine the measurement error. 3) The results are used to calculate repeatability, reproducibility, and combined gauge variation to determine if the measurement system error is acceptable based on a 10% tolerance rule.

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Amit Jha
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192 views

Repeatability & Reproducibility - Class

1) R&R studies evaluate the precision of a measurement system by measuring the variation in results from multiple measurements of the same item. 2) The study involves measuring items multiple times with the same operator (repeatability) and different operators (reproducibility) to determine the measurement error. 3) The results are used to calculate repeatability, reproducibility, and combined gauge variation to determine if the measurement system error is acceptable based on a 10% tolerance rule.

Uploaded by

Amit Jha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Repeatability & Reproducibility

Repeatability and Reproducibility (R & R) Studies


Evaluate the precision of a measurement system.
It is important that the gauge be properly calibrated
Before starting the Gauge R & R Study .

Precision and Accuracy
Precision
Repeatability Problem:
The same person (or station)
cant get the same result
twice on the same subject
Reproducibility Problem:
Different people (or stations)
cant agree on the result
obtained on the same subject
Within Inspector Error between Inspector Error
Precision
Is the closeness of agreement between randomly selected
individual measurement or test results.

Gauge Repeatability & Reproducibility
Gage R&R is a study to measure the measurement
error in measurement systems.

The 10% rule tells us that
if the percent of tolerance consumed by the R&R
does not exceed 10%, the measurement system is
excellent.

R&R = 15% means that 15% of the variation in
product measurements is due to the measurement
System.
Each independent component of the model is
variable:

Product quality characteristic -

Gauge, measurement error -


Total observed variance in product quality
characteristic measurements:

2
( , )
product
X N o ~
( )
2
0,
gauge
N c o ~
2 2 2
gauge product total
o o o + =
Total observed variance
Gauge variance
If more than one operator used in study then
measurement (gauge) error has two components
of variance:




Repeatability:
- Variance due to measuring instrument
Reproducibility:
- Variance due to different operators
2 2 2
gauge product total
o o o + =
2 2
repeatability reproducibiliy
o o +
2
repeatability
o
2
reproducibility
o
Experiments to estimate the components

&

are called:
gauge repeatability and reproducibility studies
(gauge R&R studies).


2
repeatability
o
2
reproducibility
o
Repeatability & Reproducibility
Report
n - number of parts r number of operators
max min i
R X X =
For example :
2 operators, r=2 j=1r
10 items , n=10 i=1n
10
1
10
i
i
j
R
R
=
=

2
2
1

=
=
j
j
R
R
10 10
2 1
10
1
10
1
+
+
=

= = i
i
i
i
j
nd X st X
X
2
1
2
j
j
X
X
=
=

Repeatability = Equipment Variation
1
2
0.9987 (3)
0.995 (2.576) 2 2.576 5.15
. . 5.15 5.15
EV
R
EV K R
d
|
|
o
=
= =
| |
= = =
|
|
\ .
Trials 2 3 4
K
1
4.56 3.05 2.50
Average and Range method
Standard deviation for Repeatability
. .
2
E V
R
d
o =
Where d2 is a factor that depends on the number of trials (sample size):
n 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
d2 1.128 1.693 2.059 2.326 2.534 2.704 2.847 2.970 3.078
( ) ( ) ( ) | | LSL USL Tolerance V E V E = = / . . 100 . . %
, , " !
Average and Range method
Standard deviation for Reproducibility
max min
. .
* *
2 2
diff
AV
X
X X
d d
o

= =
Reproducibility = Appraiser Variation
2 2
2
. . ( ) [( . .) /( )]
dif
AV X K EV n r n number of partes
r number of trails
= =
=
Operators 2 3 4
K
2
3.65 2.70 2.30
( ) ( ) ( )
% . . 100 . . / AV AV Tolerance USL LSL
(
= =

, , " !
Combined Gage Variation
2 2
&
( . .) ( . .) &
&
5.15
R R
CGV EV AV R R
R R
o
= + =
=
( ) ( )
% & 100 & / R R R R Tolerance = (

, , " !

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